Update for latest nightly 2018-06-09 (#70)

* Update for latest nightly 2018-06-09
* We now have a proper horizon os and sys modules in libstd

.travis.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 language: rust
 
 rust:
-   - nightly-2018-05-06
+   - nightly-2018-06-09
    - nightly
 
 matrix:

ctr-std/src/alloc.rs

@@ -13,16 +13,61 @@
 #![unstable(issue = "32838", feature = "allocator_api")]
 
 #[doc(inline)] #[allow(deprecated)] pub use alloc_crate::alloc::Heap;
-#[doc(inline)] pub use alloc_crate::alloc::{Global, oom};
+#[doc(inline)] pub use alloc_crate::alloc::{Global, Layout, oom};
 #[doc(inline)] pub use alloc_system::System;
 #[doc(inline)] pub use core::alloc::*;
 
-#[cfg(not(stage0))]
+use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
+use core::{mem, ptr};
+use sys_common::util::dumb_print;
+
+static HOOK: AtomicPtr<()> = AtomicPtr::new(ptr::null_mut());
+
+/// Registers a custom OOM hook, replacing any that was previously registered.
+///
+/// The OOM hook is invoked when an infallible memory allocation fails, before
+/// the runtime aborts. The default hook prints a message to standard error,
+/// but this behavior can be customized with the [`set_oom_hook`] and
+/// [`take_oom_hook`] functions.
+///
+/// The hook is provided with a `Layout` struct which contains information
+/// about the allocation that failed.
+///
+/// The OOM hook is a global resource.
+pub fn set_oom_hook(hook: fn(Layout)) {
+    HOOK.store(hook as *mut (), Ordering::SeqCst);
+}
+
+/// Unregisters the current OOM hook, returning it.
+///
+/// *See also the function [`set_oom_hook`].*
+///
+/// If no custom hook is registered, the default hook will be returned.
+pub fn take_oom_hook() -> fn(Layout) {
+    let hook = HOOK.swap(ptr::null_mut(), Ordering::SeqCst);
+    if hook.is_null() {
+        default_oom_hook
+    } else {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(hook) }
+    }
+}
+
+fn default_oom_hook(layout: Layout) {
+    dumb_print(format_args!("memory allocation of {} bytes failed", layout.size()));
+}
+
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 #[doc(hidden)]
 #[lang = "oom"]
-pub extern fn rust_oom() -> ! {
+pub extern fn rust_oom(layout: Layout) -> ! {
-    rtabort!("memory allocation failed");
+    let hook = HOOK.load(Ordering::SeqCst);
+    let hook: fn(Layout) = if hook.is_null() {
+        default_oom_hook
+    } else {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(hook) }
+    };
+    hook(layout);
+    unsafe { ::sys::abort_internal(); }
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(test))]
@@ -43,13 +88,6 @@ pub mod __default_lib_allocator {
         System.alloc(layout) as *mut u8
     }
 
-    #[cfg(stage0)]
-    #[no_mangle]
-    #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-    pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_oom() -> ! {
-        super::oom()
-    }
-
     #[no_mangle]
     #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
     pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_dealloc(ptr: *mut u8,
@@ -74,57 +112,4 @@ pub mod __default_lib_allocator {
         let layout = Layout::from_size_align_unchecked(size, align);
         System.alloc_zeroed(layout) as *mut u8
     }
-
-    #[cfg(stage0)]
-    pub mod stage0 {
-        #[no_mangle]
-        #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-        pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_usable_size(_layout: *const u8,
-                                               _min: *mut usize,
-                                               _max: *mut usize) {
-            unimplemented!()
-        }
-
-        #[no_mangle]
-        #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-        pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_alloc_excess(_size: usize,
-                                                _align: usize,
-                                                _excess: *mut usize,
-                                                _err: *mut u8) -> *mut u8 {
-            unimplemented!()
-        }
-
-        #[no_mangle]
-        #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-        pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_realloc_excess(_ptr: *mut u8,
-                                                  _old_size: usize,
-                                                  _old_align: usize,
-                                                  _new_size: usize,
-                                                  _new_align: usize,
-                                                  _excess: *mut usize,
-                                                  _err: *mut u8) -> *mut u8 {
-            unimplemented!()
-        }
-
-        #[no_mangle]
-        #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-        pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_grow_in_place(_ptr: *mut u8,
-                                                 _old_size: usize,
-                                                 _old_align: usize,
-                                                 _new_size: usize,
-                                                 _new_align: usize) -> u8 {
-            unimplemented!()
-        }
-
-        #[no_mangle]
-        #[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
-        pub unsafe extern fn __rdl_shrink_in_place(_ptr: *mut u8,
-                                                   _old_size: usize,
-                                                   _old_align: usize,
-                                                   _new_size: usize,
-                                                   _new_align: usize) -> u8 {
-            unimplemented!()
-        }
-
-    }
 }

ctr-std/src/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![deny(warnings)]
+
+extern crate build_helper;
+extern crate cc;
+
+use build_helper::native_lib_boilerplate;
+use std::env;
+use std::fs::File;
+
+fn main() {
+    let target = env::var("TARGET").expect("TARGET was not set");
+    if cfg!(feature = "backtrace") &&
+        !target.contains("cloudabi") &&
+        !target.contains("emscripten") &&
+        !target.contains("fuchsia") &&
+        !target.contains("msvc") &&
+        !target.contains("wasm32")
+    {
+        let _ = build_libbacktrace(&target);
+    }
+
+    if target.contains("linux") {
+        if target.contains("android") {
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=dl");
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=log");
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=gcc");
+        } else if !target.contains("musl") {
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=dl");
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=rt");
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=pthread");
+        }
+    } else if target.contains("freebsd") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=execinfo");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=pthread");
+    } else if target.contains("dragonfly") || target.contains("bitrig") ||
+              target.contains("netbsd") || target.contains("openbsd") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=pthread");
+    } else if target.contains("solaris") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=socket");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=posix4");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=pthread");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=resolv");
+    } else if target.contains("apple-darwin") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=System");
+
+        // res_init and friends require -lresolv on macOS/iOS.
+        // See #41582 and http://blog.achernya.com/2013/03/os-x-has-silly-libsystem.html
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=resolv");
+    } else if target.contains("apple-ios") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=System");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=objc");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=framework=Security");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=framework=Foundation");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=resolv");
+    } else if target.contains("windows") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=advapi32");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=ws2_32");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=userenv");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=shell32");
+    } else if target.contains("fuchsia") {
+        // use system-provided libbacktrace
+        if cfg!(feature = "backtrace") {
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=backtrace");
+        }
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=zircon");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=fdio");
+    } else if target.contains("cloudabi") {
+        if cfg!(feature = "backtrace") {
+            println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=unwind");
+        }
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=c");
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=compiler_rt");
+    }
+}
+
+fn build_libbacktrace(target: &str) -> Result<(), ()> {
+    let native = native_lib_boilerplate("libbacktrace", "libbacktrace", "backtrace", "")?;
+
+    let mut build = cc::Build::new();
+    build
+        .flag("-fvisibility=hidden")
+        .include("../libbacktrace")
+        .include(&native.out_dir)
+        .out_dir(&native.out_dir)
+        .warnings(false)
+        .file("../libbacktrace/alloc.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/backtrace.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/dwarf.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/fileline.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/posix.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/read.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/sort.c")
+        .file("../libbacktrace/state.c");
+
+    if target.contains("darwin") {
+        build.file("../libbacktrace/macho.c");
+    } else if target.contains("windows") {
+        build.file("../libbacktrace/pecoff.c");
+    } else {
+        build.file("../libbacktrace/elf.c");
+
+        if target.contains("64") {
+            build.define("BACKTRACE_ELF_SIZE", "64");
+        } else {
+            build.define("BACKTRACE_ELF_SIZE", "32");
+        }
+    }
+
+    File::create(native.out_dir.join("backtrace-supported.h")).unwrap();
+    build.define("BACKTRACE_SUPPORTED", "1");
+    build.define("BACKTRACE_USES_MALLOC", "1");
+    build.define("BACKTRACE_SUPPORTS_THREADS", "0");
+    build.define("BACKTRACE_SUPPORTS_DATA", "0");
+
+    File::create(native.out_dir.join("config.h")).unwrap();
+    if !target.contains("apple-ios") &&
+       !target.contains("solaris") &&
+       !target.contains("redox") &&
+       !target.contains("android") {
+        build.define("HAVE_DL_ITERATE_PHDR", "1");
+    }
+    build.define("_GNU_SOURCE", "1");
+    build.define("_LARGE_FILES", "1");
+
+    build.compile("backtrace");
+    Ok(())
+}

ctr-std/src/collections/hash/map.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 use self::Entry::*;
 use self::VacantEntryState::*;
 
-use alloc::{CollectionAllocErr, oom};
+use alloc::CollectionAllocErr;
 use cell::Cell;
 use borrow::Borrow;
 use cmp::max;
@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ use mem::{self, replace};
 use ops::{Deref, Index};
 use sys;
 
-use super::table::{self, Bucket, EmptyBucket, FullBucket, FullBucketMut, RawTable, SafeHash};
+use super::table::{self, Bucket, EmptyBucket, Fallibility, FullBucket, FullBucketMut, RawTable,
+                   SafeHash};
 use super::table::BucketState::{Empty, Full};
+use super::table::Fallibility::{Fallible, Infallible};
 
 const MIN_NONZERO_RAW_CAPACITY: usize = 32;     // must be a power of two
 
@@ -783,9 +785,9 @@ impl<K, V, S> HashMap<K, V, S>
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) {
-        match self.try_reserve(additional) {
+        match self.reserve_internal(additional, Infallible) {
             Err(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow) => panic!("capacity overflow"),
-            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => oom(),
+            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => unreachable!(),
             Ok(()) => { /* yay */ }
         }
     }
@@ -809,17 +811,24 @@ impl<K, V, S> HashMap<K, V, S>
     /// ```
     #[unstable(feature = "try_reserve", reason = "new API", issue="48043")]
     pub fn try_reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) -> Result<(), CollectionAllocErr> {
+        self.reserve_internal(additional, Fallible)
+    }
+
+    fn reserve_internal(&mut self, additional: usize, fallibility: Fallibility)
+        -> Result<(), CollectionAllocErr> {
+
         let remaining = self.capacity() - self.len(); // this can't overflow
         if remaining < additional {
-            let min_cap = self.len().checked_add(additional)
+            let min_cap = self.len()
+                .checked_add(additional)
                 .ok_or(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow)?;
             let raw_cap = self.resize_policy.try_raw_capacity(min_cap)?;
-            self.try_resize(raw_cap)?;
+            self.try_resize(raw_cap, fallibility)?;
         } else if self.table.tag() && remaining <= self.len() {
             // Probe sequence is too long and table is half full,
             // resize early to reduce probing length.
             let new_capacity = self.table.capacity() * 2;
-            self.try_resize(new_capacity)?;
+            self.try_resize(new_capacity, fallibility)?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -831,11 +840,21 @@ impl<K, V, S> HashMap<K, V, S>
     ///   2) Ensure `new_raw_cap` is a power of two or zero.
     #[inline(never)]
     #[cold]
-    fn try_resize(&mut self, new_raw_cap: usize) -> Result<(), CollectionAllocErr> {
+    fn try_resize(
+        &mut self,
+        new_raw_cap: usize,
+        fallibility: Fallibility,
+    ) -> Result<(), CollectionAllocErr> {
         assert!(self.table.size() <= new_raw_cap);
         assert!(new_raw_cap.is_power_of_two() || new_raw_cap == 0);
 
-        let mut old_table = replace(&mut self.table, RawTable::try_new(new_raw_cap)?);
+        let mut old_table = replace(
+            &mut self.table,
+            match fallibility {
+                Infallible => RawTable::new(new_raw_cap),
+                Fallible => RawTable::try_new(new_raw_cap)?,
+            }
+        );
         let old_size = old_table.size();
 
         if old_table.size() == 0 {
@@ -2142,14 +2161,13 @@ impl<'a, K, V> Entry<'a, K, V> {
 }
 
 impl<'a, K, V: Default> Entry<'a, K, V> {
-    #[unstable(feature = "entry_or_default", issue = "44324")]
+    #[stable(feature = "entry_or_default", since = "1.28.0")]
     /// Ensures a value is in the entry by inserting the default value if empty,
     /// and returns a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// #![feature(entry_or_default)]
     /// # fn main() {
     /// use std::collections::HashMap;
     ///
@@ -2165,7 +2183,6 @@ impl<'a, K, V: Default> Entry<'a, K, V> {
             Vacant(entry) => entry.insert(Default::default()),
         }
     }
-
 }
 
 impl<'a, K, V> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V> {
@@ -2231,6 +2248,11 @@ impl<'a, K, V> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V> {
 
     /// Gets a mutable reference to the value in the entry.
     ///
+    /// If you need a reference to the `OccupiedEntry` which may outlive the
+    /// destruction of the `Entry` value, see [`into_mut`].
+    ///
+    /// [`into_mut`]: #method.into_mut
+    ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
@@ -2243,9 +2265,13 @@ impl<'a, K, V> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V> {
     /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 12);
     /// if let Entry::Occupied(mut o) = map.entry("poneyland") {
     ///     *o.get_mut() += 10;
+    ///     assert_eq!(*o.get(), 22);
+    ///
+    ///     // We can use the same Entry multiple times.
+    ///     *o.get_mut() += 2;
     /// }
     ///
-    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 22);
+    /// assert_eq!(map["poneyland"], 24);
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut V {
@@ -2255,6 +2281,10 @@ impl<'a, K, V> OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V> {
     /// Converts the OccupiedEntry into a mutable reference to the value in the entry
     /// with a lifetime bound to the map itself.
     ///
+    /// If you need multiple references to the `OccupiedEntry`, see [`get_mut`].
+    ///
+    /// [`get_mut`]: #method.get_mut
+    ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```

ctr-std/src/collections/hash/table.rs

@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-use alloc::{Global, Alloc, Layout, CollectionAllocErr, oom};
+use alloc::{Global, Alloc, Layout, LayoutErr, CollectionAllocErr, oom};
-use cmp;
 use hash::{BuildHasher, Hash, Hasher};
 use marker;
-use mem::{align_of, size_of, needs_drop};
+use mem::{size_of, needs_drop};
 use mem;
 use ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
 use ptr::{self, Unique, NonNull};
+use hint;
 
 use self::BucketState::*;
 
@@ -651,71 +651,39 @@ impl<K, V, M> GapThenFull<K, V, M>
     }
 }
 
-
+// Returns a Layout which describes the allocation required for a hash table,
-/// Rounds up to a multiple of a power of two. Returns the closest multiple
+// and the offset of the array of (key, value) pairs in the allocation.
-/// of `target_alignment` that is higher or equal to `unrounded`.
+fn calculate_layout<K, V>(capacity: usize) -> Result<(Layout, usize), LayoutErr> {
-///
+    let hashes = Layout::array::<HashUint>(capacity)?;
-/// # Panics
+    let pairs = Layout::array::<(K, V)>(capacity)?;
-///
+    hashes.extend(pairs).map(|(layout, _)| {
-/// Panics if `target_alignment` is not a power of two.
+        // LLVM seems to have trouble properly const-propagating pairs.align(),
-#[inline]
+        // possibly due to the use of NonZeroUsize. This little hack allows it
-fn round_up_to_next(unrounded: usize, target_alignment: usize) -> usize {
+        // to generate optimal code.
-    assert!(target_alignment.is_power_of_two());
+        //
-    (unrounded + target_alignment - 1) & !(target_alignment - 1)
+        // See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/51346 for more details.
-}
+        (
-
+            layout,
-#[test]
+            hashes.size() + hashes.padding_needed_for(mem::align_of::<(K, V)>()),
-fn test_rounding() {
+        )
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(0, 4), 0);
+    })
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(1, 4), 4);
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(2, 4), 4);
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(3, 4), 4);
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(4, 4), 4);
-    assert_eq!(round_up_to_next(5, 4), 8);
-}
-
-// Returns a tuple of (pairs_offset, end_of_pairs_offset),
-// from the start of a mallocated array.
-#[inline]
-fn calculate_offsets(hashes_size: usize,
-                     pairs_size: usize,
-                     pairs_align: usize)
-                     -> (usize, usize, bool) {
-    let pairs_offset = round_up_to_next(hashes_size, pairs_align);
-    let (end_of_pairs, oflo) = pairs_offset.overflowing_add(pairs_size);
-
-    (pairs_offset, end_of_pairs, oflo)
 }
 
-// Returns a tuple of (minimum required malloc alignment,
+pub(crate) enum Fallibility {
-// array_size), from the start of a mallocated array.
+    Fallible,
-fn calculate_allocation(hash_size: usize,
+    Infallible,
-                        hash_align: usize,
-                        pairs_size: usize,
-                        pairs_align: usize)
-                        -> (usize, usize, bool) {
-    let (_, end_of_pairs, oflo) = calculate_offsets(hash_size, pairs_size, pairs_align);
-
-    let align = cmp::max(hash_align, pairs_align);
-
-    (align, end_of_pairs, oflo)
 }
 
-#[test]
+use self::Fallibility::*;
-fn test_offset_calculation() {
-    assert_eq!(calculate_allocation(128, 8, 16, 8), (8, 144, false));
-    assert_eq!(calculate_allocation(3, 1, 2, 1), (1, 5, false));
-    assert_eq!(calculate_allocation(6, 2, 12, 4), (4, 20, false));
-    assert_eq!(calculate_offsets(128, 15, 4), (128, 143, false));
-    assert_eq!(calculate_offsets(3, 2, 4), (4, 6, false));
-    assert_eq!(calculate_offsets(6, 12, 4), (8, 20, false));
-}
 
 impl<K, V> RawTable<K, V> {
     /// Does not initialize the buckets. The caller should ensure they,
     /// at the very least, set every hash to EMPTY_BUCKET.
     /// Returns an error if it cannot allocate or capacity overflows.
-    unsafe fn try_new_uninitialized(capacity: usize) -> Result<RawTable<K, V>, CollectionAllocErr> {
+    unsafe fn new_uninitialized_internal(
+        capacity: usize,
+        fallibility: Fallibility,
+    ) -> Result<RawTable<K, V>, CollectionAllocErr> {
         if capacity == 0 {
             return Ok(RawTable {
                 size: 0,
@@ -725,37 +693,15 @@ impl<K, V> RawTable<K, V> {
             });
         }
 
-        // No need for `checked_mul` before a more restrictive check performed
-        // later in this method.
-        let hashes_size = capacity.wrapping_mul(size_of::<HashUint>());
-        let pairs_size = capacity.wrapping_mul(size_of::<(K, V)>());
-
         // Allocating hashmaps is a little tricky. We need to allocate two
         // arrays, but since we know their sizes and alignments up front,
         // we just allocate a single array, and then have the subarrays
         // point into it.
-        //
+        let (layout, _) = calculate_layout::<K, V>(capacity)?;
-        // This is great in theory, but in practice getting the alignment
+        let buffer = Global.alloc(layout).map_err(|e| match fallibility {
-        // right is a little subtle. Therefore, calculating offsets has been
+            Infallible => oom(layout),
-        // factored out into a different function.
+            Fallible => e,
-        let (alignment, size, oflo) = calculate_allocation(hashes_size,
+        })?;
-                                                           align_of::<HashUint>(),
-                                                           pairs_size,
-                                                           align_of::<(K, V)>());
-        if oflo {
-            return Err(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow);
-        }
-
-        // One check for overflow that covers calculation and rounding of size.
-        let size_of_bucket = size_of::<HashUint>().checked_add(size_of::<(K, V)>())
-            .ok_or(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow)?;
-        let capacity_mul_size_of_bucket = capacity.checked_mul(size_of_bucket);
-        if capacity_mul_size_of_bucket.is_none() || size < capacity_mul_size_of_bucket.unwrap() {
-            return Err(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow);
-        }
-
-        let buffer = Global.alloc(Layout::from_size_align(size, alignment)
-            .map_err(|_| CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow)?)?;
 
         Ok(RawTable {
             capacity_mask: capacity.wrapping_sub(1),
@@ -768,48 +714,50 @@ impl<K, V> RawTable<K, V> {
     /// Does not initialize the buckets. The caller should ensure they,
     /// at the very least, set every hash to EMPTY_BUCKET.
     unsafe fn new_uninitialized(capacity: usize) -> RawTable<K, V> {
-        match Self::try_new_uninitialized(capacity) {
+        match Self::new_uninitialized_internal(capacity, Infallible) {
             Err(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow) => panic!("capacity overflow"),
-            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => oom(),
+            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => unreachable!(),
             Ok(table) => { table }
         }
     }
 
     fn raw_bucket_at(&self, index: usize) -> RawBucket<K, V> {
-        let hashes_size = self.capacity() * size_of::<HashUint>();
+        let (_, pairs_offset) = calculate_layout::<K, V>(self.capacity())
-        let pairs_size = self.capacity() * size_of::<(K, V)>();
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| unsafe { hint::unreachable_unchecked() });
-
-        let (pairs_offset, _, oflo) =
-            calculate_offsets(hashes_size, pairs_size, align_of::<(K, V)>());
-        debug_assert!(!oflo, "capacity overflow");
-
         let buffer = self.hashes.ptr() as *mut u8;
         unsafe {
             RawBucket {
                 hash_start: buffer as *mut HashUint,
-                pair_start: buffer.offset(pairs_offset as isize) as *const (K, V),
+                pair_start: buffer.add(pairs_offset) as *const (K, V),
                 idx: index,
                 _marker: marker::PhantomData,
             }
         }
     }
 
-    /// Tries to create a new raw table from a given capacity. If it cannot allocate,
+    fn new_internal(
-    /// it returns with AllocErr.
+        capacity: usize,
-    pub fn try_new(capacity: usize) -> Result<RawTable<K, V>, CollectionAllocErr> {
+        fallibility: Fallibility,
+    ) -> Result<RawTable<K, V>, CollectionAllocErr> {
         unsafe {
-            let ret = RawTable::try_new_uninitialized(capacity)?;
+            let ret = RawTable::new_uninitialized_internal(capacity, fallibility)?;
             ptr::write_bytes(ret.hashes.ptr(), 0, capacity);
             Ok(ret)
         }
     }
 
+    /// Tries to create a new raw table from a given capacity. If it cannot allocate,
+    /// it returns with AllocErr.
+    pub fn try_new(capacity: usize) -> Result<RawTable<K, V>, CollectionAllocErr> {
+        Self::new_internal(capacity, Fallible)
+    }
+
     /// Creates a new raw table from a given capacity. All buckets are
     /// initially empty.
     pub fn new(capacity: usize) -> RawTable<K, V> {
-        match Self::try_new(capacity) {
+        match Self::new_internal(capacity, Infallible) {
             Err(CollectionAllocErr::CapacityOverflow) => panic!("capacity overflow"),
-            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => oom(),
+            Err(CollectionAllocErr::AllocErr) => unreachable!(),
             Ok(table) => { table }
         }
     }
@@ -1173,18 +1121,10 @@ unsafe impl<#[may_dangle] K, #[may_dangle] V> Drop for RawTable<K, V> {
             }
         }
 
-        let hashes_size = self.capacity() * size_of::<HashUint>();
+        let (layout, _) = calculate_layout::<K, V>(self.capacity())
-        let pairs_size = self.capacity() * size_of::<(K, V)>();
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| unsafe { hint::unreachable_unchecked() });
-        let (align, size, oflo) = calculate_allocation(hashes_size,
-                                                       align_of::<HashUint>(),
-                                                       pairs_size,
-                                                       align_of::<(K, V)>());
-
-        debug_assert!(!oflo, "should be impossible");
-
         unsafe {
-            Global.dealloc(NonNull::new_unchecked(self.hashes.ptr()).as_opaque(),
+            Global.dealloc(NonNull::new_unchecked(self.hashes.ptr()).as_opaque(), layout);
-                           Layout::from_size_align(size, align).unwrap());
             // Remember how everything was allocated out of one buffer
             // during initialization? We only need one call to free here.
         }

ctr-std/src/collections/mod.rs

@@ -437,14 +437,6 @@ pub use self::hash_map::HashMap;
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub use self::hash_set::HashSet;
 
-#[unstable(feature = "collections_range", issue = "30877")]
-#[rustc_deprecated(reason = "renamed and moved to `std::ops::RangeBounds`", since = "1.26.0")]
-#[doc(hidden)]
-/// Range syntax
-pub mod range {
-    pub use ops::RangeBounds as RangeArgument;
-}
-
 #[unstable(feature = "try_reserve", reason = "new API", issue="48043")]
 pub use heap::CollectionAllocErr;
 

ctr-std/src/env.rs

@@ -49,9 +49,11 @@ use sys::os as os_imp;
 /// ```
 /// use std::env;
 ///
-/// // We assume that we are in a valid directory.
+/// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
-/// let path = env::current_dir().unwrap();
+///     let path = env::current_dir()?;
 ///     println!("The current directory is {}", path.display());
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
 /// ```
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn current_dir() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
@@ -441,15 +443,18 @@ pub struct JoinPathsError {
 /// Joining paths on a Unix-like platform:
 ///
 /// ```
-/// # if cfg!(unix) {
 /// use std::env;
 /// use std::ffi::OsString;
 /// use std::path::Path;
 ///
+/// fn main() -> Result<(), env::JoinPathsError> {
+/// # if cfg!(unix) {
 ///     let paths = [Path::new("/bin"), Path::new("/usr/bin")];
-/// let path_os_string = env::join_paths(paths.iter()).unwrap();
+///     let path_os_string = env::join_paths(paths.iter())?;
 ///     assert_eq!(path_os_string, OsString::from("/bin:/usr/bin"));
 /// # }
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// Joining a path containing a colon on a Unix-like platform results in an error:
@@ -471,12 +476,16 @@ pub struct JoinPathsError {
 /// use std::env;
 /// use std::path::PathBuf;
 ///
+/// fn main() -> Result<(), env::JoinPathsError> {
 ///     if let Some(path) = env::var_os("PATH") {
 ///         let mut paths = env::split_paths(&path).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 ///         paths.push(PathBuf::from("/home/xyz/bin"));
-///     let new_path = env::join_paths(paths).unwrap();
+///         let new_path = env::join_paths(paths)?;
 ///         env::set_var("PATH", &new_path);
 ///     }
+///
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
 /// ```
 #[stable(feature = "env", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub fn join_paths<I, T>(paths: I) -> Result<OsString, JoinPathsError>

ctr-std/src/f32.rs

@@ -11,22 +11,16 @@
 //! This module provides constants which are specific to the implementation
 //! of the `f32` floating point data type.
 //!
-//! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.
-//!
 //! *[See also the `f32` primitive type](../../std/primitive.f32.html).*
+//!
+//! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.
 
 #![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #![allow(missing_docs)]
 
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg(stage0)]
-use core::num::Float;
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 use intrinsics;
 #[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg(stage0)]
-use num::FpCategory;
-#[cfg(not(test))]
 use sys::cmath;
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
@@ -41,14 +35,12 @@ pub use core::f32::{MIN, MIN_POSITIVE, MAX};
 pub use core::f32::consts;
 
 #[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg_attr(stage0, lang = "f32")]
+#[lang = "f32_runtime"]
-#[cfg_attr(not(stage0), lang = "f32_runtime")]
 impl f32 {
-    #[cfg(stage0)]
-    f32_core_methods!();
-
     /// Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.99_f32;
     /// let g = 3.0_f32;
@@ -80,6 +72,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.01_f32;
     /// let g = 4.0_f32;
@@ -100,6 +94,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Returns the nearest integer to a number. Round half-way cases away from
     /// `0.0`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.3_f32;
     /// let g = -3.3_f32;
@@ -115,6 +111,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the integer part of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.3_f32;
     /// let g = -3.7_f32;
@@ -130,6 +128,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the fractional part of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Computes the absolute value of `self`. Returns `NAN` if the
     /// number is `NAN`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -174,6 +176,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// - `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`
     /// - `NAN` if the number is `NAN`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -195,8 +199,12 @@ impl f32 {
     }
 
     /// Fused multiply-add. Computes `(self * a) + b` with only one rounding
-    /// error. This produces a more accurate result with better performance than
+    /// error, yielding a more accurate result than an unfused multiply-add.
-    /// a separate multiplication operation followed by an add.
+    ///
+    /// Using `mul_add` can be more performant than an unfused multiply-add if
+    /// the target architecture has a dedicated `fma` CPU instruction.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
@@ -223,6 +231,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// In other words, the result is `self / rhs` rounded to the integer `n`
     /// such that `self >= n * rhs`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
     /// let a: f32 = 7.0;
@@ -246,6 +256,8 @@ impl f32 {
     ///
     /// In particular, the result `n` satisfies `0 <= n < rhs.abs()`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
     /// let a: f32 = 7.0;
@@ -271,6 +283,8 @@ impl f32 {
     ///
     /// Using this function is generally faster than using `powf`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -287,6 +301,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Raises a number to a floating point power.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -309,6 +325,8 @@ impl f32 {
     ///
     /// Returns NaN if `self` is a negative number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -332,6 +350,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns `e^(self)`, (the exponential function).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -356,6 +376,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns `2^(self)`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -374,6 +396,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the natural logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -402,6 +426,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// `self.log2()` can produce more accurate results for base 2, and
     /// `self.log10()` can produce more accurate results for base 10.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -418,6 +444,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -439,6 +467,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -464,6 +494,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// * If `self <= other`: `0:0`
     /// * Else: `self - other`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -491,6 +523,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Takes the cubic root of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -510,6 +544,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Calculates the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle given
     /// legs of length `x` and `y`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -529,6 +565,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Computes the sine of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -550,6 +588,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Computes the cosine of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -571,6 +611,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Computes the tangent of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -589,6 +631,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// the range [-pi/2, pi/2] or NaN if the number is outside the range
     /// [-1, 1].
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -609,6 +653,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// the range [0, pi] or NaN if the number is outside the range
     /// [-1, 1].
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -628,6 +674,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Computes the arctangent of a number. Return value is in radians in the
     /// range [-pi/2, pi/2];
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -651,6 +699,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// * `y >= 0`: `arctan(y/x) + pi` -> `(pi/2, pi]`
     /// * `y < 0`: `arctan(y/x) - pi` -> `(-pi, -pi/2)`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -680,6 +730,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Simultaneously computes the sine and cosine of the number, `x`. Returns
     /// `(sin(x), cos(x))`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -701,6 +753,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Returns `e^(self) - 1` in a way that is accurate even if the
     /// number is close to zero.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -720,6 +774,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// Returns `ln(1+n)` (natural logarithm) more accurately than if
     /// the operations were performed separately.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -738,6 +794,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic sine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -759,6 +817,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic cosine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -780,6 +840,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic tangent function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -801,6 +863,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic sine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -823,6 +887,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///
@@ -844,6 +910,8 @@ impl f32 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f32;
     ///

ctr-std/src/f64.rs

@@ -11,22 +11,16 @@
 //! This module provides constants which are specific to the implementation
 //! of the `f64` floating point data type.
 //!
-//! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.
-//!
 //! *[See also the `f64` primitive type](../../std/primitive.f64.html).*
+//!
+//! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.
 
 #![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #![allow(missing_docs)]
 
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg(stage0)]
-use core::num::Float;
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 use intrinsics;
 #[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg(stage0)]
-use num::FpCategory;
-#[cfg(not(test))]
 use sys::cmath;
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
@@ -41,14 +35,12 @@ pub use core::f64::{MIN, MIN_POSITIVE, MAX};
 pub use core::f64::consts;
 
 #[cfg(not(test))]
-#[cfg_attr(stage0, lang = "f64")]
+#[lang = "f64_runtime"]
-#[cfg_attr(not(stage0), lang = "f64_runtime")]
 impl f64 {
-    #[cfg(stage0)]
-    f64_core_methods!();
-
     /// Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.99_f64;
     /// let g = 3.0_f64;
@@ -64,6 +56,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.01_f64;
     /// let g = 4.0_f64;
@@ -80,6 +74,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Returns the nearest integer to a number. Round half-way cases away from
     /// `0.0`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.3_f64;
     /// let g = -3.3_f64;
@@ -95,6 +91,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the integer part of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 3.3_f64;
     /// let g = -3.7_f64;
@@ -110,6 +108,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the fractional part of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 3.5_f64;
     /// let y = -3.5_f64;
@@ -126,6 +126,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Computes the absolute value of `self`. Returns `NAN` if the
     /// number is `NAN`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -152,6 +154,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// - `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`
     /// - `NAN` if the number is `NAN`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -173,8 +177,12 @@ impl f64 {
     }
 
     /// Fused multiply-add. Computes `(self * a) + b` with only one rounding
-    /// error. This produces a more accurate result with better performance than
+    /// error, yielding a more accurate result than an unfused multiply-add.
-    /// a separate multiplication operation followed by an add.
+    ///
+    /// Using `mul_add` can be more performant than an unfused multiply-add if
+    /// the target architecture has a dedicated `fma` CPU instruction.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// let m = 10.0_f64;
@@ -199,6 +207,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// In other words, the result is `self / rhs` rounded to the integer `n`
     /// such that `self >= n * rhs`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
     /// let a: f64 = 7.0;
@@ -222,6 +232,8 @@ impl f64 {
     ///
     /// In particular, the result `n` satisfies `0 <= n < rhs.abs()`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
     /// let a: f64 = 7.0;
@@ -246,6 +258,8 @@ impl f64 {
     ///
     /// Using this function is generally faster than using `powf`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 2.0_f64;
     /// let abs_difference = (x.powi(2) - x*x).abs();
@@ -260,6 +274,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Raises a number to a floating point power.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 2.0_f64;
     /// let abs_difference = (x.powf(2.0) - x*x).abs();
@@ -276,6 +292,8 @@ impl f64 {
     ///
     /// Returns NaN if `self` is a negative number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let positive = 4.0_f64;
     /// let negative = -4.0_f64;
@@ -297,6 +315,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns `e^(self)`, (the exponential function).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let one = 1.0_f64;
     /// // e^1
@@ -315,6 +335,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns `2^(self)`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 2.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -331,6 +353,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the natural logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let one = 1.0_f64;
     /// // e^1
@@ -353,6 +377,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// `self.log2()` can produce more accurate results for base 2, and
     /// `self.log10()` can produce more accurate results for base 10.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let five = 5.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -367,6 +393,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let two = 2.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -388,6 +416,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let ten = 10.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -407,6 +437,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// * If `self <= other`: `0:0`
     /// * Else: `self - other`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 3.0_f64;
     /// let y = -3.0_f64;
@@ -432,6 +464,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Takes the cubic root of a number.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 8.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -449,6 +483,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Calculates the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle given
     /// legs of length `x` and `y`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 2.0_f64;
     /// let y = 3.0_f64;
@@ -466,6 +502,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Computes the sine of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -483,6 +521,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Computes the cosine of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -500,6 +540,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Computes the tangent of a number (in radians).
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -518,6 +560,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// the range [-pi/2, pi/2] or NaN if the number is outside the range
     /// [-1, 1].
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -538,6 +582,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// the range [0, pi] or NaN if the number is outside the range
     /// [-1, 1].
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -557,6 +603,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Computes the arctangent of a number. Return value is in radians in the
     /// range [-pi/2, pi/2];
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let f = 1.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -578,6 +626,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// * `y >= 0`: `arctan(y/x) + pi` -> `(pi/2, pi]`
     /// * `y < 0`: `arctan(y/x) - pi` -> `(-pi, -pi/2)`
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -607,6 +657,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Simultaneously computes the sine and cosine of the number, `x`. Returns
     /// `(sin(x), cos(x))`.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -628,6 +680,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Returns `e^(self) - 1` in a way that is accurate even if the
     /// number is close to zero.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 7.0_f64;
     ///
@@ -645,6 +699,8 @@ impl f64 {
     /// Returns `ln(1+n)` (natural logarithm) more accurately than if
     /// the operations were performed separately.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -663,6 +719,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic sine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -684,6 +742,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic cosine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -705,6 +765,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Hyperbolic tangent function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///
@@ -726,6 +788,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic sine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 1.0_f64;
     /// let f = x.sinh().asinh();
@@ -746,6 +810,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// let x = 1.0_f64;
     /// let f = x.cosh().acosh();
@@ -765,6 +831,8 @@ impl f64 {
 
     /// Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
     ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::f64;
     ///

ctr-std/src/ffi/c_str.rs

@@ -404,9 +404,59 @@ impl CString {
     ///     let c_string = CString::from_raw(raw);
     /// }
     /// ```
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "horizon"))] 
     #[stable(feature = "cstr_memory", since = "1.4.0")]
     pub unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *mut c_char) -> CString {
-        let len = sys::strlen(ptr as *const _) + 1; // Including the NUL byte
+        let len = sys::strlen(ptr) + 1; // Including the NUL byte
+        let slice = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, len as usize);
+        CString { inner: Box::from_raw(slice as *mut [c_char] as *mut [u8]) }
+    }
+
+
+    /// Retakes ownership of a `CString` that was transferred to C via [`into_raw`].
+    ///
+    /// Additionally, the length of the string will be recalculated from the pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// This should only ever be called with a pointer that was earlier
+    /// obtained by calling [`into_raw`] on a `CString`. Other usage (e.g. trying to take
+    /// ownership of a string that was allocated by foreign code) is likely to lead
+    /// to undefined behavior or allocator corruption.
+    ///
+    /// > **Note:** If you need to borrow a string that was allocated by
+    /// > foreign code, use [`CStr`]. If you need to take ownership of
+    /// > a string that was allocated by foreign code, you will need to
+    /// > make your own provisions for freeing it appropriately, likely
+    /// > with the foreign code's API to do that.
+    ///
+    /// [`into_raw`]: #method.into_raw
+    /// [`CStr`]: struct.CStr.html
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// Create a `CString`, pass ownership to an `extern` function (via raw pointer), then retake
+    /// ownership with `from_raw`:
+    ///
+    /// ```ignore (extern-declaration)
+    /// use std::ffi::CString;
+    /// use std::os::raw::c_char;
+    ///
+    /// extern {
+    ///     fn some_extern_function(s: *mut c_char);
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// let c_string = CString::new("Hello!").unwrap();
+    /// let raw = c_string.into_raw();
+    /// unsafe {
+    ///     some_extern_function(raw);
+    ///     let c_string = CString::from_raw(raw);
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")] 
+    #[stable(feature = "cstr_memory", since = "1.4.0")]
+    pub unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *mut c_char) -> CString {
+        let len = sys::strlen(ptr as *const u8) + 1; // Including the NUL byte
         let slice = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, len as usize);
         CString { inner: Box::from_raw(slice as *mut [c_char] as *mut [u8]) }
     }
@@ -682,6 +732,14 @@ impl Borrow<CStr> for CString {
     fn borrow(&self) -> &CStr { self }
 }
 
+#[stable(feature = "cstring_from_cow_cstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<Cow<'a, CStr>> for CString {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: Cow<'a, CStr>) -> Self {
+        s.into_owned()
+    }
+}
+
 #[stable(feature = "box_from_c_str", since = "1.17.0")]
 impl<'a> From<&'a CStr> for Box<CStr> {
     fn from(s: &'a CStr) -> Box<CStr> {
@@ -706,6 +764,30 @@ impl From<CString> for Box<CStr> {
     }
 }
 
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_cstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<CString> for Cow<'a, CStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: CString) -> Cow<'a, CStr> {
+        Cow::Owned(s)
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_cstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<&'a CStr> for Cow<'a, CStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: &'a CStr) -> Cow<'a, CStr> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(s)
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_cstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<&'a CString> for Cow<'a, CStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: &'a CString) -> Cow<'a, CStr> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(s.as_c_str())
+    }
+}
+
 #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice2", since = "1.24.0")]
 impl From<CString> for Arc<CStr> {
     #[inline]
@@ -899,13 +981,56 @@ impl CStr {
     /// }
     /// # }
     /// ```
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "horizon"))] 
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub unsafe fn from_ptr<'a>(ptr: *const c_char) -> &'a CStr {
-        let len = sys::strlen(ptr as *const _);
+        let len = sys::strlen(ptr);
         let ptr = ptr as *const u8;
         CStr::from_bytes_with_nul_unchecked(slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, len as usize + 1))
     }
 
+    /// Wraps a raw C string with a safe C string wrapper.
+    ///
+    /// This function will wrap the provided `ptr` with a `CStr` wrapper, which
+    /// allows inspection and interoperation of non-owned C strings. This method
+    /// is unsafe for a number of reasons:
+    ///
+    /// * There is no guarantee to the validity of `ptr`.
+    /// * The returned lifetime is not guaranteed to be the actual lifetime of
+    ///   `ptr`.
+    /// * There is no guarantee that the memory pointed to by `ptr` contains a
+    ///   valid nul terminator byte at the end of the string.
+    /// * It is not guaranteed that the memory pointed by `ptr` won't change
+    ///   before the `CStr` has been destroyed.
+    ///
+    /// > **Note**: This operation is intended to be a 0-cost cast but it is
+    /// > currently implemented with an up-front calculation of the length of
+    /// > the string. This is not guaranteed to always be the case.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```ignore (extern-declaration)
+    /// # fn main() {
+    /// use std::ffi::CStr;
+    /// use std::os::raw::c_char;
+    ///
+    /// extern {
+    ///     fn my_string() -> *const c_char;
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// unsafe {
+    ///     let slice = CStr::from_ptr(my_string());
+    ///     println!("string returned: {}", slice.to_str().unwrap());
+    /// }
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")] 
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub unsafe fn from_ptr<'a>(ptr: *const c_char) -> &'a CStr {
+        let len = sys::strlen(ptr as *const u8);
+        let ptr = ptr as *const u8;
+        CStr::from_bytes_with_nul_unchecked(slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, len as usize + 1))
+    }
     /// Creates a C string wrapper from a byte slice.
     ///
     /// This function will cast the provided `bytes` to a `CStr`

ctr-std/src/ffi/os_str.rs

@@ -664,6 +664,38 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a OsStr> for Rc<OsStr> {
     }
 }
 
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_osstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<OsString> for Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: OsString) -> Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+        Cow::Owned(s)
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_osstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<&'a OsStr> for Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: &'a OsStr) -> Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(s)
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_osstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<&'a OsString> for Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: &'a OsString) -> Cow<'a, OsStr> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(s.as_os_str())
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "osstring_from_cow_osstr", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<Cow<'a, OsStr>> for OsString {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: Cow<'a, OsStr>) -> Self {
+        s.into_owned()
+    }
+}
+
 #[stable(feature = "box_default_extra", since = "1.17.0")]
 impl Default for Box<OsStr> {
     fn default() -> Box<OsStr> {

ctr-std/src/fs.rs

@@ -295,8 +295,6 @@ pub fn read<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```no_run
-/// #![feature(fs_read_write)]
-///
 /// use std::fs;
 /// use std::net::SocketAddr;
 ///
@@ -331,6 +329,7 @@ pub fn read_to_string<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<String> {
 ///
 /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
 ///     fs::write("foo.txt", b"Lorem ipsum")?;
+///     fs::write("bar.txt", "dolor sit")?;
 ///     Ok(())
 /// }
 /// ```
@@ -1699,8 +1698,8 @@ pub fn read_link<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
     fs_imp::readlink(path.as_ref())
 }
 
-/// Returns the canonical form of a path with all intermediate components
+/// Returns the canonical, absolute form of a path with all intermediate
-/// normalized and symbolic links resolved.
+/// components normalized and symbolic links resolved.
 ///
 /// # Platform-specific behavior
 ///
@@ -1708,7 +1707,14 @@ pub fn read_link<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
 /// and the `CreateFile` and `GetFinalPathNameByHandle` functions on Windows.
 /// Note that, this [may change in the future][changes].
 ///
+/// On Windows, this converts the path to use [extended length path][path]
+/// syntax, which allows your program to use longer path names, but means you
+/// can only join backslash-delimited paths to it, and it may be incompatible
+/// with other applications (if passed to the application on the command-line,
+/// or written to a file another application may read).
+///
 /// [changes]: ../io/index.html#platform-specific-behavior
+/// [path]: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365247(v=vs.85).aspx#maxpath
 ///
 /// # Errors
 ///

ctr-std/src/lib.rs

@@ -252,7 +252,6 @@
 #![feature(collections_range)]
 #![feature(compiler_builtins_lib)]
 #![feature(const_fn)]
-#![cfg_attr(stage0, feature(core_float))]
 #![feature(core_intrinsics)]
 #![feature(dropck_eyepatch)]
 #![feature(exact_size_is_empty)]
@@ -260,10 +259,9 @@
 #![feature(fs_read_write)]
 #![feature(fixed_size_array)]
 #![feature(float_from_str_radix)]
-#![cfg_attr(stage0, feature(float_internals))]
 #![feature(fn_traits)]
 #![feature(fnbox)]
-#![cfg_attr(stage0, feature(generic_param_attrs))]
+#![feature(futures_api)]
 #![feature(hashmap_internals)]
 #![feature(heap_api)]
 #![feature(int_error_internals)]
@@ -277,7 +275,6 @@
 #![feature(needs_panic_runtime)]
 #![feature(never_type)]
 #![feature(exhaustive_patterns)]
-#![feature(nonzero)]
 #![feature(num_bits_bytes)]
 #![feature(old_wrapping)]
 #![feature(on_unimplemented)]
@@ -286,6 +283,7 @@
 #![feature(panic_internals)]
 #![feature(panic_unwind)]
 #![feature(peek)]
+#![feature(pin)]
 #![feature(placement_new_protocol)]
 #![feature(prelude_import)]
 #![feature(ptr_internals)]
@@ -320,6 +318,10 @@
 #![cfg_attr(test, feature(update_panic_count))]
 #![cfg_attr(windows, feature(used))]
 #![feature(doc_alias)]
+#![feature(doc_keyword)]
+#![feature(float_internals)]
+#![feature(panic_info_message)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(stage0), feature(panic_implementation))]
 
 #![default_lib_allocator]
 
@@ -368,11 +370,6 @@ extern crate ctru_sys as libctru;
 #[allow(unused_extern_crates)]
 extern crate unwind;
 
-// compiler-rt intrinsics
-#[doc(masked)]
-#[cfg(stage0)]
-extern crate compiler_builtins;
-
 // During testing, this crate is not actually the "real" std library, but rather
 // it links to the real std library, which was compiled from this same source
 // code. So any lang items std defines are conditionally excluded (or else they
@@ -468,6 +465,20 @@ pub use core::u128;
 #[stable(feature = "core_hint", since = "1.27.0")]
 pub use core::hint;
 
+#[unstable(feature = "futures_api",
+           reason = "futures in libcore are unstable",
+           issue = "50547")]
+pub mod task {
+    //! Types and Traits for working with asynchronous tasks.
+    pub use core::task::*;
+    pub use alloc_crate::task::*;
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "futures_api",
+           reason = "futures in libcore are unstable",
+           issue = "50547")]
+pub use core::future;
+
 pub mod f32;
 pub mod f64;
 

ctr-std/src/macros.rs

@@ -364,7 +364,6 @@ pub mod builtin {
     ///
     /// let s = fmt::format(format_args!("hello {}", "world"));
     /// assert_eq!(s, format!("hello {}", "world"));
-    ///
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[macro_export]
@@ -390,6 +389,20 @@ pub mod builtin {
     /// let path: &'static str = env!("PATH");
     /// println!("the $PATH variable at the time of compiling was: {}", path);
     /// ```
+    ///
+    /// You can customize the error message by passing a string as the second
+    /// parameter:
+    ///
+    /// ```compile_fail
+    /// let doc: &'static str = env!("documentation", "what's that?!");
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// If the `documentation` environment variable is not defined, you'll get
+    /// the following error:
+    ///
+    /// ```text
+    /// error: what's that?!
+    /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     #[macro_export]
     macro_rules! env {

ctr-std/src/num.rs

@@ -21,12 +21,8 @@ pub use core::num::{FpCategory, ParseIntError, ParseFloatError, TryFromIntError}
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub use core::num::Wrapping;
 
-#[unstable(feature = "nonzero", issue = "49137")]
+#[stable(feature = "nonzero", since = "1.28.0")]
-#[allow(deprecated)]
+pub use core::num::{NonZeroU8, NonZeroU16, NonZeroU32, NonZeroU64, NonZeroU128, NonZeroUsize};
-pub use core::num::{
-    NonZeroU8, NonZeroI8, NonZeroU16, NonZeroI16, NonZeroU32, NonZeroI32,
-    NonZeroU64, NonZeroI64, NonZeroU128, NonZeroI128, NonZeroUsize, NonZeroIsize,
-};
 
 #[cfg(test)] use fmt;
 #[cfg(test)] use ops::{Add, Sub, Mul, Div, Rem};

ctr-std/src/os/horizon/fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+
+use libc;
+
+use fs::Metadata;
+use sys_common::AsInner;
+
+#[allow(deprecated)]
+use os::horizon::raw;
+
+/// OS-specific extensions to [`fs::Metadata`].
+///
+/// [`fs::Metadata`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.Metadata.html
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait MetadataExt {
+    /// Gain a reference to the underlying `stat` structure which contains
+    /// the raw information returned by the OS.
+    ///
+    /// The contents of the returned [`stat`] are **not** consistent across
+    /// Unix platforms. The `os::unix::fs::MetadataExt` trait contains the
+    /// cross-Unix abstractions contained within the raw stat.
+    ///
+    /// [`stat`]: ../../../../std/os/linux/raw/struct.stat.html
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let stat = meta.as_raw_stat();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    #[rustc_deprecated(since = "1.8.0",
+                       reason = "deprecated in favor of the accessor \
+                                 methods of this trait")]
+    #[allow(deprecated)]
+    fn as_raw_stat(&self) -> &raw::stat;
+
+    /// Returns the device ID on which this file resides.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_dev());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_dev(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the inode number.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_ino());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_ino(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the file type and mode.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_mode());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_mode(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the number of hard links to file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_nlink());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_nlink(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the user ID of the file owner.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_uid());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_uid(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the group ID of the file owner.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_gid());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_gid(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the device ID that this file represents. Only relevant for special file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_rdev());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_rdev(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the size of the file (if it is a regular file or a symbolic link) in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// The size of a symbolic link is the length of the pathname it contains,
+    /// without a terminating null byte.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_size());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_size(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the last access time.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_atime());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_atime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the last access time, nano seconds part.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_atime_nsec());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_atime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the last modification time.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_mtime());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_mtime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the last modification time, nano seconds part.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_mtime_nsec());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the last status change time.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_ctime());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_ctime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the last status change time, nano seconds part.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_ctime_nsec());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the "preferred" blocksize for efficient filesystem I/O.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_blksize());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_blksize(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the number of blocks allocated to the file, 512-byte units.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::linux::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     println!("{}", meta.st_blocks());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext2", since = "1.8.0")]
+    fn st_blocks(&self) -> u64;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl MetadataExt for Metadata {
+    #[allow(deprecated)]
+    fn as_raw_stat(&self) -> &raw::stat {
+        unsafe {
+            &*(self.as_inner().as_inner() as *const libc::stat
+                                          as *const raw::stat)
+        }
+    }
+    fn st_dev(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_dev as u64
+    }
+    fn st_ino(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ino as u64
+    }
+    fn st_mode(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mode as u32
+    }
+    fn st_nlink(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_nlink as u64
+    }
+    fn st_uid(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_uid as u32
+    }
+    fn st_gid(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_gid as u32
+    }
+    fn st_rdev(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_rdev as u64
+    }
+    fn st_size(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_size as u64
+    }
+    fn st_atime(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_atime as i64
+    }
+    fn st_atime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        //self.as_inner().as_inner().st_atime_nsec as i64
+        0i64
+    }
+    fn st_mtime(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mtime as i64
+    }
+    fn st_mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        //self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mtime_nsec as i64
+        0i64
+    }
+    fn st_ctime(&self) -> i64 {
+        //self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ctime as i64
+        0i64
+    }
+    fn st_ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        //self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ctime_nsec as i64
+        0i64
+    }
+    fn st_blksize(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_blksize as u64
+    }
+    fn st_blocks(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_blocks as u64
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/os/horizon/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Linux-specific definitions
+
+#![stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+
+pub mod raw;
+pub mod fs;

ctr-std/src/os/horizon/raw.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Linux-specific raw type definitions
+
+#![stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+#![rustc_deprecated(since = "1.8.0",
+                    reason = "these type aliases are no longer supported by \
+                              the standard library, the `libc` crate on \
+                              crates.io should be used instead for the correct \
+                              definitions")]
+#![allow(deprecated)]
+#![allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
+
+use os::raw::c_ulong;
+
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type dev_t = u64;
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type mode_t = u32;
+
+#[stable(feature = "pthread_t", since = "1.8.0")]
+pub type pthread_t = c_ulong;
+
+#[doc(inline)]
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub use self::arch::{off_t, ino_t, nlink_t, blksize_t, blkcnt_t, stat, time_t};
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86",
+          target_arch = "le32",
+          target_arch = "powerpc",
+          target_arch = "arm",
+          target_arch = "asmjs",
+          target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+mod arch {
+    use os::raw::{c_long, c_short, c_uint};
+
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blkcnt_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blksize_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type ino_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type nlink_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type off_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type time_t = i64;
+
+    #[repr(C)]
+    #[derive(Clone)]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    pub struct stat {
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_dev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __pad1: c_short,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __st_ino: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mode: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_nlink: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_uid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_gid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_rdev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __pad2: c_uint,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_size: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blksize: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blocks: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ino: u64,
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "mips")]
+mod arch {
+    use os::raw::{c_long, c_ulong};
+
+    #[cfg(target_env = "musl")]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blkcnt_t = i64;
+    #[cfg(not(target_env = "musl"))]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blkcnt_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blksize_t = u64;
+    #[cfg(target_env = "musl")]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type ino_t = u64;
+    #[cfg(not(target_env = "musl"))]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type ino_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type nlink_t = u64;
+    #[cfg(target_env = "musl")]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type off_t = u64;
+    #[cfg(not(target_env = "musl"))]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type off_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type time_t = i64;
+
+    #[repr(C)]
+    #[derive(Clone)]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    pub struct stat {
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_dev: c_ulong,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_pad1: [c_long; 3],
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ino: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mode: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_nlink: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_uid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_gid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_rdev: c_ulong,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_pad2: [c_long; 2],
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_size: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blksize: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blocks: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_pad5: [c_long; 14],
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "mips64",
+          target_arch = "s390x",
+          target_arch = "sparc64"))]
+mod arch {
+    pub use libc::{off_t, ino_t, nlink_t, blksize_t, blkcnt_t, stat, time_t};
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "aarch64")]
+mod arch {
+    use os::raw::{c_long, c_int};
+
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blkcnt_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blksize_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type ino_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type nlink_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type off_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type time_t = i64;
+
+    #[repr(C)]
+    #[derive(Clone)]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    pub struct stat {
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_dev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ino: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mode: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_nlink: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_uid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_gid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_rdev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __pad1: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_size: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blksize: i32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __pad2: c_int,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blocks: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __unused: [c_int; 2],
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86_64", target_arch = "powerpc64"))]
+mod arch {
+    use os::raw::{c_long, c_int};
+
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blkcnt_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type blksize_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type ino_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type nlink_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type off_t = u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type time_t = i64;
+
+    #[repr(C)]
+    #[derive(Clone)]
+    #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    pub struct stat {
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_dev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ino: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_nlink: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mode: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_uid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_gid: u32,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __pad0: c_int,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_rdev: u64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_size: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blksize: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_blocks: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_atime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_mtime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime: i64,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub st_ctime_nsec: c_long,
+        #[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+        pub __unused: [c_long; 3],
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/os/mod.rs

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ cfg_if! {
         #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]    pub mod solaris;
         #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")] pub mod emscripten;
         #[cfg(target_os = "fuchsia")]    pub mod fuchsia;
+        #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")]    pub mod horizon;
 
         #[cfg(any(target_os = "redox", unix))]
         #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]

ctr-std/src/panicking.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ static mut HOOK: Hook = Hook::Default;
 /// is invoked. As such, the hook will run with both the aborting and unwinding
 /// runtimes. The default hook prints a message to standard error and generates
 /// a backtrace if requested, but this behavior can be customized with the
-/// `set_hook` and `take_hook` functions.
+/// `set_hook` and [`take_hook`] functions.
+///
+/// [`take_hook`]: ./fn.take_hook.html
 ///
 /// The hook is provided with a `PanicInfo` struct which contains information
 /// about the origin of the panic, including the payload passed to `panic!` and
@@ -121,6 +123,10 @@ pub fn set_hook(hook: Box<Fn(&PanicInfo) + 'static + Sync + Send>) {
 
 /// Unregisters the current panic hook, returning it.
 ///
+/// *See also the function [`set_hook`].*
+///
+/// [`set_hook`]: ./fn.set_hook.html
+///
 /// If no custom hook is registered, the default hook will be returned.
 ///
 /// # Panics
@@ -217,7 +223,8 @@ fn default_hook(info: &PanicInfo) {
     }
 
     let write = |err: &mut ::io::Write| {
-        let _ = write!(err, "{}", error_text);
+        let _ = writeln!(err, "thread '{}' panicked at '{}', {}",
+                         name, msg, location);
 
         #[cfg(feature = "backtrace")]
         {
@@ -337,8 +344,8 @@ pub fn panicking() -> bool {
 
 /// Entry point of panic from the libcore crate.
 #[cfg(not(test))]
+#[cfg(stage0)]
 #[lang = "panic_fmt"]
-#[unwind(allowed)]
 pub extern fn rust_begin_panic(msg: fmt::Arguments,
                                file: &'static str,
                                line: u32,
@@ -346,38 +353,50 @@ pub extern fn rust_begin_panic(msg: fmt::Arguments,
     begin_panic_fmt(&msg, &(file, line, col))
 }
 
+/// Entry point of panic from the libcore crate.
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+#[cfg(not(stage0))]
+#[panic_implementation]
+#[unwind(allowed)]
+pub fn rust_begin_panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    continue_panic_fmt(&info)
+}
+
 /// The entry point for panicking with a formatted message.
 ///
 /// This is designed to reduce the amount of code required at the call
 /// site as much as possible (so that `panic!()` has as low an impact
 /// on (e.g.) the inlining of other functions as possible), by moving
 /// the actual formatting into this shared place.
+#[cfg(stage0)]
 #[unstable(feature = "libstd_sys_internals",
            reason = "used by the panic! macro",
            issue = "0")]
 #[inline(never)] #[cold]
 pub fn begin_panic_fmt(msg: &fmt::Arguments,
                        file_line_col: &(&'static str, u32, u32)) -> ! {
-    use fmt::Write;
-
     // We do two allocations here, unfortunately. But (a) they're
     // required with the current scheme, and (b) we don't handle
     // panic + OOM properly anyway (see comment in begin_panic
     // below).
 
     rust_panic_with_hook(&mut PanicPayload::new(msg), Some(msg), file_line_col);
+}
 
-    struct PanicPayload<'a> {
+// NOTE(stage0) move into `continue_panic_fmt` on next stage0 update
+struct PanicPayload<'a> {
     inner: &'a fmt::Arguments<'a>,
     string: Option<String>,
-    }
+}
 
-    impl<'a> PanicPayload<'a> {
+impl<'a> PanicPayload<'a> {
     fn new(inner: &'a fmt::Arguments<'a>) -> PanicPayload<'a> {
         PanicPayload { inner, string: None }
     }
 
     fn fill(&mut self) -> &mut String {
+        use fmt::Write;
+
         let inner = self.inner;
         self.string.get_or_insert_with(|| {
             let mut s = String::new();
@@ -385,9 +404,9 @@ pub fn begin_panic_fmt(msg: &fmt::Arguments,
             s
         })
     }
-    }
+}
 
-    unsafe impl<'a> BoxMeUp for PanicPayload<'a> {
+unsafe impl<'a> BoxMeUp for PanicPayload<'a> {
     fn box_me_up(&mut self) -> *mut (Any + Send) {
         let contents = mem::replace(self.fill(), String::new());
         Box::into_raw(Box::new(contents))
@@ -396,7 +415,43 @@ pub fn begin_panic_fmt(msg: &fmt::Arguments,
     fn get(&mut self) -> &(Any + Send) {
         self.fill()
     }
-    }
+}
+
+/// The entry point for panicking with a formatted message.
+///
+/// This is designed to reduce the amount of code required at the call
+/// site as much as possible (so that `panic!()` has as low an impact
+/// on (e.g.) the inlining of other functions as possible), by moving
+/// the actual formatting into this shared place.
+#[cfg(not(stage0))]
+#[unstable(feature = "libstd_sys_internals",
+           reason = "used by the panic! macro",
+           issue = "0")]
+#[inline(never)] #[cold]
+pub fn begin_panic_fmt(msg: &fmt::Arguments,
+                       file_line_col: &(&'static str, u32, u32)) -> ! {
+    let (file, line, col) = *file_line_col;
+    let info = PanicInfo::internal_constructor(
+        Some(msg),
+        Location::internal_constructor(file, line, col),
+    );
+    continue_panic_fmt(&info)
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(stage0))]
+fn continue_panic_fmt(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    // We do two allocations here, unfortunately. But (a) they're
+    // required with the current scheme, and (b) we don't handle
+    // panic + OOM properly anyway (see comment in begin_panic
+    // below).
+
+    let loc = info.location().unwrap(); // The current implementation always returns Some
+    let msg = info.message().unwrap(); // The current implementation always returns Some
+    let file_line_col = (loc.file(), loc.line(), loc.column());
+    rust_panic_with_hook(
+        &mut PanicPayload::new(msg),
+        info.message(),
+        &file_line_col);
 }
 
 /// This is the entry point of panicking for panic!() and assert!().
@@ -449,7 +504,7 @@ pub fn begin_panic<M: Any + Send>(msg: M, file_line_col: &(&'static str, u32, u3
 /// abort or unwind.
 fn rust_panic_with_hook(payload: &mut BoxMeUp,
                         message: Option<&fmt::Arguments>,
-                        file_line_col: &(&'static str, u32, u32)) -> ! {
+                        file_line_col: &(&str, u32, u32)) -> ! {
     let (file, line, col) = *file_line_col;
 
     let panics = update_panic_count(1);

ctr-std/src/path.rs

@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ impl<'a> Prefix<'a> {
         match *self {
             #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")]
             Verbatim(x) => 1 + os_str_len(x),
-            #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+            #[cfg(not(target_os = "horizon"))]
-            Verbatim(x) => 4 + os_str_len(x),
+            Verbatim(x) => 1 + os_str_len(x),
             VerbatimUNC(x, y) => {
                 8 + os_str_len(x) +
                 if os_str_len(y) > 0 {
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@ impl<P: AsRef<Path>> iter::Extend<P> for PathBuf {
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 impl fmt::Debug for PathBuf {
-    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         fmt::Debug::fmt(&**self, formatter)
     }
 }
@@ -1507,6 +1507,22 @@ impl<'a> From<PathBuf> for Cow<'a, Path> {
     }
 }
 
+#[stable(feature = "cow_from_pathbuf_ref", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<&'a PathBuf> for Cow<'a, Path> {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(p: &'a PathBuf) -> Cow<'a, Path> {
+        Cow::Borrowed(p.as_path())
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "pathbuf_from_cow_path", since = "1.28.0")]
+impl<'a> From<Cow<'a, Path>> for PathBuf {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(p: Cow<'a, Path>) -> Self {
+        p.into_owned()
+    }
+}
+
 #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice2", since = "1.24.0")]
 impl From<PathBuf> for Arc<Path> {
     #[inline]
@@ -2287,8 +2303,8 @@ impl Path {
         fs::symlink_metadata(self)
     }
 
-    /// Returns the canonical form of the path with all intermediate components
+    /// Returns the canonical, absolute form of the path with all intermediate
-    /// normalized and symbolic links resolved.
+    /// components normalized and symbolic links resolved.
     ///
     /// This is an alias to [`fs::canonicalize`].
     ///

ctr-std/src/primitive_docs.rs

@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ mod prim_bool { }
 ///
 /// # `!` and generics
 ///
+/// ## Infallible errors
+///
 /// The main place you'll see `!` used explicitly is in generic code. Consider the [`FromStr`]
 /// trait:
 ///
@@ -144,9 +146,60 @@ mod prim_bool { }
 /// [`Ok`] variant. This illustrates another behaviour of `!` - it can be used to "delete" certain
 /// enum variants from generic types like `Result`.
 ///
+/// ## Infinite loops
+///
+/// While [`Result<T, !>`] is very useful for removing errors, `!` can also be used to remove
+/// successes as well. If we think of [`Result<T, !>`] as "if this function returns, it has not
+/// errored," we get a very intuitive idea of [`Result<!, E>`] as well: if the function returns, it
+/// *has* errored.
+///
+/// For example, consider the case of a simple web server, which can be simplified to:
+///
+/// ```ignore (hypothetical-example)
+/// loop {
+///     let (client, request) = get_request().expect("disconnected");
+///     let response = request.process();
+///     response.send(client);
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Currently, this isn't ideal, because we simply panic whenever we fail to get a new connection.
+/// Instead, we'd like to keep track of this error, like this:
+///
+/// ```ignore (hypothetical-example)
+/// loop {
+///     match get_request() {
+///         Err(err) => break err,
+///         Ok((client, request)) => {
+///             let response = request.process();
+///             response.send(client);
+///         },
+///     }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Now, when the server disconnects, we exit the loop with an error instead of panicking. While it
+/// might be intuitive to simply return the error, we might want to wrap it in a [`Result<!, E>`]
+/// instead:
+///
+/// ```ignore (hypothetical-example)
+/// fn server_loop() -> Result<!, ConnectionError> {
+///     loop {
+///         let (client, request) = get_request()?;
+///         let response = request.process();
+///         response.send(client);
+///     }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Now, we can use `?` instead of `match`, and the return type makes a lot more sense: if the loop
+/// ever stops, it means that an error occurred. We don't even have to wrap the loop in an `Ok`
+/// because `!` coerces to `Result<!, ConnectionError>` automatically.
+///
 /// [`String::from_str`]: str/trait.FromStr.html#tymethod.from_str
 /// [`Result<String, !>`]: result/enum.Result.html
 /// [`Result<T, !>`]: result/enum.Result.html
+/// [`Result<!, E>`]: result/enum.Result.html
 /// [`Ok`]: result/enum.Result.html#variant.Ok
 /// [`String`]: string/struct.String.html
 /// [`Err`]: result/enum.Result.html#variant.Err
@@ -317,6 +370,8 @@ mod prim_unit { }
 //
 /// Raw, unsafe pointers, `*const T`, and `*mut T`.
 ///
+/// *[See also the `std::ptr` module](ptr/index.html).*
+///
 /// Working with raw pointers in Rust is uncommon,
 /// typically limited to a few patterns.
 ///
@@ -391,8 +446,6 @@ mod prim_unit { }
 /// but C APIs hand out a lot of pointers generally, so are a common source
 /// of raw pointers in Rust.
 ///
-/// *[See also the `std::ptr` module](ptr/index.html).*
-///
 /// [`null`]: ../std/ptr/fn.null.html
 /// [`null_mut`]: ../std/ptr/fn.null_mut.html
 /// [`is_null`]: ../std/primitive.pointer.html#method.is_null
@@ -510,6 +563,8 @@ mod prim_array { }
 //
 /// A dynamically-sized view into a contiguous sequence, `[T]`.
 ///
+/// *[See also the `std::slice` module](slice/index.html).*
+///
 /// Slices are a view into a block of memory represented as a pointer and a
 /// length.
 ///
@@ -532,8 +587,6 @@ mod prim_array { }
 /// assert_eq!(x, &[1, 7, 3]);
 /// ```
 ///
-/// *[See also the `std::slice` module](slice/index.html).*
-///
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 mod prim_slice { }
 
@@ -541,15 +594,13 @@ mod prim_slice { }
 //
 /// String slices.
 ///
+/// *[See also the `std::str` module](str/index.html).*
+///
 /// The `str` type, also called a 'string slice', is the most primitive string
 /// type. It is usually seen in its borrowed form, `&str`. It is also the type
 /// of string literals, `&'static str`.
 ///
-/// Strings slices are always valid UTF-8.
+/// String slices are always valid UTF-8.
-///
-/// This documentation describes a number of methods and trait implementations
-/// on the `str` type. For technical reasons, there is additional, separate
-/// documentation in the [`std::str`](str/index.html) module as well.
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
@@ -809,11 +860,11 @@ mod prim_u128 { }
 //
 /// The pointer-sized signed integer type.
 ///
+/// *[See also the `std::isize` module](isize/index.html).*
+///
 /// The size of this primitive is how many bytes it takes to reference any
 /// location in memory. For example, on a 32 bit target, this is 4 bytes
 /// and on a 64 bit target, this is 8 bytes.
-///
-/// *[See also the `std::isize` module](isize/index.html).*
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 mod prim_isize { }
 
@@ -821,11 +872,11 @@ mod prim_isize { }
 //
 /// The pointer-sized unsigned integer type.
 ///
+/// *[See also the `std::usize` module](usize/index.html).*
+///
 /// The size of this primitive is how many bytes it takes to reference any
 /// location in memory. For example, on a 32 bit target, this is 4 bytes
 /// and on a 64 bit target, this is 8 bytes.
-///
-/// *[See also the `std::usize` module](usize/index.html).*
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 mod prim_usize { }
 

ctr-std/src/process.rs

@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for ExitStatus {
 /// [RFC #1937]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1937
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 #[unstable(feature = "process_exitcode_placeholder", issue = "48711")]
-pub struct ExitCode(imp::ExitCode);
+pub struct ExitCode(pub u8);
 
 #[unstable(feature = "process_exitcode_placeholder", issue = "48711")]
 impl ExitCode {
@@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@ impl ExitCode {
     /// termination, so there's no need to return this from `main` unless
     /// you're also returning other possible codes.
     #[unstable(feature = "process_exitcode_placeholder", issue = "48711")]
-    pub const SUCCESS: ExitCode = ExitCode(imp::ExitCode::SUCCESS);
+    pub const SUCCESS: ExitCode = ExitCode(0 as _);
 
     /// The canonical ExitCode for unsuccessful termination on this platform.
     ///
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ impl ExitCode {
     /// instead returning `Err(_)` and `Ok(())` respectively, which will
     /// return the same codes (but will also `eprintln!` the error).
     #[unstable(feature = "process_exitcode_placeholder", issue = "48711")]
-    pub const FAILURE: ExitCode = ExitCode(imp::ExitCode::FAILURE);
+    pub const FAILURE: ExitCode = ExitCode(-1 as _);
 }
 
 impl Child {
@@ -1493,7 +1493,7 @@ impl<E: fmt::Debug> Termination for Result<!, E> {
 impl Termination for ExitCode {
     #[inline]
     fn report(self) -> i32 {
-        self.0.as_i32()
+        self.0 as i32
     }
 }
 

ctr-std/src/sync/mutex.rs

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send> Sync for Mutex<T> { }
 /// [`lock`]: struct.Mutex.html#method.lock
 /// [`try_lock`]: struct.Mutex.html#method.try_lock
 /// [`Mutex`]: struct.Mutex.html
-#[must_use]
+#[must_use = "if unused the Mutex will immediately unlock"]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct MutexGuard<'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> {
     // funny underscores due to how Deref/DerefMut currently work (they

ctr-std/src/sync/once.rs

@@ -73,16 +73,17 @@ use thread::{self, Thread};
 /// A synchronization primitive which can be used to run a one-time global
 /// initialization. Useful for one-time initialization for FFI or related
 /// functionality. This type can only be constructed with the [`ONCE_INIT`]
-/// value.
+/// value or the equivalent [`Once::new`] constructor.
 ///
 /// [`ONCE_INIT`]: constant.ONCE_INIT.html
+/// [`Once::new`]: struct.Once.html#method.new
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```
-/// use std::sync::{Once, ONCE_INIT};
+/// use std::sync::Once;
 ///
-/// static START: Once = ONCE_INIT;
+/// static START: Once = Once::new();
 ///
 /// START.call_once(|| {
 ///     // run initialization here
@@ -180,10 +181,10 @@ impl Once {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// use std::sync::{Once, ONCE_INIT};
+    /// use std::sync::Once;
     ///
     /// static mut VAL: usize = 0;
-    /// static INIT: Once = ONCE_INIT;
+    /// static INIT: Once = Once::new();
     ///
     /// // Accessing a `static mut` is unsafe much of the time, but if we do so
     /// // in a synchronized fashion (e.g. write once or read all) then we're
@@ -248,10 +249,10 @@ impl Once {
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(once_poison)]
     ///
-    /// use std::sync::{Once, ONCE_INIT};
+    /// use std::sync::Once;
     /// use std::thread;
     ///
-    /// static INIT: Once = ONCE_INIT;
+    /// static INIT: Once = Once::new();
     ///
     /// // poison the once
     /// let handle = thread::spawn(|| {
@@ -431,10 +432,10 @@ impl OnceState {
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(once_poison)]
     ///
-    /// use std::sync::{Once, ONCE_INIT};
+    /// use std::sync::Once;
     /// use std::thread;
     ///
-    /// static INIT: Once = ONCE_INIT;
+    /// static INIT: Once = Once::new();
     ///
     /// // poison the once
     /// let handle = thread::spawn(|| {
@@ -452,9 +453,9 @@ impl OnceState {
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(once_poison)]
     ///
-    /// use std::sync::{Once, ONCE_INIT};
+    /// use std::sync::Once;
     ///
-    /// static INIT: Once = ONCE_INIT;
+    /// static INIT: Once = Once::new();
     ///
     /// INIT.call_once_force(|state| {
     ///     assert!(!state.poisoned());

ctr-std/src/sync/rwlock.rs

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Send + Sync> Sync for RwLock<T> {}
 /// [`read`]: struct.RwLock.html#method.read
 /// [`try_read`]: struct.RwLock.html#method.try_read
 /// [`RwLock`]: struct.RwLock.html
-#[must_use]
+#[must_use = "if unused the RwLock will immediately unlock"]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct RwLockReadGuard<'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> {
     __lock: &'a RwLock<T>,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ unsafe impl<'a, T: ?Sized + Sync> Sync for RwLockReadGuard<'a, T> {}
 /// [`write`]: struct.RwLock.html#method.write
 /// [`try_write`]: struct.RwLock.html#method.try_write
 /// [`RwLock`]: struct.RwLock.html
-#[must_use]
+#[must_use = "if unused the RwLock will immediately unlock"]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub struct RwLockWriteGuard<'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> {
     __lock: &'a RwLock<T>,

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/abi/bitflags.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Nuxi (https://nuxi.nl/) and contributors.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+// are met:
+// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+//    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+// DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+// OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+// HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+// LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+// OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+// SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+// Appease Rust's tidy.
+// ignore-license
+
+#[cfg(feature = "bitflags")]
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate bitflags;
+
+// Minimal implementation of bitflags! in case we can't depend on the bitflags
+// crate. Only implements `bits()` and a `from_bits_truncate()` that doesn't
+// actually truncate.
+#[cfg(not(feature = "bitflags"))]
+macro_rules! bitflags {
+  (
+    $(#[$attr:meta])*
+    pub struct $name:ident: $type:ty {
+      $($(#[$const_attr:meta])* const $const:ident = $val:expr;)*
+    }
+  ) => {
+    $(#[$attr])*
+    #[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Debug)]
+    pub struct $name { bits: $type }
+    impl $name {
+      $($(#[$const_attr])* pub const $const: $name = $name{ bits: $val };)*
+      pub fn bits(&self) -> $type { self.bits }
+      pub fn from_bits_truncate(bits: $type) -> Self { $name{ bits } }
+    }
+  }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/abi/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#[allow(warnings)]
+mod cloudabi;
+pub use self::cloudabi::*;

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/args.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+pub use sys::cloudabi::shims::args::*;
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn init(_: isize, _: *const *const u8) {}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn cleanup() {}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/backtrace.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use error::Error;
+use ffi::CStr;
+use intrinsics;
+use io;
+use libc;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+use unwind as uw;
+
+pub struct BacktraceContext;
+
+struct Context<'a> {
+    idx: usize,
+    frames: &'a mut [Frame],
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct UnwindError(uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code);
+
+impl Error for UnwindError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "unexpected return value while unwinding"
+    }
+}
+
+impl ::fmt::Display for UnwindError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::fmt::Formatter) -> ::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}: {:?}", self.description(), self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)] // if we know this is a function call, we can skip it when
+                 // tracing
+pub fn unwind_backtrace(frames: &mut [Frame]) -> io::Result<(usize, BacktraceContext)> {
+    let mut cx = Context { idx: 0, frames };
+    let result_unwind =
+        unsafe { uw::_Unwind_Backtrace(trace_fn, &mut cx as *mut Context as *mut libc::c_void) };
+    // See libunwind:src/unwind/Backtrace.c for the return values.
+    // No, there is no doc.
+    match result_unwind {
+        // These return codes seem to be benign and need to be ignored for backtraces
+        // to show up properly on all tested platforms.
+        uw::_URC_END_OF_STACK | uw::_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR | uw::_URC_FAILURE => {
+            Ok((cx.idx, BacktraceContext))
+        }
+        _ => Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::Other,
+            UnwindError(result_unwind),
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" fn trace_fn(
+    ctx: *mut uw::_Unwind_Context,
+    arg: *mut libc::c_void,
+) -> uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code {
+    let cx = unsafe { &mut *(arg as *mut Context) };
+    let mut ip_before_insn = 0;
+    let mut ip = unsafe { uw::_Unwind_GetIPInfo(ctx, &mut ip_before_insn) as *mut libc::c_void };
+    if !ip.is_null() && ip_before_insn == 0 {
+        // this is a non-signaling frame, so `ip` refers to the address
+        // after the calling instruction. account for that.
+        ip = (ip as usize - 1) as *mut _;
+    }
+
+    let symaddr = unsafe { uw::_Unwind_FindEnclosingFunction(ip) };
+    if cx.idx < cx.frames.len() {
+        cx.frames[cx.idx] = Frame {
+            symbol_addr: symaddr as *mut u8,
+            exact_position: ip as *mut u8,
+            inline_context: 0,
+        };
+        cx.idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    uw::_URC_NO_REASON
+}
+
+pub fn foreach_symbol_fileline<F>(_: Frame, _: F, _: &BacktraceContext) -> io::Result<bool>
+where
+    F: FnMut(&[u8], u32) -> io::Result<()>,
+{
+    // No way to obtain this information on CloudABI.
+    Ok(false)
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_symname<F>(frame: Frame, callback: F, _: &BacktraceContext) -> io::Result<()>
+where
+    F: FnOnce(Option<&str>) -> io::Result<()>,
+{
+    unsafe {
+        let mut info: Dl_info = intrinsics::init();
+        let symname =
+            if dladdr(frame.exact_position as *mut _, &mut info) == 0 || info.dli_sname.is_null() {
+                None
+            } else {
+                CStr::from_ptr(info.dli_sname).to_str().ok()
+            };
+        callback(symname)
+    }
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+struct Dl_info {
+    dli_fname: *const libc::c_char,
+    dli_fbase: *mut libc::c_void,
+    dli_sname: *const libc::c_char,
+    dli_saddr: *mut libc::c_void,
+}
+
+extern "C" {
+    fn dladdr(addr: *const libc::c_void, info: *mut Dl_info) -> libc::c_int;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/condvar.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+use sys::mutex::{self, Mutex};
+use sys::time::dur2intervals;
+use time::Duration;
+
+extern "C" {
+    #[thread_local]
+    static __pthread_thread_id: abi::tid;
+}
+
+pub struct Condvar {
+    condvar: UnsafeCell<AtomicU32>,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for Condvar {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Condvar {}
+
+impl Condvar {
+    pub const fn new() -> Condvar {
+        Condvar {
+            condvar: UnsafeCell::new(AtomicU32::new(abi::CONDVAR_HAS_NO_WAITERS.0)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn init(&mut self) {}
+
+    pub unsafe fn notify_one(&self) {
+        let condvar = self.condvar.get();
+        if (*condvar).load(Ordering::Relaxed) != abi::CONDVAR_HAS_NO_WAITERS.0 {
+            let ret = abi::condvar_signal(condvar as *mut abi::condvar, abi::scope::PRIVATE, 1);
+            assert_eq!(
+                ret,
+                abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+                "Failed to signal on condition variable"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn notify_all(&self) {
+        let condvar = self.condvar.get();
+        if (*condvar).load(Ordering::Relaxed) != abi::CONDVAR_HAS_NO_WAITERS.0 {
+            let ret = abi::condvar_signal(
+                condvar as *mut abi::condvar,
+                abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                abi::nthreads::max_value(),
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                ret,
+                abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+                "Failed to broadcast on condition variable"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn wait(&self, mutex: &Mutex) {
+        let mutex = mutex::raw(mutex);
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*mutex).load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            "This lock is not write-locked by this thread"
+        );
+
+        // Call into the kernel to wait on the condition variable.
+        let condvar = self.condvar.get();
+        let subscription = abi::subscription {
+            type_: abi::eventtype::CONDVAR,
+            union: abi::subscription_union {
+                condvar: abi::subscription_condvar {
+                    condvar: condvar as *mut abi::condvar,
+                    condvar_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                    lock: mutex as *mut abi::lock,
+                    lock_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                },
+            },
+            ..mem::zeroed()
+        };
+        let mut event: abi::event = mem::uninitialized();
+        let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+        let ret = abi::poll(&subscription, &mut event, 1, &mut nevents);
+        assert_eq!(
+            ret,
+            abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+            "Failed to wait on condition variable"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            event.error,
+            abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+            "Failed to wait on condition variable"
+        );
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn wait_timeout(&self, mutex: &Mutex, dur: Duration) -> bool {
+        let mutex = mutex::raw(mutex);
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*mutex).load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            "This lock is not write-locked by this thread"
+        );
+
+        // Call into the kernel to wait on the condition variable.
+        let condvar = self.condvar.get();
+        let subscriptions = [
+            abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::CONDVAR,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    condvar: abi::subscription_condvar {
+                        condvar: condvar as *mut abi::condvar,
+                        condvar_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                        lock: mutex as *mut abi::lock,
+                        lock_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            },
+            abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::CLOCK,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    clock: abi::subscription_clock {
+                        clock_id: abi::clockid::MONOTONIC,
+                        timeout: dur2intervals(&dur),
+                        ..mem::zeroed()
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            },
+        ];
+        let mut events: [abi::event; 2] = mem::uninitialized();
+        let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+        let ret = abi::poll(subscriptions.as_ptr(), events.as_mut_ptr(), 2, &mut nevents);
+        assert_eq!(
+            ret,
+            abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+            "Failed to wait on condition variable"
+        );
+        for i in 0..nevents {
+            assert_eq!(
+                events[i].error,
+                abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+                "Failed to wait on condition variable"
+            );
+            if events[i].type_ == abi::eventtype::CONDVAR {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        false
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        let condvar = self.condvar.get();
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*condvar).load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            abi::CONDVAR_HAS_NO_WAITERS.0,
+            "Attempted to destroy a condition variable with blocked threads"
+        );
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+use libc;
+use mem;
+
+pub mod args;
+#[cfg(feature = "backtrace")]
+pub mod backtrace;
+#[path = "../unix/cmath.rs"]
+pub mod cmath;
+pub mod condvar;
+#[path = "../unix/memchr.rs"]
+pub mod memchr;
+pub mod mutex;
+pub mod os;
+#[path = "../unix/os_str.rs"]
+pub mod os_str;
+pub mod rwlock;
+pub mod stack_overflow;
+pub mod stdio;
+pub mod thread;
+#[path = "../unix/thread_local.rs"]
+pub mod thread_local;
+pub mod time;
+
+mod abi;
+
+mod shims;
+pub use self::shims::*;
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn init() {}
+
+pub fn decode_error_kind(errno: i32) -> io::ErrorKind {
+    match errno {
+        x if x == abi::errno::ACCES as i32 => io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied,
+        x if x == abi::errno::ADDRINUSE as i32 => io::ErrorKind::AddrInUse,
+        x if x == abi::errno::ADDRNOTAVAIL as i32 => io::ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable,
+        x if x == abi::errno::AGAIN as i32 => io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock,
+        x if x == abi::errno::CONNABORTED as i32 => io::ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted,
+        x if x == abi::errno::CONNREFUSED as i32 => io::ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused,
+        x if x == abi::errno::CONNRESET as i32 => io::ErrorKind::ConnectionReset,
+        x if x == abi::errno::EXIST as i32 => io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists,
+        x if x == abi::errno::INTR as i32 => io::ErrorKind::Interrupted,
+        x if x == abi::errno::INVAL as i32 => io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+        x if x == abi::errno::NOENT as i32 => io::ErrorKind::NotFound,
+        x if x == abi::errno::NOTCONN as i32 => io::ErrorKind::NotConnected,
+        x if x == abi::errno::PERM as i32 => io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied,
+        x if x == abi::errno::PIPE as i32 => io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe,
+        x if x == abi::errno::TIMEDOUT as i32 => io::ErrorKind::TimedOut,
+        _ => io::ErrorKind::Other,
+    }
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn abort_internal() -> ! {
+    ::core::intrinsics::abort();
+}
+
+pub use libc::strlen;
+
+pub fn hashmap_random_keys() -> (u64, u64) {
+    unsafe {
+        let mut v = mem::uninitialized();
+        libc::arc4random_buf(&mut v as *mut _ as *mut libc::c_void, mem::size_of_val(&v));
+        v
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/mutex.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+use sys::rwlock::{self, RWLock};
+
+extern "C" {
+    #[thread_local]
+    static __pthread_thread_id: abi::tid;
+}
+
+// Implement Mutex using an RWLock. This doesn't introduce any
+// performance overhead in this environment, as the operations would be
+// implemented identically.
+pub struct Mutex(RWLock);
+
+pub unsafe fn raw(m: &Mutex) -> *mut AtomicU32 {
+    rwlock::raw(&m.0)
+}
+
+impl Mutex {
+    pub const fn new() -> Mutex {
+        Mutex(RWLock::new())
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn init(&mut self) {
+        // This function should normally reinitialize the mutex after
+        // moving it to a different memory address. This implementation
+        // does not require adjustments after moving.
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn try_lock(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.try_write()
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn lock(&self) {
+        self.0.write()
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn unlock(&self) {
+        self.0.write_unlock()
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        self.0.destroy()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ReentrantMutex {
+    lock: UnsafeCell<AtomicU32>,
+    recursion: UnsafeCell<u32>,
+}
+
+impl ReentrantMutex {
+    pub unsafe fn uninitialized() -> ReentrantMutex {
+        mem::uninitialized()
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn init(&mut self) {
+        self.lock = UnsafeCell::new(AtomicU32::new(abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0));
+        self.recursion = UnsafeCell::new(0);
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn try_lock(&self) -> bool {
+        // Attempt to acquire the lock.
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        let recursion = self.recursion.get();
+        if let Err(old) = (*lock).compare_exchange(
+            abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            Ordering::Acquire,
+            Ordering::Relaxed,
+        ) {
+            // If we fail to acquire the lock, it may be the case
+            // that we've already acquired it and may need to recurse.
+            if old & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0 == __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0 {
+                *recursion += 1;
+                true
+            } else {
+                false
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Success.
+            assert_eq!(*recursion, 0, "Mutex has invalid recursion count");
+            true
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn lock(&self) {
+        if !self.try_lock() {
+            // Call into the kernel to acquire a write lock.
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+            let subscription = abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::LOCK_WRLOCK,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    lock: abi::subscription_lock {
+                        lock: lock as *mut abi::lock,
+                        lock_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            };
+            let mut event: abi::event = mem::uninitialized();
+            let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::poll(&subscription, &mut event, 1, &mut nevents);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to acquire mutex");
+            assert_eq!(event.error, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to acquire mutex");
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn unlock(&self) {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        let recursion = self.recursion.get();
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*lock).load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            "This mutex is locked by a different thread"
+        );
+
+        if *recursion > 0 {
+            *recursion -= 1;
+        } else if !(*lock)
+            .compare_exchange(
+                __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+                abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+                Ordering::Release,
+                Ordering::Relaxed,
+            )
+            .is_ok()
+        {
+            // Lock is managed by kernelspace. Call into the kernel
+            // to unblock waiting threads.
+            let ret = abi::lock_unlock(lock as *mut abi::lock, abi::scope::PRIVATE);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to unlock a mutex");
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        let recursion = self.recursion.get();
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*lock).load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+            "Attempted to destroy locked mutex"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(*recursion, 0, "Recursion counter invalid");
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/os.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::CStr;
+use libc::{self, c_int};
+use str;
+
+pub use sys::cloudabi::shims::os::*;
+
+pub fn errno() -> i32 {
+    extern "C" {
+        #[thread_local]
+        static errno: c_int;
+    }
+
+    unsafe { errno as i32 }
+}
+
+/// Gets a detailed string description for the given error number.
+pub fn error_string(errno: i32) -> String {
+    // cloudlibc's strerror() is guaranteed to be thread-safe. There is
+    // thus no need to use strerror_r().
+    str::from_utf8(unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(libc::strerror(errno)) }.to_bytes())
+        .unwrap()
+        .to_owned()
+}
+
+pub fn exit(code: i32) -> ! {
+    unsafe { libc::exit(code as c_int) }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/rwlock.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+
+extern "C" {
+    #[thread_local]
+    static __pthread_thread_id: abi::tid;
+}
+
+#[thread_local]
+static mut RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED: u32 = 0;
+
+pub struct RWLock {
+    lock: UnsafeCell<AtomicU32>,
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn raw(r: &RWLock) -> *mut AtomicU32 {
+    r.lock.get()
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for RWLock {}
+unsafe impl Sync for RWLock {}
+
+impl RWLock {
+    pub const fn new() -> RWLock {
+        RWLock {
+            lock: UnsafeCell::new(AtomicU32::new(abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn try_read(&self) -> bool {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        let mut old = abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0;
+        while let Err(cur) =
+            (*lock).compare_exchange_weak(old, old + 1, Ordering::Acquire, Ordering::Relaxed)
+        {
+            if (cur & abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0) != 0 {
+                // Another thread already has a write lock.
+                assert_ne!(
+                    old & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+                    __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+                    "Attempted to acquire a read lock while holding a write lock"
+                );
+                return false;
+            } else if (old & abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0) != 0 && RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED == 0 {
+                // Lock has threads waiting for the lock. Only acquire
+                // the lock if we have already acquired read locks. In
+                // that case, it is justified to acquire this lock to
+                // prevent a deadlock.
+                return false;
+            }
+            old = cur;
+        }
+
+        RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED += 1;
+        true
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn read(&self) {
+        if !self.try_read() {
+            // Call into the kernel to acquire a read lock.
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+            let subscription = abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::LOCK_RDLOCK,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    lock: abi::subscription_lock {
+                        lock: lock as *mut abi::lock,
+                        lock_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            };
+            let mut event: abi::event = mem::uninitialized();
+            let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::poll(&subscription, &mut event, 1, &mut nevents);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to acquire read lock");
+            assert_eq!(
+                event.error,
+                abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+                "Failed to acquire read lock"
+            );
+
+            RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn read_unlock(&self) {
+        // Perform a read unlock. We can do this in userspace, except when
+        // other threads are blocked and we are performing the last unlock.
+        // In that case, call into the kernel.
+        //
+        // Other threads may attempt to increment the read lock count,
+        // meaning that the call into the kernel could be spurious. To
+        // prevent this from happening, upgrade to a write lock first. This
+        // allows us to call into the kernel, having the guarantee that the
+        // lock value will not change in the meantime.
+        assert!(RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED > 0, "Bad lock count");
+        let mut old = 1;
+        loop {
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+            if old == 1 | abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0 {
+                // Last read lock while threads are waiting. Attempt to upgrade
+                // to a write lock before calling into the kernel to unlock.
+                if let Err(cur) = (*lock).compare_exchange_weak(
+                    old,
+                    __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0 | abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+                    Ordering::Acquire,
+                    Ordering::Relaxed,
+                ) {
+                    old = cur;
+                } else {
+                    // Call into the kernel to unlock.
+                    let ret = abi::lock_unlock(lock as *mut abi::lock, abi::scope::PRIVATE);
+                    assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to write unlock a rwlock");
+                    break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // No threads waiting or not the last read lock. Just decrement
+                // the read lock count.
+                assert_ne!(
+                    old & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+                    0,
+                    "This rwlock is not locked"
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    old & abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+                    0,
+                    "Attempted to read-unlock a write-locked rwlock"
+                );
+                if let Err(cur) = (*lock).compare_exchange_weak(
+                    old,
+                    old - 1,
+                    Ordering::Acquire,
+                    Ordering::Relaxed,
+                ) {
+                    old = cur;
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        RDLOCKS_ACQUIRED -= 1;
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn try_write(&self) -> bool {
+        // Attempt to acquire the lock.
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        if let Err(old) = (*lock).compare_exchange(
+            abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            Ordering::Acquire,
+            Ordering::Relaxed,
+        ) {
+            // Failure. Crash upon recursive acquisition.
+            assert_ne!(
+                old & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+                __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+                "Attempted to recursive write-lock a rwlock",
+            );
+            false
+        } else {
+            // Success.
+            true
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn write(&self) {
+        if !self.try_write() {
+            // Call into the kernel to acquire a write lock.
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+            let subscription = abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::LOCK_WRLOCK,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    lock: abi::subscription_lock {
+                        lock: lock as *mut abi::lock,
+                        lock_scope: abi::scope::PRIVATE,
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            };
+            let mut event: abi::event = mem::uninitialized();
+            let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::poll(&subscription, &mut event, 1, &mut nevents);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to acquire write lock");
+            assert_eq!(
+                event.error,
+                abi::errno::SUCCESS,
+                "Failed to acquire write lock"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn write_unlock(&self) {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*lock).load(Ordering::Relaxed) & !abi::LOCK_KERNEL_MANAGED.0,
+            __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+            "This rwlock is not write-locked by this thread"
+        );
+
+        if !(*lock)
+            .compare_exchange(
+                __pthread_thread_id.0 | abi::LOCK_WRLOCKED.0,
+                abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+                Ordering::Release,
+                Ordering::Relaxed,
+            )
+            .is_ok()
+        {
+            // Lock is managed by kernelspace. Call into the kernel
+            // to unblock waiting threads.
+            let ret = abi::lock_unlock(lock as *mut abi::lock, abi::scope::PRIVATE);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS, "Failed to write unlock a rwlock");
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        assert_eq!(
+            (*lock).load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+            abi::LOCK_UNLOCKED.0,
+            "Attempted to destroy locked rwlock"
+        );
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/args.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::OsString;
+
+pub struct Args(());
+
+impl Args {
+    pub fn inner_debug(&self) -> &[OsString] {
+        &[]
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for Args {
+    type Item = OsString;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {
+        None
+    }
+    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
+        (0, Some(0))
+    }
+}
+
+impl ExactSizeIterator for Args {
+    fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        0
+    }
+}
+
+impl DoubleEndedIterator for Args {
+    fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn args() -> Args {
+    Args(())
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/env.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "cloudabi";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "cloudabi";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::OsString;
+use fmt;
+use hash::{Hash, Hasher};
+use io::{self, SeekFrom};
+use path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use sys::time::SystemTime;
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+
+pub struct File(Void);
+
+pub struct FileAttr(Void);
+
+pub struct ReadDir(Void);
+
+pub struct DirEntry(Void);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OpenOptions {}
+
+pub struct FilePermissions(Void);
+
+pub struct FileType(Void);
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct DirBuilder {}
+
+impl FileAttr {
+    pub fn size(&self) -> u64 {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn perm(&self) -> FilePermissions {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_type(&self) -> FileType {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn modified(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn accessed(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn created(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Clone for FileAttr {
+    fn clone(&self) -> FileAttr {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl FilePermissions {
+    pub fn readonly(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_readonly(&mut self, _readonly: bool) {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Clone for FilePermissions {
+    fn clone(&self) -> FilePermissions {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for FilePermissions {
+    fn eq(&self, _other: &FilePermissions) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for FilePermissions {}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for FilePermissions {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl FileType {
+    pub fn is_dir(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_file(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_symlink(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Clone for FileType {
+    fn clone(&self) -> FileType {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Copy for FileType {}
+
+impl PartialEq for FileType {
+    fn eq(&self, _other: &FileType) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for FileType {}
+
+impl Hash for FileType {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, _h: &mut H) {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for FileType {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for ReadDir {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for ReadDir {
+    type Item = io::Result<DirEntry>;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<io::Result<DirEntry>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl DirEntry {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_name(&self) -> OsString {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn metadata(&self) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_type(&self) -> io::Result<FileType> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl OpenOptions {
+    pub fn new() -> OpenOptions {
+        OpenOptions {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&mut self, _read: bool) {}
+    pub fn write(&mut self, _write: bool) {}
+    pub fn append(&mut self, _append: bool) {}
+    pub fn truncate(&mut self, _truncate: bool) {}
+    pub fn create(&mut self, _create: bool) {}
+    pub fn create_new(&mut self, _create_new: bool) {}
+}
+
+impl File {
+    pub fn open(_path: &Path, _opts: &OpenOptions) -> io::Result<File> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_attr(&self) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn fsync(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn datasync(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn truncate(&self, _size: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, _buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, _buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn seek(&self, _pos: SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<File> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_permissions(&self, _perm: FilePermissions) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn diverge(&self) -> ! {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl DirBuilder {
+    pub fn new() -> DirBuilder {
+        DirBuilder {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn mkdir(&self, _p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for File {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn readdir(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<ReadDir> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn unlink(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn rename(_old: &Path, _new: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn set_perm(_p: &Path, perm: FilePermissions) -> io::Result<()> {
+    match perm.0 {}
+}
+
+pub fn rmdir(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn remove_dir_all(_path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn readlink(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn symlink(_src: &Path, _dst: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn link(_src: &Path, _dst: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn stat(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn lstat(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn canonicalize(_p: &Path) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn copy(_from: &Path, _to: &Path) -> io::Result<u64> {
+    unsupported()
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+
+pub mod args;
+pub mod env;
+pub mod fs;
+pub mod net;
+#[path = "../../unix/path.rs"]
+pub mod path;
+pub mod pipe;
+pub mod process;
+pub mod os;
+
+// This enum is used as the storage for a bunch of types which can't actually exist.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+pub enum Void {}
+
+pub fn unsupported<T>() -> io::Result<T> {
+    Err(io::Error::new(
+        io::ErrorKind::Other,
+        "This function is not available on CloudABI.",
+    ))
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/net.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use fmt;
+use io;
+use net::{Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr, Shutdown, SocketAddr};
+use time::Duration;
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+
+pub extern crate libc as netc;
+
+pub struct TcpStream(Void);
+
+impl TcpStream {
+    pub fn connect(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn connect_timeout(_: &SocketAddr, _: Duration) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn shutdown(&self, _: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for TcpStream {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct TcpListener(Void);
+
+impl TcpListener {
+    pub fn bind(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn accept(&self) -> io::Result<(TcpStream, SocketAddr)> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_only_v6(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn only_v6(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for TcpListener {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct UdpSocket(Void);
+
+impl UdpSocket {
+    pub fn bind(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<UdpSocket> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn recv_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn send_to(&self, _: &[u8], _: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<UdpSocket> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_broadcast(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn broadcast(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_multicast_loop_v4(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn multicast_loop_v4(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_multicast_ttl_v4(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn multicast_ttl_v4(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_multicast_loop_v6(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn multicast_loop_v6(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn join_multicast_v4(&self, _: &Ipv4Addr, _: &Ipv4Addr) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn join_multicast_v6(&self, _: &Ipv6Addr, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn leave_multicast_v4(&self, _: &Ipv4Addr, _: &Ipv4Addr) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn leave_multicast_v6(&self, _: &Ipv6Addr, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn recv(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn send(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn connect(&self, _: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for UdpSocket {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct LookupHost(Void);
+
+impl Iterator for LookupHost {
+    type Item = SocketAddr;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<SocketAddr> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn lookup_host(_: &str) -> io::Result<LookupHost> {
+    unsupported()
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/os.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use error::Error as StdError;
+use ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
+use fmt;
+use io;
+use iter;
+use path::{self, PathBuf};
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+
+pub fn getcwd() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn chdir(_: &path::Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub type Env = iter::Empty<(OsString, OsString)>;
+
+pub fn env() -> Env {
+    iter::empty()
+}
+
+pub fn getenv(_: &OsStr) -> io::Result<Option<OsString>> {
+    Ok(None)
+}
+
+pub fn setenv(_: &OsStr, _: &OsStr) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn unsetenv(_: &OsStr) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub struct SplitPaths<'a>(&'a Void);
+
+pub fn split_paths(_unparsed: &OsStr) -> SplitPaths {
+    panic!("unsupported")
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for SplitPaths<'a> {
+    type Item = PathBuf;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+        match *self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct JoinPathsError;
+
+pub fn join_paths<I, T>(_paths: I) -> Result<OsString, JoinPathsError>
+where
+    I: Iterator<Item = T>,
+    T: AsRef<OsStr>,
+{
+    Err(JoinPathsError)
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for JoinPathsError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        "not supported on CloudABI yet".fmt(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl StdError for JoinPathsError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &str {
+        "not supported on CloudABI yet"
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn home_dir() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn temp_dir() -> PathBuf {
+    PathBuf::from("/tmp")
+}
+
+pub fn current_exe() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn getpid() -> u32 {
+    1
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/pipe.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+use sys::Void;
+
+pub struct AnonPipe(Void);
+
+impl AnonPipe {
+    pub fn read(&self, _buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, _buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn diverge(&self) -> ! {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn read2(p1: AnonPipe, _v1: &mut Vec<u8>, _p2: AnonPipe, _v2: &mut Vec<u8>) -> io::Result<()> {
+    match p1.0 {}
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/shims/process.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::OsStr;
+use fmt;
+use io;
+use sys::fs::File;
+use sys::pipe::AnonPipe;
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+use sys_common::process::{CommandEnv, DefaultEnvKey};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Command
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+pub struct Command {
+    env: CommandEnv<DefaultEnvKey>,
+}
+
+// passed back to std::process with the pipes connected to the child, if any
+// were requested
+pub struct StdioPipes {
+    pub stdin: Option<AnonPipe>,
+    pub stdout: Option<AnonPipe>,
+    pub stderr: Option<AnonPipe>,
+}
+
+pub enum Stdio {
+    Inherit,
+    Null,
+    MakePipe,
+}
+
+impl Command {
+    pub fn new(_program: &OsStr) -> Command {
+        Command {
+            env: Default::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn arg(&mut self, _arg: &OsStr) {}
+
+    pub fn env_mut(&mut self) -> &mut CommandEnv<DefaultEnvKey> {
+        &mut self.env
+    }
+
+    pub fn cwd(&mut self, _dir: &OsStr) {}
+
+    pub fn stdin(&mut self, _stdin: Stdio) {}
+
+    pub fn stdout(&mut self, _stdout: Stdio) {}
+
+    pub fn stderr(&mut self, _stderr: Stdio) {}
+
+    pub fn spawn(
+        &mut self,
+        _default: Stdio,
+        _needs_stdin: bool,
+    ) -> io::Result<(Process, StdioPipes)> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<AnonPipe> for Stdio {
+    fn from(pipe: AnonPipe) -> Stdio {
+        pipe.diverge()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<File> for Stdio {
+    fn from(file: File) -> Stdio {
+        file.diverge()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Command {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ExitStatus(Void);
+
+impl ExitStatus {
+    pub fn success(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn code(&self) -> Option<i32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Clone for ExitStatus {
+    fn clone(&self) -> ExitStatus {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Copy for ExitStatus {}
+
+impl PartialEq for ExitStatus {
+    fn eq(&self, _other: &ExitStatus) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for ExitStatus {}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for ExitStatus {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for ExitStatus {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct ExitCode(bool);
+
+impl ExitCode {
+    pub const SUCCESS: ExitCode = ExitCode(false);
+    pub const FAILURE: ExitCode = ExitCode(true);
+
+    pub fn as_i32(&self) -> i32 {
+        self.0 as i32
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Process(Void);
+
+impl Process {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> u32 {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn kill(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn wait(&mut self) -> io::Result<ExitStatus> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_wait(&mut self) -> io::Result<Option<ExitStatus>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/stack_overflow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code))]
+
+pub struct Handler;
+
+impl Handler {
+    pub unsafe fn new() -> Handler {
+        Handler
+    }
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn init() {}
+
+pub unsafe fn cleanup() {}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/stdio.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+
+pub struct Stdin(());
+pub struct Stdout(());
+pub struct Stderr(());
+
+impl Stdin {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stdin> {
+        Ok(Stdin(()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        Ok(0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stdout {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stdout> {
+        Ok(Stdout(()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe,
+            "Stdout is not connected to any output in this environment",
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stderr {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stderr> {
+        Ok(Stderr(()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe,
+            "Stderr is not connected to any output in this environment",
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// FIXME: right now this raw stderr handle is used in a few places because
+//        std::io::stderr_raw isn't exposed, but once that's exposed this impl
+//        should go away
+impl io::Write for Stderr {
+    fn write(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        Stderr::write(self, data)
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Stderr::flush(self)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn is_ebadf(err: &io::Error) -> bool {
+    err.raw_os_error() == Some(abi::errno::BADF as i32)
+}
+
+pub const STDIN_BUF_SIZE: usize = ::sys_common::io::DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE;
+
+pub fn stderr_prints_nothing() -> bool {
+    false
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/thread.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use boxed::FnBox;
+use cmp;
+use ffi::CStr;
+use io;
+use libc;
+use mem;
+use ptr;
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+use sys::time::dur2intervals;
+use sys_common::thread::*;
+use time::Duration;
+
+pub const DEFAULT_MIN_STACK_SIZE: usize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+pub struct Thread {
+    id: libc::pthread_t,
+}
+
+// CloudABI has pthread_t as a pointer in which case we still want
+// a thread to be Send/Sync
+unsafe impl Send for Thread {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Thread {}
+
+impl Thread {
+    pub unsafe fn new<'a>(stack: usize, p: Box<FnBox() + 'a>) -> io::Result<Thread> {
+        let p = box p;
+        let mut native: libc::pthread_t = mem::zeroed();
+        let mut attr: libc::pthread_attr_t = mem::zeroed();
+        assert_eq!(libc::pthread_attr_init(&mut attr), 0);
+
+        let stack_size = cmp::max(stack, min_stack_size(&attr));
+        assert_eq!(libc::pthread_attr_setstacksize(&mut attr, stack_size), 0);
+
+        let ret = libc::pthread_create(&mut native, &attr, thread_start, &*p as *const _ as *mut _);
+        assert_eq!(libc::pthread_attr_destroy(&mut attr), 0);
+
+        return if ret != 0 {
+            Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_error(ret))
+        } else {
+            mem::forget(p); // ownership passed to pthread_create
+            Ok(Thread { id: native })
+        };
+
+        extern "C" fn thread_start(main: *mut libc::c_void) -> *mut libc::c_void {
+            unsafe {
+                start_thread(main as *mut u8);
+            }
+            ptr::null_mut()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn yield_now() {
+        let ret = unsafe { abi::thread_yield() };
+        debug_assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_name(_name: &CStr) {
+        // CloudABI has no way to set a thread name.
+    }
+
+    pub fn sleep(dur: Duration) {
+        unsafe {
+            let subscription = abi::subscription {
+                type_: abi::eventtype::CLOCK,
+                union: abi::subscription_union {
+                    clock: abi::subscription_clock {
+                        clock_id: abi::clockid::MONOTONIC,
+                        timeout: dur2intervals(&dur),
+                        ..mem::zeroed()
+                    },
+                },
+                ..mem::zeroed()
+            };
+            let mut event: abi::event = mem::uninitialized();
+            let mut nevents: usize = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::poll(&subscription, &mut event, 1, &mut nevents);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS);
+            assert_eq!(event.error, abi::errno::SUCCESS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn join(self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let ret = libc::pthread_join(self.id, ptr::null_mut());
+            mem::forget(self);
+            assert!(
+                ret == 0,
+                "failed to join thread: {}",
+                io::Error::from_raw_os_error(ret)
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Thread {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let ret = unsafe { libc::pthread_detach(self.id) };
+        debug_assert_eq!(ret, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code))]
+pub mod guard {
+    pub type Guard = !;
+    pub unsafe fn current() -> Option<Guard> {
+        None
+    }
+    pub unsafe fn init() -> Option<Guard> {
+        None
+    }
+    pub unsafe fn deinit() {}
+}
+
+fn min_stack_size(_: *const libc::pthread_attr_t) -> usize {
+    libc::PTHREAD_STACK_MIN
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/cloudabi/time.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use mem;
+use sys::cloudabi::abi;
+use time::Duration;
+
+const NSEC_PER_SEC: abi::timestamp = 1_000_000_000;
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+pub struct Instant {
+    t: abi::timestamp,
+}
+
+pub fn dur2intervals(dur: &Duration) -> abi::timestamp {
+    dur.as_secs()
+        .checked_mul(NSEC_PER_SEC)
+        .and_then(|nanos| nanos.checked_add(dur.subsec_nanos() as abi::timestamp))
+        .expect("overflow converting duration to nanoseconds")
+}
+
+impl Instant {
+    pub fn now() -> Instant {
+        unsafe {
+            let mut t = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::clock_time_get(abi::clockid::MONOTONIC, 0, &mut t);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS);
+            Instant { t: t }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sub_instant(&self, other: &Instant) -> Duration {
+        let diff = self.t
+            .checked_sub(other.t)
+            .expect("second instant is later than self");
+        Duration::new(diff / NSEC_PER_SEC, (diff % NSEC_PER_SEC) as u32)
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Instant {
+        Instant {
+            t: self.t
+                .checked_add(dur2intervals(other))
+                .expect("overflow when adding duration to instant"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Instant {
+        Instant {
+            t: self.t
+                .checked_sub(dur2intervals(other))
+                .expect("overflow when subtracting duration from instant"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+pub struct SystemTime {
+    t: abi::timestamp,
+}
+
+impl SystemTime {
+    pub fn now() -> SystemTime {
+        unsafe {
+            let mut t = mem::uninitialized();
+            let ret = abi::clock_time_get(abi::clockid::REALTIME, 0, &mut t);
+            assert_eq!(ret, abi::errno::SUCCESS);
+            SystemTime { t: t }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sub_time(&self, other: &SystemTime) -> Result<Duration, Duration> {
+        if self.t >= other.t {
+            let diff = self.t - other.t;
+            Ok(Duration::new(
+                diff / NSEC_PER_SEC,
+                (diff % NSEC_PER_SEC) as u32,
+            ))
+        } else {
+            let diff = other.t - self.t;
+            Err(Duration::new(
+                diff / NSEC_PER_SEC,
+                (diff % NSEC_PER_SEC) as u32,
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> SystemTime {
+        SystemTime {
+            t: self.t
+                .checked_add(dur2intervals(other))
+                .expect("overflow when adding duration to instant"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> SystemTime {
+        SystemTime {
+            t: self.t
+                .checked_sub(dur2intervals(other))
+                .expect("overflow when subtracting duration from instant"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub const UNIX_EPOCH: SystemTime = SystemTime { t: 0 };

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/android.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Android ABI-compatibility module
+//!
+//! The ABI of Android has changed quite a bit over time, and libstd attempts to
+//! be both forwards and backwards compatible as much as possible. We want to
+//! always work with the most recent version of Android, but we also want to
+//! work with older versions of Android for whenever projects need to.
+//!
+//! Our current minimum supported Android version is `android-9`, e.g. Android
+//! with API level 9. We then in theory want to work on that and all future
+//! versions of Android!
+//!
+//! Some of the detection here is done at runtime via `dlopen` and
+//! introspection. Other times no detection is performed at all and we just
+//! provide a fallback implementation as some versions of Android we support
+//! don't have the function.
+//!
+//! You'll find more details below about why each compatibility shim is needed.
+
+#![cfg(target_os = "android")]
+
+use libc::{c_int, c_void, sighandler_t, size_t, ssize_t};
+use libc::{ftruncate, pread, pwrite};
+
+use io;
+use super::{cvt, cvt_r};
+
+// The `log2` and `log2f` functions apparently appeared in android-18, or at
+// least you can see they're not present in the android-17 header [1] and they
+// are present in android-18 [2].
+//
+// [1]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/android_tools/+/20ee6d20/ndk/platforms
+//                                       /android-17/arch-arm/usr/include/math.h
+// [2]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/android_tools/+/20ee6d20/ndk/platforms
+//                                       /android-18/arch-arm/usr/include/math.h
+//
+// Note that these shims are likely less precise than directly calling `log2`,
+// but hopefully that should be enough for now...
+//
+// Note that mathematically, for any arbitrary `y`:
+//
+//      log_2(x) = log_y(x) / log_y(2)
+//               = log_y(x) / (1 / log_2(y))
+//               = log_y(x) * log_2(y)
+//
+// Hence because `ln` (log_e) is available on all Android we just choose `y = e`
+// and get:
+//
+//      log_2(x) = ln(x) * log_2(e)
+
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+pub fn log2f32(f: f32) -> f32 {
+    f.ln() * ::f32::consts::LOG2_E
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+pub fn log2f64(f: f64) -> f64 {
+    f.ln() * ::f64::consts::LOG2_E
+}
+
+// Back in the day [1] the `signal` function was just an inline wrapper
+// around `bsd_signal`, but starting in API level android-20 the `signal`
+// symbols was introduced [2]. Finally, in android-21 the API `bsd_signal` was
+// removed [3].
+//
+// Basically this means that if we want to be binary compatible with multiple
+// Android releases (oldest being 9 and newest being 21) then we need to check
+// for both symbols and not actually link against either.
+//
+// [1]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/android_tools/+/20ee6d20/ndk/platforms
+//                                       /android-18/arch-arm/usr/include/signal.h
+// [2]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/android_tools/+/fbd420/ndk_experimental
+//                                       /platforms/android-20/arch-arm
+//                                       /usr/include/signal.h
+// [3]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/android_tools/+/20ee6d/ndk/platforms
+//                                       /android-21/arch-arm/usr/include/signal.h
+pub unsafe fn signal(signum: c_int, handler: sighandler_t) -> sighandler_t {
+    weak!(fn signal(c_int, sighandler_t) -> sighandler_t);
+    weak!(fn bsd_signal(c_int, sighandler_t) -> sighandler_t);
+
+    let f = signal.get().or_else(|| bsd_signal.get());
+    let f = f.expect("neither `signal` nor `bsd_signal` symbols found");
+    f(signum, handler)
+}
+
+// The `ftruncate64` symbol apparently appeared in android-12, so we do some
+// dynamic detection to see if we can figure out whether `ftruncate64` exists.
+//
+// If it doesn't we just fall back to `ftruncate`, generating an error for
+// too-large values.
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
+pub fn ftruncate64(fd: c_int, size: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+    weak!(fn ftruncate64(c_int, i64) -> c_int);
+
+    unsafe {
+        match ftruncate64.get() {
+            Some(f) => cvt_r(|| f(fd, size as i64)).map(|_| ()),
+            None => {
+                if size > i32::max_value() as u64 {
+                    Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                       "cannot truncate >2GB"))
+                } else {
+                    cvt_r(|| ftruncate(fd, size as i32)).map(|_| ())
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
+pub fn ftruncate64(fd: c_int, size: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsafe {
+        cvt_r(|| ftruncate(fd, size as i64)).map(|_| ())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
+pub unsafe fn cvt_pread64(fd: c_int, buf: *mut c_void, count: size_t, offset: i64)
+    -> io::Result<ssize_t>
+{
+    use convert::TryInto;
+    weak!(fn pread64(c_int, *mut c_void, size_t, i64) -> ssize_t);
+    pread64.get().map(|f| cvt(f(fd, buf, count, offset))).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        if let Ok(o) = offset.try_into() {
+            cvt(pread(fd, buf, count, o))
+        } else {
+            Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                               "cannot pread >2GB"))
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
+pub unsafe fn cvt_pwrite64(fd: c_int, buf: *const c_void, count: size_t, offset: i64)
+    -> io::Result<ssize_t>
+{
+    use convert::TryInto;
+    weak!(fn pwrite64(c_int, *const c_void, size_t, i64) -> ssize_t);
+    pwrite64.get().map(|f| cvt(f(fd, buf, count, offset))).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        if let Ok(o) = offset.try_into() {
+            cvt(pwrite(fd, buf, count, o))
+        } else {
+            Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                               "cannot pwrite >2GB"))
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
+pub unsafe fn cvt_pread64(fd: c_int, buf: *mut c_void, count: size_t, offset: i64)
+    -> io::Result<ssize_t>
+{
+    cvt(pread(fd, buf, count, offset))
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
+pub unsafe fn cvt_pwrite64(fd: c_int, buf: *const c_void, count: size_t, offset: i64)
+    -> io::Result<ssize_t>
+{
+    cvt(pwrite(fd, buf, count, offset))
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/args.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::OsString;
+use marker::PhantomData;
+use vec;
+
+pub unsafe fn init(_argc: isize, _argv: *const *const u8) {
+    // Currently null because we haven't implemented args yet
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn cleanup() {
+}
+
+pub fn args() -> Args {
+    return Args {
+        iter: Vec::new().into_iter(),
+        _dont_send_or_sync_me: PhantomData,
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Args {
+    iter: vec::IntoIter<OsString>,
+    _dont_send_or_sync_me: PhantomData<*mut ()>,
+}
+
+impl Args {
+    pub fn inner_debug(&self) -> &[OsString] {
+        self.iter.as_slice()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for Args {
+    type Item = OsString;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {
+        self.iter.next()
+    }
+    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
+        self.iter.size_hint()
+    }
+}
+
+impl ExactSizeIterator for Args {
+    fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.iter.len()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DoubleEndedIterator for Args {
+    fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {
+        self.iter.next_back()
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+/// Backtrace support built on libgcc with some extra OS-specific support
+///
+/// Some methods of getting a backtrace:
+///
+/// * The backtrace() functions on unix. It turns out this doesn't work very
+///   well for green threads on macOS, and the address to symbol portion of it
+///   suffers problems that are described below.
+///
+/// * Using libunwind. This is more difficult than it sounds because libunwind
+///   isn't installed everywhere by default. It's also a bit of a hefty library,
+///   so possibly not the best option. When testing, libunwind was excellent at
+///   getting both accurate backtraces and accurate symbols across platforms.
+///   This route was not chosen in favor of the next option, however.
+///
+/// * We're already using libgcc_s for exceptions in rust (triggering thread
+///   unwinding and running destructors on the stack), and it turns out that it
+///   conveniently comes with a function that also gives us a backtrace. All of
+///   these functions look like _Unwind_*, but it's not quite the full
+///   repertoire of the libunwind API. Due to it already being in use, this was
+///   the chosen route of getting a backtrace.
+///
+/// After choosing libgcc_s for backtraces, the sad part is that it will only
+/// give us a stack trace of instruction pointers. Thankfully these instruction
+/// pointers are accurate (they work for green and native threads), but it's
+/// then up to us again to figure out how to translate these addresses to
+/// symbols. As with before, we have a few options. Before, that, a little bit
+/// of an interlude about symbols. This is my very limited knowledge about
+/// symbol tables, and this information is likely slightly wrong, but the
+/// general idea should be correct.
+///
+/// When talking about symbols, it's helpful to know a few things about where
+/// symbols are located. Some symbols are located in the dynamic symbol table
+/// of the executable which in theory means that they're available for dynamic
+/// linking and lookup. Other symbols end up only in the local symbol table of
+/// the file. This loosely corresponds to pub and priv functions in Rust.
+///
+/// Armed with this knowledge, we know that our solution for address to symbol
+/// translation will need to consult both the local and dynamic symbol tables.
+/// With that in mind, here's our options of translating an address to
+/// a symbol.
+///
+/// * Use dladdr(). The original backtrace()-based idea actually uses dladdr()
+///   behind the scenes to translate, and this is why backtrace() was not used.
+///   Conveniently, this method works fantastically on macOS. It appears dladdr()
+///   uses magic to consult the local symbol table, or we're putting everything
+///   in the dynamic symbol table anyway. Regardless, for macOS, this is the
+///   method used for translation. It's provided by the system and easy to do.o
+///
+///   Sadly, all other systems have a dladdr() implementation that does not
+///   consult the local symbol table. This means that most functions are blank
+///   because they don't have symbols. This means that we need another solution.
+///
+/// * Use unw_get_proc_name(). This is part of the libunwind api (not the
+///   libgcc_s version of the libunwind api), but involves taking a dependency
+///   to libunwind. We may pursue this route in the future if we bundle
+///   libunwind, but libunwind was unwieldy enough that it was not chosen at
+///   this time to provide this functionality.
+///
+/// * Shell out to a utility like `readelf`. Crazy though it may sound, it's a
+///   semi-reasonable solution. The stdlib already knows how to spawn processes,
+///   so in theory it could invoke readelf, parse the output, and consult the
+///   local/dynamic symbol tables from there. This ended up not getting chosen
+///   due to the craziness of the idea plus the advent of the next option.
+///
+/// * Use `libbacktrace`. It turns out that this is a small library bundled in
+///   the gcc repository which provides backtrace and symbol translation
+///   functionality. All we really need from it is the backtrace functionality,
+///   and we only really need this on everything that's not macOS, so this is the
+///   chosen route for now.
+///
+/// In summary, the current situation uses libgcc_s to get a trace of stack
+/// pointers, and we use dladdr() or libbacktrace to translate these addresses
+/// to symbols. This is a bit of a hokey implementation as-is, but it works for
+/// all unix platforms we support right now, so it at least gets the job done.
+
+pub use self::tracing::unwind_backtrace;
+pub use self::printing::{foreach_symbol_fileline, resolve_symname};
+
+// tracing impls:
+mod tracing;
+// symbol resolvers:
+mod printing;
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+pub mod gnu {
+    use io;
+    use fs;
+    use libc::c_char;
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios")))]
+    pub fn get_executable_filename() -> io::Result<(Vec<c_char>, fs::File)> {
+        Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "Not implemented"))
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"))]
+    pub fn get_executable_filename() -> io::Result<(Vec<c_char>, fs::File)> {
+        use env;
+        use os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
+
+        let filename = env::current_exe()?;
+        let file = fs::File::open(&filename)?;
+        let mut filename_cstr: Vec<_> = filename.as_os_str().as_bytes().iter()
+            .map(|&x| x as c_char).collect();
+        filename_cstr.push(0); // Null terminate
+        Ok((filename_cstr, file))
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct BacktraceContext;

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/printing/dladdr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+use intrinsics;
+use ffi::CStr;
+use libc;
+use sys::backtrace::BacktraceContext;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+
+pub fn resolve_symname<F>(frame: Frame,
+                          callback: F,
+                          _: &BacktraceContext) -> io::Result<()>
+    where F: FnOnce(Option<&str>) -> io::Result<()>
+{
+    unsafe {
+        let mut info: Dl_info = intrinsics::init();
+        let symname = if dladdr(frame.exact_position as *mut _, &mut info) == 0 ||
+                         info.dli_sname.is_null() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            CStr::from_ptr(info.dli_sname).to_str().ok()
+        };
+        callback(symname)
+    }
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+struct Dl_info {
+    dli_fname: *const libc::c_char,
+    dli_fbase: *mut libc::c_void,
+    dli_sname: *const libc::c_char,
+    dli_saddr: *mut libc::c_void,
+}
+
+extern {
+    fn dladdr(addr: *const libc::c_void, info: *mut Dl_info) -> libc::c_int;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/printing/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+mod dladdr;
+
+use sys::backtrace::BacktraceContext;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+use io;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+pub use self::dladdr::resolve_symname;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+pub fn foreach_symbol_fileline<F>(_: Frame, _: F, _: &BacktraceContext) -> io::Result<bool>
+where
+    F: FnMut(&[u8], u32) -> io::Result<()>
+{
+    Ok(false)
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+pub use sys_common::gnu::libbacktrace::foreach_symbol_fileline;
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+pub fn resolve_symname<F>(frame: Frame, callback: F, bc: &BacktraceContext) -> io::Result<()>
+where
+    F: FnOnce(Option<&str>) -> io::Result<()>
+{
+    ::sys_common::gnu::libbacktrace::resolve_symname(frame, |symname| {
+        if symname.is_some() {
+            callback(symname)
+        } else {
+            dladdr::resolve_symname(frame, callback, bc)
+        }
+    }, bc)
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/tracing/backtrace_fn.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+/// As always - iOS on arm uses SjLj exceptions and
+/// _Unwind_Backtrace is even not available there. Still,
+/// backtraces could be extracted using a backtrace function,
+/// which thanks god is public
+///
+/// As mentioned in a huge comment block in `super::super`, backtrace
+/// doesn't play well with green threads, so while it is extremely nice and
+/// simple to use it should be used only on iOS devices as the only viable
+/// option.
+
+use io;
+use libc;
+use sys::backtrace::BacktraceContext;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+
+#[inline(never)] // if we know this is a function call, we can skip it when
+                 // tracing
+pub fn unwind_backtrace(frames: &mut [Frame])
+    -> io::Result<(usize, BacktraceContext)>
+{
+    const FRAME_LEN: usize = 100;
+    assert!(FRAME_LEN >= frames.len());
+    let mut raw_frames = [::ptr::null_mut(); FRAME_LEN];
+    let nb_frames = unsafe {
+        backtrace(raw_frames.as_mut_ptr(), raw_frames.len() as libc::c_int)
+    } as usize;
+    for (from, to) in raw_frames.iter().zip(frames.iter_mut()).take(nb_frames) {
+        *to = Frame {
+            exact_position: *from as *mut u8,
+            symbol_addr: *from as *mut u8,
+            inline_context: 0,
+        };
+    }
+    Ok((nb_frames as usize, BacktraceContext))
+}
+
+extern {
+    fn backtrace(buf: *mut *mut libc::c_void, sz: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/tracing/gcc_s.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use error::Error;
+use io;
+use libc;
+use sys::backtrace::BacktraceContext;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+
+use unwind as uw;
+
+struct Context<'a> {
+    idx: usize,
+    frames: &'a mut [Frame],
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct UnwindError(uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code);
+
+impl Error for UnwindError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "unexpected return value while unwinding"
+    }
+}
+
+impl ::fmt::Display for UnwindError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::fmt::Formatter) -> ::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}: {:?}", self.description(), self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)] // if we know this is a function call, we can skip it when
+                 // tracing
+pub fn unwind_backtrace(frames: &mut [Frame])
+    -> io::Result<(usize, BacktraceContext)>
+{
+    let mut cx = Context {
+        idx: 0,
+        frames,
+    };
+    let result_unwind = unsafe {
+        uw::_Unwind_Backtrace(trace_fn,
+                              &mut cx as *mut Context
+                              as *mut libc::c_void)
+    };
+    // See libunwind:src/unwind/Backtrace.c for the return values.
+    // No, there is no doc.
+    match result_unwind {
+        // These return codes seem to be benign and need to be ignored for backtraces
+        // to show up properly on all tested platforms.
+        uw::_URC_END_OF_STACK | uw::_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR | uw::_URC_FAILURE => {
+            Ok((cx.idx, BacktraceContext))
+        }
+        _ => {
+            Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                               UnwindError(result_unwind)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extern fn trace_fn(ctx: *mut uw::_Unwind_Context,
+                   arg: *mut libc::c_void) -> uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code {
+    let cx = unsafe { &mut *(arg as *mut Context) };
+    let mut ip_before_insn = 0;
+    let mut ip = unsafe {
+        uw::_Unwind_GetIPInfo(ctx, &mut ip_before_insn) as *mut libc::c_void
+    };
+    if !ip.is_null() && ip_before_insn == 0 {
+        // this is a non-signaling frame, so `ip` refers to the address
+        // after the calling instruction. account for that.
+        ip = (ip as usize - 1) as *mut _;
+    }
+
+    // dladdr() on osx gets whiny when we use FindEnclosingFunction, and
+    // it appears to work fine without it, so we only use
+    // FindEnclosingFunction on non-osx platforms. In doing so, we get a
+    // slightly more accurate stack trace in the process.
+    //
+    // This is often because panic involves the last instruction of a
+    // function being "call std::rt::begin_unwind", with no ret
+    // instructions after it. This means that the return instruction
+    // pointer points *outside* of the calling function, and by
+    // unwinding it we go back to the original function.
+    let symaddr = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") || cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+        ip
+    } else {
+        unsafe { uw::_Unwind_FindEnclosingFunction(ip) }
+    };
+
+    if cx.idx < cx.frames.len() {
+        cx.frames[cx.idx] = Frame {
+            symbol_addr: symaddr as *mut u8,
+            exact_position: ip as *mut u8,
+            inline_context: 0,
+        };
+        cx.idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    uw::_URC_NO_REASON
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/backtrace/tracing/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+pub use self::imp::*;
+
+#[cfg(not(all(target_os = "ios", target_arch = "arm")))]
+#[path = "gcc_s.rs"]
+mod imp;
+#[cfg(all(target_os = "ios", target_arch = "arm"))]
+#[path = "backtrace_fn.rs"]
+mod imp;

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/cmath.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg(not(test))]
+
+use libc::{c_float, c_double};
+
+#[link_name = "m"]
+extern {
+    pub fn acos(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn acosf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn asin(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn asinf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn atan(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn atan2(a: c_double, b: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn atan2f(a: c_float, b: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn atanf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn cbrt(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn cbrtf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn cosh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn coshf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn expm1(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn expm1f(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn fdim(a: c_double, b: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn fdimf(a: c_float, b: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn hypot(x: c_double, y: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn hypotf(x: c_float, y: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn log1p(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn log1pf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn sinh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn sinhf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn tan(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn tanf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn tanh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn tanhf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/condvar.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// *Implementation adapted from `/sys/redox/condvar.rs`
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use intrinsics::atomic_cxchg;
+use ptr;
+use time::Duration;
+
+use sys::mutex::{self, Mutex};
+
+pub struct Condvar {
+    lock: UnsafeCell<*mut ::libctru::LightLock>,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for Condvar {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Condvar {}
+
+impl Condvar {
+    pub const fn new() -> Condvar {
+        Condvar {
+            lock: UnsafeCell::new(ptr::null_mut()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn init(&self) {
+        *self.lock.get() = ptr::null_mut();
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn notify_one(&self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let arbiter = ::libctru::__sync_get_arbiter();
+
+            ::libctru::svcArbitrateAddress(arbiter,
+                                *self.lock.get() as u32,
+                                ::libctru::ARBITRATION_SIGNAL,
+                                1,
+                                0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn notify_all(&self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+
+            if *lock == ptr::null_mut() {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            let arbiter = ::libctru::__sync_get_arbiter();
+
+            ::libctru::svcArbitrateAddress(arbiter,
+                                *self.lock.get() as u32,
+                                ::libctru::ARBITRATION_SIGNAL,
+                                -1,
+                                0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn wait(&self, mutex: &Mutex) {
+        unsafe {
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+
+            if *lock != mutex::raw(mutex) as *mut i32 {
+                if *lock != ptr::null_mut() {
+                    panic!("Condvar used with more than one Mutex");
+                }
+
+                atomic_cxchg(lock as *mut usize, 0, mutex::raw(mutex) as usize);
+            }
+
+            mutex.unlock();
+
+            let arbiter = ::libctru::__sync_get_arbiter();
+
+            ::libctru::svcArbitrateAddress(arbiter,
+                                *self.lock.get() as u32,
+                                ::libctru::ARBITRATION_WAIT_IF_LESS_THAN,
+                                2,
+                                0);
+
+            mutex.lock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn wait_timeout(&self, mutex: &Mutex, dur: Duration) -> bool {
+        use time::Instant;
+
+        unsafe {
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+
+            if *lock != mutex::raw(mutex) as *mut i32 {
+                if *lock != ptr::null_mut() {
+                    panic!("Condvar used with more than one Mutex");
+                }
+
+                atomic_cxchg(lock as *mut usize, 0, mutex::raw(mutex) as usize);
+            }
+
+            let now = Instant::now();
+
+            let nanos = dur.as_secs()
+                           .saturating_mul(1_000_000_000)
+                           .saturating_add(dur.subsec_nanos() as u64);
+
+            mutex.unlock();
+
+            let arbiter = ::libctru::__sync_get_arbiter();
+
+            ::libctru::svcArbitrateAddress(arbiter,
+                                *self.lock.get() as u32,
+                                ::libctru::ARBITRATION_WAIT_IF_LESS_THAN_TIMEOUT,
+                                2,
+                                nanos as i64);
+
+            mutex.lock();
+
+            now.elapsed() < dur
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        *self.lock.get() = ptr::null_mut();
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/env.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "horizon")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "nintendo";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "horizon";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".cro";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = ".cro";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".3dsx";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "3dsx";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "linux";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "macos";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".dylib";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "dylib";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "ios")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "ios";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".dylib";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "dylib";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "freebsd")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "freebsd";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "dragonfly")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "dragonfly";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "bitrig")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "bitrig";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "netbsd")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "netbsd";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "openbsd")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "openbsd";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "android";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "solaris";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "haiku")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "haiku";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(target_os = "emscripten", target_arch = "asmjs"))]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "emscripten";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".js";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "js";
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(target_os = "emscripten", target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "emscripten";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".js";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "js";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "fuchsia")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "fuchsia";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "l4re")]
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "unix";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "l4re";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/ext/ffi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Unix-specific extension to the primitives in the `std::ffi` module
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
+use mem;
+use sys::os_str::Buf;
+use sys_common::{FromInner, IntoInner, AsInner};
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`OsString`].
+///
+/// [`OsString`]: ../../../../std/ffi/struct.OsString.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait OsStringExt {
+    /// Creates an [`OsString`] from a byte vector.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::ffi::OsString;
+    /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStringExt;
+    ///
+    /// let bytes = b"foo".to_vec();
+    /// let os_string = OsString::from_vec(bytes);
+    /// assert_eq!(os_string.to_str(), Some("foo"));
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// [`OsString`]: ../../../ffi/struct.OsString.html
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn from_vec(vec: Vec<u8>) -> Self;
+
+    /// Yields the underlying byte vector of this [`OsString`].
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::ffi::OsString;
+    /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStringExt;
+    ///
+    /// let mut os_string = OsString::new();
+    /// os_string.push("foo");
+    /// let bytes = os_string.into_vec();
+    /// assert_eq!(bytes, b"foo");
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// [`OsString`]: ../../../ffi/struct.OsString.html
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8>;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl OsStringExt for OsString {
+    fn from_vec(vec: Vec<u8>) -> OsString {
+        FromInner::from_inner(Buf { inner: vec })
+    }
+    fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        self.into_inner().inner
+    }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`OsStr`].
+///
+/// [`OsStr`]: ../../../../std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait OsStrExt {
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    /// Creates an [`OsStr`] from a byte slice.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::ffi::OsStr;
+    /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
+    ///
+    /// let bytes = b"foo";
+    /// let os_str = OsStr::from_bytes(bytes);
+    /// assert_eq!(os_str.to_str(), Some("foo"));
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// [`OsStr`]: ../../../ffi/struct.OsStr.html
+    fn from_bytes(slice: &[u8]) -> &Self;
+
+    /// Gets the underlying byte view of the [`OsStr`] slice.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::ffi::OsStr;
+    /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
+    ///
+    /// let mut os_str = OsStr::new("foo");
+    /// let bytes = os_str.as_bytes();
+    /// assert_eq!(bytes, b"foo");
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// [`OsStr`]: ../../../ffi/struct.OsStr.html
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8];
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl OsStrExt for OsStr {
+    fn from_bytes(slice: &[u8]) -> &OsStr {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(slice) }
+    }
+    fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self.as_inner().inner
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/ext/fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,736 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Unix-specific extensions to primitives in the `std::fs` module.
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use fs::{self, Permissions, OpenOptions};
+use io;
+use libc;
+use path::Path;
+use sys;
+use sys_common::{FromInner, AsInner, AsInnerMut};
+use sys::platform::fs::MetadataExt as UnixMetadataExt;
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`File`].
+///
+/// [`File`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.File.html
+#[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
+pub trait FileExt {
+    /// Reads a number of bytes starting from a given offset.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of bytes read.
+    ///
+    /// The offset is relative to the start of the file and thus independent
+    /// from the current cursor.
+    ///
+    /// The current file cursor is not affected by this function.
+    ///
+    /// Note that similar to [`File::read`], it is not an error to return with a
+    /// short read.
+    ///
+    /// [`File::read`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.File.html#method.read
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::os::unix::prelude::FileExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
+    ///     let file = File::open("foo.txt")?;
+    ///
+    ///     // We now read 8 bytes from the offset 10.
+    ///     let num_bytes_read = file.read_at(&mut buf, 10)?;
+    ///     println!("read {} bytes: {:?}", num_bytes_read, buf);
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
+    fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize>;
+
+    /// Writes a number of bytes starting from a given offset.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the number of bytes written.
+    ///
+    /// The offset is relative to the start of the file and thus independent
+    /// from the current cursor.
+    ///
+    /// The current file cursor is not affected by this function.
+    ///
+    /// When writing beyond the end of the file, the file is appropriately
+    /// extended and the intermediate bytes are initialized with the value 0.
+    ///
+    /// Note that similar to [`File::write`], it is not an error to return a
+    /// short write.
+    ///
+    /// [`File::write`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.File.html#write.v
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::os::unix::prelude::FileExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let file = File::open("foo.txt")?;
+    ///
+    ///     // We now write at the offset 10.
+    ///     file.write_at(b"sushi", 10)?;
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
+    fn write_at(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize>;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
+impl FileExt for fs::File {
+    fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.as_inner().read_at(buf, offset)
+    }
+    fn write_at(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.as_inner().write_at(buf, offset)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`fs::Permissions`].
+///
+/// [`fs::Permissions`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.Permissions.html
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait PermissionsExt {
+    /// Returns the underlying raw `st_mode` bits that contain the standard
+    /// Unix permissions for this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let f = File::create("foo.txt")?;
+    ///     let metadata = f.metadata()?;
+    ///     let permissions = metadata.permissions();
+    ///
+    ///     println!("permissions: {}", permissions.mode());
+    ///     Ok(()) }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32;
+
+    /// Sets the underlying raw bits for this set of permissions.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let f = File::create("foo.txt")?;
+    ///     let metadata = f.metadata()?;
+    ///     let mut permissions = metadata.permissions();
+    ///
+    ///     permissions.set_mode(0o644); // Read/write for owner and read for others.
+    ///     assert_eq!(permissions.mode(), 0o644);
+    ///     Ok(()) }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: u32);
+
+    /// Creates a new instance of `Permissions` from the given set of Unix
+    /// permission bits.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::fs::Permissions;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// // Read/write for owner and read for others.
+    /// let permissions = Permissions::from_mode(0o644);
+    /// assert_eq!(permissions.mode(), 0o644);
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn from_mode(mode: u32) -> Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl PermissionsExt for Permissions {
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().mode()
+    }
+
+    fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: u32) {
+        *self = Permissions::from_inner(FromInner::from_inner(mode));
+    }
+
+    fn from_mode(mode: u32) -> Permissions {
+        Permissions::from_inner(FromInner::from_inner(mode))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`fs::OpenOptions`].
+///
+/// [`fs::OpenOptions`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.OpenOptions.html
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait OpenOptionsExt {
+    /// Sets the mode bits that a new file will be created with.
+    ///
+    /// If a new file is created as part of a `File::open_opts` call then this
+    /// specified `mode` will be used as the permission bits for the new file.
+    /// If no `mode` is set, the default of `0o666` will be used.
+    /// The operating system masks out bits with the systems `umask`, to produce
+    /// the final permissions.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// # fn main() {
+    /// let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+    /// options.mode(0o644); // Give read/write for owner and read for others.
+    /// let file = options.open("foo.txt");
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut Self;
+
+    /// Pass custom flags to the `flags` argument of `open`.
+    ///
+    /// The bits that define the access mode are masked out with `O_ACCMODE`, to
+    /// ensure they do not interfere with the access mode set by Rusts options.
+    ///
+    /// Custom flags can only set flags, not remove flags set by Rusts options.
+    /// This options overwrites any previously set custom flags.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// # #![feature(libc)]
+    /// extern crate libc;
+    /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// # fn main() {
+    /// let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+    /// options.write(true);
+    /// if cfg!(unix) {
+    ///     options.custom_flags(libc::O_NOFOLLOW);
+    /// }
+    /// let file = options.open("foo.txt");
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "open_options_ext", since = "1.10.0")]
+    fn custom_flags(&mut self, flags: i32) -> &mut Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl OpenOptionsExt for OpenOptions {
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut OpenOptions {
+        self.as_inner_mut().mode(mode); self
+    }
+
+    fn custom_flags(&mut self, flags: i32) -> &mut OpenOptions {
+        self.as_inner_mut().custom_flags(flags); self
+    }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`fs::Metadata`].
+///
+/// [`fs::Metadata`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.Metadata.html
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait MetadataExt {
+    /// Returns the ID of the device containing the file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let dev_id = meta.dev();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn dev(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the inode number.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let inode = meta.ino();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the rights applied to this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let mode = meta.mode();
+    ///     let user_has_write_access      = mode & 0o200;
+    ///     let user_has_read_write_access = mode & 0o600;
+    ///     let group_has_read_access      = mode & 0o040;
+    ///     let others_have_exec_access    = mode & 0o001;
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the number of hard links pointing to this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    ///  use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let nb_hard_links = meta.nlink();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn nlink(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the user ID of the owner of this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let user_id = meta.uid();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn uid(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the group ID of the owner of this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let group_id = meta.gid();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn gid(&self) -> u32;
+    /// Returns the device ID of this file (if it is a special one).
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let device_id = meta.rdev();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn rdev(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the total size of this file in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let file_size = meta.size();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn size(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last access to the file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let last_access_time = meta.atime();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn atime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last access to the file in nanoseconds.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let nano_last_access_time = meta.atime_nsec();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn atime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last modification of the file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let last_modification_time = meta.mtime();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mtime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last modification of the file in nanoseconds.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let nano_last_modification_time = meta.mtime_nsec();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last status change of the file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let last_status_change_time = meta.ctime();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ctime(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the time of the last status change of the file in nanoseconds.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let nano_last_status_change_time = meta.ctime_nsec();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    /// Returns the blocksize for filesystem I/O.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let blocksize = meta.blksize();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn blksize(&self) -> u64;
+    /// Returns the number of blocks allocated to the file, in 512-byte units.
+    ///
+    /// Please note that this may be smaller than `st_size / 512` when the file has holes.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("some_file")?;
+    ///     let blocks = meta.blocks();
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn blocks(&self) -> u64;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl MetadataExt for fs::Metadata {
+    fn dev(&self) -> u64 { self.st_dev() }
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64 { self.st_ino() }
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32 { self.st_mode() }
+    fn nlink(&self) -> u64 { self.st_nlink() }
+    fn uid(&self) -> u32 { self.st_uid() }
+    fn gid(&self) -> u32 { self.st_gid() }
+    fn rdev(&self) -> u64 { self.st_rdev() }
+    fn size(&self) -> u64 { self.st_size() }
+    fn atime(&self) -> i64 { self.st_atime() }
+    fn atime_nsec(&self) -> i64 { self.st_atime_nsec() }
+    fn mtime(&self) -> i64 { self.st_mtime() }
+    fn mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64 { self.st_mtime_nsec() }
+    fn ctime(&self) -> i64 { self.st_ctime() }
+    fn ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64 { self.st_ctime_nsec() }
+    fn blksize(&self) -> u64 { self.st_blksize() }
+    fn blocks(&self) -> u64 { self.st_blocks() }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions for [`FileType`].
+///
+/// Adds support for special Unix file types such as block/character devices,
+/// pipes, and sockets.
+///
+/// [`FileType`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.FileType.html
+#[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+pub trait FileTypeExt {
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a block device.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::FileTypeExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("block_device_file")?;
+    ///     let file_type = meta.file_type();
+    ///     assert!(file_type.is_block_device());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_block_device(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a char device.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::FileTypeExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("char_device_file")?;
+    ///     let file_type = meta.file_type();
+    ///     assert!(file_type.is_char_device());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_char_device(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a fifo.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::FileTypeExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("fifo_file")?;
+    ///     let file_type = meta.file_type();
+    ///     assert!(file_type.is_fifo());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_fifo(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a socket.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::FileTypeExt;
+    /// use std::io;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let meta = fs::metadata("unix.socket")?;
+    ///     let file_type = meta.file_type();
+    ///     assert!(file_type.is_socket());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_socket(&self) -> bool;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+impl FileTypeExt for fs::FileType {
+    fn is_block_device(&self) -> bool { self.as_inner().is(libc::S_IFBLK) }
+    fn is_char_device(&self) -> bool { self.as_inner().is(libc::S_IFCHR) }
+    fn is_fifo(&self) -> bool { self.as_inner().is(libc::S_IFIFO) }
+    fn is_socket(&self) -> bool { self.as_inner().is(libc::S_IFSOCK) }
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extension methods for [`fs::DirEntry`].
+///
+/// [`fs::DirEntry`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.DirEntry.html
+#[stable(feature = "dir_entry_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait DirEntryExt {
+    /// Returns the underlying `d_ino` field in the contained `dirent`
+    /// structure.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::fs;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::DirEntryExt;
+    ///
+    /// if let Ok(entries) = fs::read_dir(".") {
+    ///     for entry in entries {
+    ///         if let Ok(entry) = entry {
+    ///             // Here, `entry` is a `DirEntry`.
+    ///             println!("{:?}: {}", entry.file_name(), entry.ino());
+    ///         }
+    ///     }
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "dir_entry_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "dir_entry_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl DirEntryExt for fs::DirEntry {
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64 { 0u64 }
+}
+
+/// Creates a new symbolic link on the filesystem.
+///
+/// The `dst` path will be a symbolic link pointing to the `src` path.
+///
+/// # Note
+///
+/// On Windows, you must specify whether a symbolic link points to a file
+/// or directory.  Use `os::windows::fs::symlink_file` to create a
+/// symbolic link to a file, or `os::windows::fs::symlink_dir` to create a
+/// symbolic link to a directory.  Additionally, the process must have
+/// `SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege` in order to be able to create a
+/// symbolic link.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// use std::os::unix::fs;
+///
+/// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+///     fs::symlink("a.txt", "b.txt")?;
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
+/// ```
+#[stable(feature = "symlink", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub fn symlink<P: AsRef<Path>, Q: AsRef<Path>>(src: P, dst: Q) -> io::Result<()>
+{
+    sys::fs::symlink(src.as_ref(), dst.as_ref())
+}
+
+/// Unix-specific extensions to [`fs::DirBuilder`].
+///
+/// [`fs::DirBuilder`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html
+#[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+pub trait DirBuilderExt {
+    /// Sets the mode to create new directories with. This option defaults to
+    /// 0o777.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::DirBuilder;
+    /// use std::os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt;
+    ///
+    /// let mut builder = DirBuilder::new();
+    /// builder.mode(0o755);
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+impl DirBuilderExt for fs::DirBuilder {
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut fs::DirBuilder {
+        self.as_inner_mut().set_mode(mode);
+        self
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/ext/io.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Unix-specific extensions to general I/O primitives
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use fs;
+use os::raw;
+use sys;
+use io;
+use sys_common::{AsInner, FromInner, IntoInner};
+use libc;
+
+/// Raw file descriptors.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub type RawFd = raw::c_int;
+
+/// A trait to extract the raw unix file descriptor from an underlying
+/// object.
+///
+/// This is only available on unix platforms and must be imported in order
+/// to call the method. Windows platforms have a corresponding `AsRawHandle`
+/// and `AsRawSocket` set of traits.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait AsRawFd {
+    /// Extracts the raw file descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This method does **not** pass ownership of the raw file descriptor
+    /// to the caller. The descriptor is only guaranteed to be valid while
+    /// the original object has not yet been destroyed.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd;
+}
+
+/// A trait to express the ability to construct an object from a raw file
+/// descriptor.
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait FromRawFd {
+    /// Constructs a new instance of `Self` from the given raw file
+    /// descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This function **consumes ownership** of the specified file
+    /// descriptor. The returned object will take responsibility for closing
+    /// it when the object goes out of scope.
+    ///
+    /// This function is also unsafe as the primitives currently returned
+    /// have the contract that they are the sole owner of the file
+    /// descriptor they are wrapping. Usage of this function could
+    /// accidentally allow violating this contract which can cause memory
+    /// unsafety in code that relies on it being true.
+    #[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> Self;
+}
+
+/// A trait to express the ability to consume an object and acquire ownership of
+/// its raw file descriptor.
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+pub trait IntoRawFd {
+    /// Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This function **transfers ownership** of the underlying file descriptor
+    /// to the caller. Callers are then the unique owners of the file descriptor
+    /// and must close the descriptor once it's no longer needed.
+    #[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for fs::File {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for fs::File {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> fs::File {
+        fs::File::from_inner(sys::fs::File::from_inner(fd))
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for fs::File {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stdin {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { libc::STDIN_FILENO }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stdout {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { libc::STDOUT_FILENO }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stderr {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { libc::STDERR_FILENO }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/ext/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Copyright 2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Experimental extensions to `std` for Unix platforms.
+//!
+//! Provides access to platform-level information on Unix platforms, and
+//! exposes Unix-specific functions that would otherwise be inappropriate as
+//! part of the core `std` library.
+//!
+//! It exposes more ways to deal with platform-specific strings (`OsStr`,
+//! `OsString`), allows to set permissions more granularly, extract low-level
+//! file descriptors from files and sockets, and has platform-specific helpers
+//! for spawning processes.
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//!
+//! ```no_run
+//! use std::fs::File;
+//! use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+//!
+//! fn main() {
+//!     let f = File::create("foo.txt").unwrap();
+//!     let fd = f.as_raw_fd();
+//!
+//!     // use fd with native unix bindings
+//! }
+//! ```
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+#![doc(cfg(unix))]
+
+pub mod io;
+pub mod ffi;
+pub mod fs;
+pub mod raw;
+
+/// A prelude for conveniently writing platform-specific code.
+///
+/// Includes all extension traits, and some important type definitions.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub mod prelude {
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::io::{RawFd, AsRawFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::ffi::{OsStrExt, OsStringExt};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::fs::{PermissionsExt, OpenOptionsExt, MetadataExt, FileTypeExt};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::fs::DirEntryExt;
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
+    pub use super::fs::FileExt;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/ext/raw.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Unix-specific primitives available on all unix platforms
+
+#![stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+#![rustc_deprecated(since = "1.8.0",
+                    reason = "these type aliases are no longer supported by \
+                              the standard library, the `libc` crate on \
+                              crates.io should be used instead for the correct \
+                              definitions")]
+#![allow(deprecated)]
+
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type uid_t = u32;
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type gid_t = u32;
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")] pub type pid_t = i32;
+
+#[doc(inline)]
+#[stable(feature = "pthread_t", since = "1.8.0")]
+pub use sys::platform::raw::pthread_t;
+#[doc(inline)]
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub use sys::platform::raw::{dev_t, ino_t, mode_t, nlink_t, off_t, blksize_t};
+#[doc(inline)]
+#[stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub use sys::platform::raw::{blkcnt_t, time_t};

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/fast_thread_local.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg(target_thread_local)]
+#![unstable(feature = "thread_local_internals", issue = "0")]
+
+// Since what appears to be glibc 2.18 this symbol has been shipped which
+// GCC and clang both use to invoke destructors in thread_local globals, so
+// let's do the same!
+//
+// Note, however, that we run on lots older linuxes, as well as cross
+// compiling from a newer linux to an older linux, so we also have a
+// fallback implementation to use as well.
+//
+// Due to rust-lang/rust#18804, make sure this is not generic!
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+pub unsafe fn register_dtor(t: *mut u8, dtor: unsafe extern fn(*mut u8)) {
+    use libc;
+    use mem;
+    use sys_common::thread_local::register_dtor_fallback;
+
+    extern {
+        #[linkage = "extern_weak"]
+        static __dso_handle: *mut u8;
+        #[linkage = "extern_weak"]
+        static __cxa_thread_atexit_impl: *const libc::c_void;
+    }
+    if !__cxa_thread_atexit_impl.is_null() {
+        type F = unsafe extern fn(dtor: unsafe extern fn(*mut u8),
+                                  arg: *mut u8,
+                                  dso_handle: *mut u8) -> libc::c_int;
+        mem::transmute::<*const libc::c_void, F>(__cxa_thread_atexit_impl)
+            (dtor, t, &__dso_handle as *const _ as *mut _);
+        return
+    }
+    register_dtor_fallback(t, dtor);
+}
+
+// macOS's analog of the above linux function is this _tlv_atexit function.
+// The disassembly of thread_local globals in C++ (at least produced by
+// clang) will have this show up in the output.
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+pub unsafe fn register_dtor(t: *mut u8, dtor: unsafe extern fn(*mut u8)) {
+    extern {
+        fn _tlv_atexit(dtor: unsafe extern fn(*mut u8),
+                       arg: *mut u8);
+    }
+    _tlv_atexit(dtor, t);
+}
+
+// Just use the thread_local fallback implementation, at least until there's
+// a more direct implementation.
+#[cfg(target_os = "fuchsia")]
+pub use sys_common::thread_local::register_dtor_fallback as register_dtor;
+
+pub fn requires_move_before_drop() -> bool {
+    // The macOS implementation of TLS apparently had an odd aspect to it
+    // where the pointer we have may be overwritten while this destructor
+    // is running. Specifically if a TLS destructor re-accesses TLS it may
+    // trigger a re-initialization of all TLS variables, paving over at
+    // least some destroyed ones with initial values.
+    //
+    // This means that if we drop a TLS value in place on macOS that we could
+    // revert the value to its original state halfway through the
+    // destructor, which would be bad!
+    //
+    // Hence, we use `ptr::read` on macOS (to move to a "safe" location)
+    // instead of drop_in_place.
+    cfg!(target_os = "macos")
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/fd.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![unstable(reason = "not public", issue = "0", feature = "fd")]
+
+use cmp;
+use io::{self, Read};
+use libc::{self, c_int, c_void, ssize_t};
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use sys::cvt;
+use sys_common::AsInner;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct FileDesc {
+    fd: c_int,
+}
+
+fn max_len() -> usize {
+    // The maximum read limit on most posix-like systems is `SSIZE_MAX`,
+    // with the man page quoting that if the count of bytes to read is
+    // greater than `SSIZE_MAX` the result is "unspecified".
+    //
+    // On macOS, however, apparently the 64-bit libc is either buggy or
+    // intentionally showing odd behavior by rejecting any read with a size
+    // larger than or equal to INT_MAX. To handle both of these the read
+    // size is capped on both platforms.
+    if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+        <c_int>::max_value() as usize - 1
+    } else {
+        <ssize_t>::max_value() as usize
+    }
+}
+
+impl FileDesc {
+    pub fn new(fd: c_int) -> FileDesc {
+        FileDesc { fd: fd }
+    }
+
+    pub fn raw(&self) -> c_int { self.fd }
+
+    /// Extracts the actual filedescriptor without closing it.
+    pub fn into_raw(self) -> c_int {
+        let fd = self.fd;
+        mem::forget(self);
+        fd
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let ret = cvt(unsafe {
+            libc::read(self.fd,
+                       buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_void,
+                       cmp::min(buf.len(), max_len()))
+        })?;
+        Ok(ret as usize)
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_to_end(&self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let mut me = self;
+        (&mut me).read_to_end(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+        use super::android::cvt_pread64;
+
+        #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+        unsafe fn cvt_pread64(fd: c_int, buf: *mut c_void, count: usize, offset: i64)
+            -> io::Result<isize>
+        {
+            use convert::TryInto;
+            use libc::pread64;
+            // pread64 on emscripten actually takes a 32 bit offset
+            if let Ok(o) = offset.try_into() {
+                cvt(pread64(fd, buf, count, o))
+            } else {
+                Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                   "cannot pread >2GB"))
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "emscripten")))]
+        unsafe fn cvt_pread64(fd: c_int, buf: *mut c_void, count: usize, offset: i64)
+            -> io::Result<isize>
+        {
+            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+            use libc::pread64;
+            #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+            use libc::pread as pread64;
+            cvt(pread64(fd, buf, count, offset))
+        }
+
+        unsafe {
+            cvt_pread64(self.fd,
+                        buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_void,
+                        cmp::min(buf.len(), max_len()),
+                        offset as i64)
+                .map(|n| n as usize)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let ret = cvt(unsafe {
+            libc::write(self.fd,
+                        buf.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
+                        cmp::min(buf.len(), max_len()))
+        })?;
+        Ok(ret as usize)
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_at(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+        use super::android::cvt_pwrite64;
+
+        #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+        unsafe fn cvt_pwrite64(fd: c_int, buf: *const c_void, count: usize, offset: i64)
+            -> io::Result<isize>
+        {
+            use convert::TryInto;
+            use libc::pwrite64;
+            // pwrite64 on emscripten actually takes a 32 bit offset
+            if let Ok(o) = offset.try_into() {
+                cvt(pwrite64(fd, buf, count, o))
+            } else {
+                Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                   "cannot pwrite >2GB"))
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "emscripten")))]
+        unsafe fn cvt_pwrite64(fd: c_int, buf: *const c_void, count: usize, offset: i64)
+            -> io::Result<isize>
+        {
+            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+            use libc::pwrite64;
+            #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+            use libc::pwrite as pwrite64;
+            cvt(pwrite64(fd, buf, count, offset))
+        }
+
+        unsafe {
+            cvt_pwrite64(self.fd,
+                         buf.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
+                         cmp::min(buf.len(), max_len()),
+                         offset as i64)
+                .map(|n| n as usize)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // We don't have fork/exec on the 3DS, so this shouldn't need to do anything
+    #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")]
+    pub fn set_cloexec(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    pub fn get_cloexec(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        unsafe {
+            Ok((cvt(libc::fcntl(self.fd, libc::F_GETFD))? & libc::FD_CLOEXEC) != 0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        unsafe {
+            let v = nonblocking as c_int;
+            cvt(libc::ioctl(self.fd, libc::FIONBIO, &v))?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        unsafe {
+            let previous = cvt(libc::fcntl(self.fd, libc::F_GETFL))?;
+            let new = if nonblocking {
+                previous | libc::O_NONBLOCK
+            } else {
+                previous & !libc::O_NONBLOCK
+            };
+            if new != previous {
+                cvt(libc::fcntl(self.fd, libc::F_SETFL, new))?;
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<FileDesc> {
+        // We want to atomically duplicate this file descriptor and set the
+        // CLOEXEC flag, and currently that's done via F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC. This
+        // flag, however, isn't supported on older Linux kernels (earlier than
+        // 2.6.24).
+        //
+        // To detect this and ensure that CLOEXEC is still set, we
+        // follow a strategy similar to musl [1] where if passing
+        // F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC causes `fcntl` to return EINVAL it means it's not
+        // supported (the third parameter, 0, is always valid), so we stop
+        // trying that.
+        //
+        // Also note that Android doesn't have F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, but get it to
+        // resolve so we at least compile this.
+        //
+        // [1]: http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.linux.lib.musl.general/2963
+        #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "haiku"))]
+        use libc::F_DUPFD as F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC;
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os="haiku")))]
+        use libc::F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC;
+
+        let make_filedesc = |fd| {
+            let fd = FileDesc::new(fd);
+            fd.set_cloexec()?;
+            Ok(fd)
+        };
+        static TRY_CLOEXEC: AtomicBool =
+            AtomicBool::new(!cfg!(target_os = "android"));
+        let fd = self.raw();
+        if TRY_CLOEXEC.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+            match cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0) }) {
+                // We *still* call the `set_cloexec` method as apparently some
+                // linux kernel at some point stopped setting CLOEXEC even
+                // though it reported doing so on F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.
+                Ok(fd) => {
+                    return Ok(if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
+                        make_filedesc(fd)?
+                    } else {
+                        FileDesc::new(fd)
+                    })
+                }
+                Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINVAL) => {
+                    TRY_CLOEXEC.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                }
+                Err(e) => return Err(e),
+            }
+        }
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_DUPFD, 0) }).and_then(make_filedesc)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Read for &'a FileDesc {
+    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        (**self).read(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsInner<c_int> for FileDesc {
+    fn as_inner(&self) -> &c_int { &self.fd }
+}
+
+impl Drop for FileDesc {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // Note that errors are ignored when closing a file descriptor. The
+        // reason for this is that if an error occurs we don't actually know if
+        // the file descriptor was closed or not, and if we retried (for
+        // something like EINTR), we might close another valid file descriptor
+        // (opened after we closed ours.
+        let _ = unsafe { libc::close(self.fd) };
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,928 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use os::unix::prelude::*;
+
+use ffi::{CString, CStr, OsString, OsStr};
+use fmt;
+use io::{self, Error, ErrorKind, SeekFrom};
+use libc::{self, c_int, mode_t};
+use mem;
+use path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use ptr;
+use sync::Arc;
+use sys::fd::FileDesc;
+use sys::time::SystemTime;
+use sys::{cvt, cvt_r};
+use sys_common::{AsInner, FromInner};
+
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "l4re"))]
+use libc::{stat64, fstat64, lstat64, off64_t, ftruncate64, lseek64, dirent64, readdir64_r, open64};
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "android"))]
+use libc::{fstatat, dirfd};
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+use libc::{stat as stat64, fstat as fstat64, lstat as lstat64, lseek64,
+           dirent as dirent64, open as open64};
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "emscripten",
+              target_os = "l4re",
+              target_os = "android")))]
+use libc::{stat as stat64, fstat as fstat64, lstat as lstat64, off_t as off64_t,
+           ftruncate as ftruncate64, lseek as lseek64, dirent as dirent64, open as open64};
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "emscripten",
+              target_os = "solaris",
+              target_os = "l4re",
+              target_os = "fuchsia")))]
+use libc::{readdir_r as readdir64_r};
+
+pub struct File(FileDesc);
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct FileAttr {
+    stat: stat64,
+}
+
+// all DirEntry's will have a reference to this struct
+struct InnerReadDir {
+    dirp: Dir,
+    root: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ReadDir(Arc<InnerReadDir>);
+
+struct Dir(*mut libc::DIR);
+
+unsafe impl Send for Dir {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Dir {}
+
+pub struct DirEntry {
+    entry: dirent64,
+    dir: ReadDir,
+    // We need to store an owned copy of the entry name
+    // on Solaris and Fuchsia because a) it uses a zero-length
+    // array to store the name, b) its lifetime between readdir
+    // calls is not guaranteed.
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "fuchsia"))]
+    name: Box<[u8]>
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OpenOptions {
+    // generic
+    read: bool,
+    write: bool,
+    append: bool,
+    truncate: bool,
+    create: bool,
+    create_new: bool,
+    // system-specific
+    custom_flags: i32,
+    mode: mode_t,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+pub struct FilePermissions { mode: mode_t }
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
+pub struct FileType { mode: mode_t }
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct DirBuilder { mode: mode_t }
+
+impl FileAttr {
+    pub fn size(&self) -> u64 { self.stat.st_size as u64 }
+    pub fn perm(&self) -> FilePermissions {
+        FilePermissions { mode: (self.stat.st_mode as mode_t) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_type(&self) -> FileType {
+        FileType { mode: self.stat.st_mode as mode_t }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "netbsd")]
+impl FileAttr {
+    pub fn modified(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_mtime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: self.stat.st_mtimensec as libc::c_long,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    pub fn accessed(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_atime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: self.stat.st_atimensec as libc::c_long,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    pub fn created(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_birthtime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: self.stat.st_birthtimensec as libc::c_long,
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "netbsd"))]
+impl FileAttr {
+    pub fn modified(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_mtime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: 0 as _,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    pub fn accessed(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_atime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: 0 as _,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "bitrig",
+              target_os = "freebsd",
+              target_os = "openbsd",
+              target_os = "macos",
+              target_os = "ios"))]
+    pub fn created(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Ok(SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+            tv_sec: self.stat.st_birthtime as libc::time_t,
+            tv_nsec: self.stat.st_birthtime_nsec as libc::c_long,
+        }))
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "bitrig",
+                  target_os = "freebsd",
+                  target_os = "openbsd",
+                  target_os = "macos",
+                  target_os = "ios")))]
+    pub fn created(&self) -> io::Result<SystemTime> {
+        Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                           "creation time is not available on this platform \
+                            currently"))
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsInner<stat64> for FileAttr {
+    fn as_inner(&self) -> &stat64 { &self.stat }
+}
+
+impl FilePermissions {
+    pub fn readonly(&self) -> bool {
+        // check if any class (owner, group, others) has write permission
+        self.mode & 0o222 == 0
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_readonly(&mut self, readonly: bool) {
+        if readonly {
+            // remove write permission for all classes; equivalent to `chmod a-w <file>`
+            self.mode &= !0o222;
+        } else {
+            // add write permission for all classes; equivalent to `chmod a+w <file>`
+            self.mode |= 0o222;
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn mode(&self) -> u32 { self.mode as u32 }
+}
+
+impl FileType {
+    pub fn is_dir(&self) -> bool { self.is(libc::S_IFDIR) }
+    pub fn is_file(&self) -> bool { self.is(libc::S_IFREG) }
+    pub fn is_symlink(&self) -> bool { self.is(libc::S_IFLNK) }
+
+    pub fn is(&self, mode: mode_t) -> bool { self.mode & libc::S_IFMT == mode }
+}
+
+impl FromInner<u32> for FilePermissions {
+    fn from_inner(mode: u32) -> FilePermissions {
+        FilePermissions { mode: mode as mode_t }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for ReadDir {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        // This will only be called from std::fs::ReadDir, which will add a "ReadDir()" frame.
+        // Thus the result will be e g 'ReadDir("/home")'
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(&*self.0.root, f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for ReadDir {
+    type Item = io::Result<DirEntry>;
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "fuchsia"))]
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<io::Result<DirEntry>> {
+        unsafe {
+            loop {
+                // Although readdir_r(3) would be a correct function to use here because
+                // of the thread safety, on Illumos and Fuchsia the readdir(3C) function
+                // is safe to use in threaded applications and it is generally preferred
+                // over the readdir_r(3C) function.
+                super::os::set_errno(0);
+                let entry_ptr = libc::readdir(self.0.dirp.0);
+                if entry_ptr.is_null() {
+                    // NULL can mean either the end is reached or an error occurred.
+                    // So we had to clear errno beforehand to check for an error now.
+                    return match super::os::errno() {
+                        0 => None,
+                        e => Some(Err(Error::from_raw_os_error(e))),
+                    }
+                }
+
+                let name = (*entry_ptr).d_name.as_ptr() as *const u8;
+                let namelen = libc::strlen(name) as usize;
+
+                let ret = DirEntry {
+                    entry: *entry_ptr,
+                    name: ::slice::from_raw_parts(name as *const u8,
+                                                  namelen as usize).to_owned().into_boxed_slice(),
+                    dir: self.clone()
+                };
+                if ret.name_bytes() != b"." && ret.name_bytes() != b".." {
+                    return Some(Ok(ret))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "fuchsia")))]
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<io::Result<DirEntry>> {
+        unsafe {
+            let mut ret = DirEntry {
+                entry: mem::zeroed(),
+                dir: self.clone(),
+            };
+            let mut entry_ptr = ptr::null_mut();
+            loop {
+                if readdir64_r(self.0.dirp.0, &mut ret.entry, &mut entry_ptr) != 0 {
+                    return Some(Err(Error::last_os_error()))
+                }
+                if entry_ptr.is_null() {
+                    return None
+                }
+                if ret.name_bytes() != b"." && ret.name_bytes() != b".." {
+                    return Some(Ok(ret))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Dir {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let r = unsafe { libc::closedir(self.0) };
+        debug_assert_eq!(r, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+impl DirEntry {
+    pub fn path(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        self.dir.0.root.join(OsStr::from_bytes(self.name_bytes()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_name(&self) -> OsString {
+        OsStr::from_bytes(self.name_bytes()).to_os_string()
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "android"))]
+    pub fn metadata(&self) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+        let fd = cvt(unsafe {dirfd(self.dir.0.dirp.0)})?;
+        let mut stat: stat64 = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        cvt(unsafe {
+            fstatat(fd,
+                    self.entry.d_name.as_ptr() as *const u8,
+                    &mut stat as *mut _ as *mut _,
+                    libc::AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW)
+        })?;
+        Ok(FileAttr { stat: stat })
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "android")))]
+    pub fn metadata(&self) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+        lstat(&self.path())
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "haiku"))]
+    pub fn file_type(&self) -> io::Result<FileType> {
+        lstat(&self.path()).map(|m| m.file_type())
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "haiku")))]
+    pub fn file_type(&self) -> io::Result<FileType> {
+        match self.entry.d_type {
+            libc::DT_CHR => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFCHR }),
+            libc::DT_FIFO => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFIFO }),
+            libc::DT_LNK => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFLNK }),
+            libc::DT_REG => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFREG }),
+            libc::DT_SOCK => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFSOCK }),
+            libc::DT_DIR => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFDIR }),
+            libc::DT_BLK => Ok(FileType { mode: libc::S_IFBLK }),
+            _ => lstat(&self.path()).map(|m| m.file_type()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "macos",
+              target_os = "ios",
+              target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "emscripten",
+              target_os = "android",
+              target_os = "solaris",
+              target_os = "haiku",
+              target_os = "l4re",
+              target_os = "fuchsia"))]
+    pub fn ino(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.entry.d_ino as u64
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "freebsd",
+              target_os = "openbsd",
+              target_os = "bitrig",
+              target_os = "netbsd",
+              target_os = "dragonfly"))]
+    pub fn ino(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.entry.d_fileno as u64
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "macos",
+              target_os = "ios",
+              target_os = "netbsd",
+              target_os = "openbsd",
+              target_os = "freebsd",
+              target_os = "dragonfly",
+              target_os = "bitrig"))]
+    fn name_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        unsafe {
+            ::slice::from_raw_parts(self.entry.d_name.as_ptr() as *const u8 as *const u8,
+                                    self.entry.d_namlen as usize)
+        }
+    }
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android",
+              target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "emscripten",
+              target_os = "l4re",
+              target_os = "haiku",
+              target_os = "horizon"))]
+    fn name_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        unsafe {
+            CStr::from_ptr(self.entry.d_name.as_ptr() as *const i8).to_bytes()
+        }
+    }
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "solaris",
+              target_os = "fuchsia"))]
+    fn name_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &*self.name
+    }
+}
+
+impl OpenOptions {
+    pub fn new() -> OpenOptions {
+        OpenOptions {
+            // generic
+            read: false,
+            write: false,
+            append: false,
+            truncate: false,
+            create: false,
+            create_new: false,
+            // system-specific
+            custom_flags: 0,
+            mode: 0o666,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&mut self, read: bool) { self.read = read; }
+    pub fn write(&mut self, write: bool) { self.write = write; }
+    pub fn append(&mut self, append: bool) { self.append = append; }
+    pub fn truncate(&mut self, truncate: bool) { self.truncate = truncate; }
+    pub fn create(&mut self, create: bool) { self.create = create; }
+    pub fn create_new(&mut self, create_new: bool) { self.create_new = create_new; }
+
+    pub fn custom_flags(&mut self, flags: i32) { self.custom_flags = flags; }
+    pub fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) { self.mode = mode as mode_t; }
+
+    fn get_access_mode(&self) -> io::Result<c_int> {
+        match (self.read, self.write, self.append) {
+            (true,  false, false) => Ok(libc::O_RDONLY),
+            (false, true,  false) => Ok(libc::O_WRONLY),
+            (true,  true,  false) => Ok(libc::O_RDWR),
+            (false, _,     true)  => Ok(libc::O_WRONLY | libc::O_APPEND),
+            (true,  _,     true)  => Ok(libc::O_RDWR | libc::O_APPEND),
+            (false, false, false) => Err(Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::EINVAL)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_creation_mode(&self) -> io::Result<c_int> {
+        match (self.write, self.append) {
+            (true, false) => {}
+            (false, false) =>
+                if self.truncate || self.create || self.create_new {
+                    return Err(Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::EINVAL));
+                },
+            (_, true) =>
+                if self.truncate && !self.create_new {
+                    return Err(Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::EINVAL));
+                },
+        }
+
+        Ok(match (self.create, self.truncate, self.create_new) {
+                (false, false, false) => 0,
+                (true,  false, false) => libc::O_CREAT,
+                (false, true,  false) => libc::O_TRUNC,
+                (true,  true,  false) => libc::O_CREAT | libc::O_TRUNC,
+                (_,      _,    true)  => libc::O_CREAT | libc::O_EXCL,
+           })
+    }
+}
+
+impl File {
+    pub fn open(path: &Path, opts: &OpenOptions) -> io::Result<File> {
+        let path = cstr(path)?;
+        File::open_c(&path, opts)
+    }
+
+    pub fn open_c(path: &CStr, opts: &OpenOptions) -> io::Result<File> {
+        let flags = libc::O_CLOEXEC |
+                    opts.get_access_mode()? |
+                    opts.get_creation_mode()? |
+                    (opts.custom_flags as c_int & !libc::O_ACCMODE);
+        let fd = cvt_r(|| unsafe {
+            open64(path.as_ptr() as *const u8, flags, opts.mode as c_int)
+        })?;
+        let fd = FileDesc::new(fd);
+
+        // Currently the standard library supports Linux 2.6.18 which did not
+        // have the O_CLOEXEC flag (passed above). If we're running on an older
+        // Linux kernel then the flag is just ignored by the OS. After we open
+        // the first file, we check whether it has CLOEXEC set. If it doesn't,
+        // we will explicitly ask for a CLOEXEC fd for every further file we
+        // open, if it does, we will skip that step.
+        //
+        // The CLOEXEC flag, however, is supported on versions of macOS/BSD/etc
+        // that we support, so we only do this on Linux currently.
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        fn ensure_cloexec(fd: &FileDesc) -> io::Result<()> {
+            use sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+
+            const OPEN_CLOEXEC_UNKNOWN: usize = 0;
+            const OPEN_CLOEXEC_SUPPORTED: usize = 1;
+            const OPEN_CLOEXEC_NOTSUPPORTED: usize = 2;
+            static OPEN_CLOEXEC: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(OPEN_CLOEXEC_UNKNOWN);
+
+            let need_to_set;
+            match OPEN_CLOEXEC.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                OPEN_CLOEXEC_UNKNOWN => {
+                    need_to_set = !fd.get_cloexec()?;
+                    OPEN_CLOEXEC.store(if need_to_set {
+                        OPEN_CLOEXEC_NOTSUPPORTED
+                    } else {
+                        OPEN_CLOEXEC_SUPPORTED
+                    }, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                },
+                OPEN_CLOEXEC_SUPPORTED => need_to_set = false,
+                OPEN_CLOEXEC_NOTSUPPORTED => need_to_set = true,
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            }
+            if need_to_set {
+                fd.set_cloexec()?;
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+        fn ensure_cloexec(_: &FileDesc) -> io::Result<()> {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        ensure_cloexec(&fd)?;
+        Ok(File(fd))
+    }
+
+    pub fn file_attr(&self) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+        let mut stat: stat64 = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        cvt(unsafe {
+            fstat64(self.0.raw(), &mut stat)
+        })?;
+        Ok(FileAttr { stat: stat })
+    }
+
+    pub fn fsync(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        cvt_r(|| unsafe { libc::fsync(self.0.raw()) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn datasync(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        cvt_r(|| unsafe { os_datasync(self.0.raw()) })?;
+        return Ok(());
+
+        #[cfg(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "ios"))]
+        unsafe fn os_datasync(fd: c_int) -> c_int {
+            libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_FULLFSYNC)
+        }
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        unsafe fn os_datasync(fd: c_int) -> c_int { libc::fdatasync(fd) }
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "macos",
+                      target_os = "ios",
+                      target_os = "linux")))]
+        unsafe fn os_datasync(fd: c_int) -> c_int { libc::fsync(fd) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn truncate(&self, size: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+        return ::sys::android::ftruncate64(self.0.raw(), size);
+
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
+        return cvt_r(|| unsafe {
+            ftruncate64(self.0.raw(), size as off64_t)
+        }).map(|_| ());
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.read(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.read_at(buf, offset)
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.write(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_at(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.write_at(buf, offset)
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> { Ok(()) }
+
+    pub fn seek(&self, pos: SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
+        let (whence, pos) = match pos {
+            // Casting to `i64` is fine, too large values will end up as
+            // negative which will cause an error in `lseek64`.
+            SeekFrom::Start(off) => (libc::SEEK_SET, off as i64),
+            SeekFrom::End(off) => (libc::SEEK_END, off),
+            SeekFrom::Current(off) => (libc::SEEK_CUR, off),
+        };
+        #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+        let pos = pos as i32;
+        let n = cvt(unsafe { lseek64(self.0.raw(), pos, whence) })?;
+        Ok(n as u64)
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<File> {
+        self.0.duplicate().map(File)
+    }
+
+    pub fn fd(&self) -> &FileDesc { &self.0 }
+
+    pub fn into_fd(self) -> FileDesc { self.0 }
+
+    pub fn set_permissions(&self, perm: FilePermissions) -> io::Result<()> {
+        cvt_r(|| unsafe { libc::fchmod(self.0.raw(), perm.mode) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl DirBuilder {
+    pub fn new() -> DirBuilder {
+        DirBuilder { mode: 0o777 }
+    }
+
+    pub fn mkdir(&self, p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let p = cstr(p)?;
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::mkdir(p.as_ptr() as *const u8, self.mode) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: u32) {
+        self.mode = mode as mode_t;
+    }
+}
+
+fn cstr(path: &Path) -> io::Result<CString> {
+    Ok(CString::new(path.as_os_str().as_bytes())?)
+}
+
+impl FromInner<c_int> for File {
+    fn from_inner(fd: c_int) -> File {
+        File(FileDesc::new(fd))
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for File {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        fn get_path(fd: c_int) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+            let mut p = PathBuf::from("/proc/self/fd");
+            p.push(&fd.to_string());
+            readlink(&p).ok()
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+        fn get_path(fd: c_int) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+            // FIXME: The use of PATH_MAX is generally not encouraged, but it
+            // is inevitable in this case because macOS defines `fcntl` with
+            // `F_GETPATH` in terms of `MAXPATHLEN`, and there are no
+            // alternatives. If a better method is invented, it should be used
+            // instead.
+            let mut buf = vec![0;libc::PATH_MAX as usize];
+            let n = unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETPATH, buf.as_ptr() as *const u8) };
+            if n == -1 {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let l = buf.iter().position(|&c| c == 0).unwrap();
+            buf.truncate(l as usize);
+            buf.shrink_to_fit();
+            Some(PathBuf::from(OsString::from_vec(buf)))
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos")))]
+        fn get_path(_fd: c_int) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+            // FIXME(#24570): implement this for other Unix platforms
+            None
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos"))]
+        fn get_mode(fd: c_int) -> Option<(bool, bool)> {
+            let mode = unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETFL) };
+            if mode == -1 {
+                return None;
+            }
+            match mode & libc::O_ACCMODE {
+                libc::O_RDONLY => Some((true, false)),
+                libc::O_RDWR => Some((true, true)),
+                libc::O_WRONLY => Some((false, true)),
+                _ => None
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "macos")))]
+        fn get_mode(_fd: c_int) -> Option<(bool, bool)> {
+            // FIXME(#24570): implement this for other Unix platforms
+            None
+        }
+
+        let fd = self.0.raw();
+        let mut b = f.debug_struct("File");
+        b.field("fd", &fd);
+        if let Some(path) = get_path(fd) {
+            b.field("path", &path);
+        }
+        if let Some((read, write)) = get_mode(fd) {
+            b.field("read", &read).field("write", &write);
+        }
+        b.finish()
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn readdir(p: &Path) -> io::Result<ReadDir> {
+    let root = p.to_path_buf();
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    unsafe {
+        let ptr = libc::opendir(p.as_ptr() as *const u8);
+        if ptr.is_null() {
+            Err(Error::last_os_error())
+        } else {
+            let inner = InnerReadDir { dirp: Dir(ptr), root };
+            Ok(ReadDir(Arc::new(inner)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn unlink(p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::unlink(p.as_ptr() as *const u8) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn rename(old: &Path, new: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let old = cstr(old)?;
+    let new = cstr(new)?;
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::rename(old.as_ptr() as *const u8, new.as_ptr() as *const u8) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn set_perm(p: &Path, perm: FilePermissions) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    cvt_r(|| unsafe { libc::chmod(p.as_ptr() as *const u8, perm.mode) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn rmdir(p: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::rmdir(p.as_ptr() as *const u8) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn remove_dir_all(path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let filetype = lstat(path)?.file_type();
+    if filetype.is_symlink() {
+        unlink(path)
+    } else {
+        remove_dir_all_recursive(path)
+    }
+}
+
+fn remove_dir_all_recursive(path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    for child in readdir(path)? {
+        let child = child?;
+        if child.file_type()?.is_dir() {
+            remove_dir_all_recursive(&child.path())?;
+        } else {
+            unlink(&child.path())?;
+        }
+    }
+    rmdir(path)
+}
+
+pub fn readlink(p: &Path) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    let c_path = cstr(p)?;
+    let p = c_path.as_ptr() as *const u8;
+
+    let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(256);
+
+    loop {
+        let buf_read = cvt(unsafe {
+            libc::readlink(p, buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut _, buf.capacity())
+        })? as usize;
+
+        unsafe { buf.set_len(buf_read); }
+
+        if buf_read != buf.capacity() {
+            buf.shrink_to_fit();
+
+            return Ok(PathBuf::from(OsString::from_vec(buf)));
+        }
+
+        // Trigger the internal buffer resizing logic of `Vec` by requiring
+        // more space than the current capacity. The length is guaranteed to be
+        // the same as the capacity due to the if statement above.
+        buf.reserve(1);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn symlink(src: &Path, dst: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let src = cstr(src)?;
+    let dst = cstr(dst)?;
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::symlink(src.as_ptr() as *const u8, dst.as_ptr() as *const u8) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn link(src: &Path, dst: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let src = cstr(src)?;
+    let dst = cstr(dst)?;
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::link(src.as_ptr() as *const u8, dst.as_ptr() as *const u8) })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn stat(p: &Path) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    let mut stat: stat64 = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+    cvt(unsafe {
+        stat64(p.as_ptr() as *const u8, &mut stat as *mut _ as *mut _)
+    })?;
+    Ok(FileAttr { stat: stat })
+}
+
+pub fn lstat(p: &Path) -> io::Result<FileAttr> {
+    let p = cstr(p)?;
+    let mut stat: stat64 = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+    cvt(unsafe {
+        lstat64(p.as_ptr() as *const u8, &mut stat as *mut _ as *mut _)
+    })?;
+    Ok(FileAttr { stat: stat })
+}
+
+pub fn canonicalize(p: &Path) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    let path = CString::new(p.as_os_str().as_bytes())?;
+    let buf;
+    unsafe {
+        let r = libc::realpath(path.as_ptr() as *const u8, ptr::null_mut());
+        if r.is_null() {
+            return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+        }
+        buf = CStr::from_ptr(r as *const i8).to_bytes().to_vec();
+        libc::free(r as *mut _);
+    }
+    Ok(PathBuf::from(OsString::from_vec(buf)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))]
+pub fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path) -> io::Result<u64> {
+    use fs::File;
+    if !from.is_file() {
+        return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                              "the source path is not an existing regular file"))
+    }
+
+    let mut reader = File::open(from)?;
+    let mut writer = File::create(to)?;
+    let perm = reader.metadata()?.permissions();
+
+    let ret = io::copy(&mut reader, &mut writer)?;
+    writer.set_permissions(perm)?;
+    Ok(ret)
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android"))]
+pub fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path) -> io::Result<u64> {
+    use cmp;
+    use fs::File;
+    use sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+
+    // Kernel prior to 4.5 don't have copy_file_range
+    // We store the availability in a global to avoid unneccessary syscalls
+    static HAS_COPY_FILE_RANGE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
+
+    unsafe fn copy_file_range(
+        fd_in: libc::c_int,
+        off_in: *mut libc::loff_t,
+        fd_out: libc::c_int,
+        off_out: *mut libc::loff_t,
+        len: libc::size_t,
+        flags: libc::c_uint,
+    ) -> libc::c_long {
+        libc::syscall(
+            libc::SYS_copy_file_range,
+            fd_in,
+            off_in,
+            fd_out,
+            off_out,
+            len,
+            flags,
+        )
+    }
+
+    if !from.is_file() {
+        return Err(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                              "the source path is not an existing regular file"))
+    }
+
+    let mut reader = File::open(from)?;
+    let mut writer = File::create(to)?;
+    let (perm, len) = {
+        let metadata = reader.metadata()?;
+        (metadata.permissions(), metadata.size())
+    };
+
+    let has_copy_file_range = HAS_COPY_FILE_RANGE.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+    let mut written = 0u64;
+    while written < len {
+        let copy_result = if has_copy_file_range {
+            let bytes_to_copy = cmp::min(len - written, usize::max_value() as u64) as usize;
+            let copy_result = unsafe {
+                // We actually don't have to adjust the offsets,
+                // because copy_file_range adjusts the file offset automatically
+                cvt(copy_file_range(reader.as_raw_fd(),
+                                    ptr::null_mut(),
+                                    writer.as_raw_fd(),
+                                    ptr::null_mut(),
+                                    bytes_to_copy,
+                                    0)
+                    )
+            };
+            if let Err(ref copy_err) = copy_result {
+                match copy_err.raw_os_error() {
+                    Some(libc::ENOSYS) | Some(libc::EPERM) => {
+                        HAS_COPY_FILE_RANGE.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+            copy_result
+        } else {
+            Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::ENOSYS))
+        };
+        match copy_result {
+            Ok(ret) => written += ret as u64,
+            Err(err) => {
+                match err.raw_os_error() {
+                    Some(os_err) if os_err == libc::ENOSYS
+                                 || os_err == libc::EXDEV
+                                 || os_err == libc::EPERM => {
+                        // Try fallback io::copy if either:
+                        // - Kernel version is < 4.5 (ENOSYS)
+                        // - Files are mounted on different fs (EXDEV)
+                        // - copy_file_range is disallowed, for example by seccomp (EPERM)
+                        assert_eq!(written, 0);
+                        let ret = io::copy(&mut reader, &mut writer)?;
+                        writer.set_permissions(perm)?;
+                        return Ok(ret)
+                    },
+                    _ => return Err(err),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    writer.set_permissions(perm)?;
+    Ok(written)
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/l4re.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+// Copyright 2016-2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+macro_rules! unimpl {
+    () => (return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "No networking available on L4Re."));)
+}
+
+pub mod net {
+    #![allow(warnings)]
+    use fmt;
+    use io;
+    use libc;
+    use net::{SocketAddr, Shutdown, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr};
+    use sys_common::{AsInner, FromInner, IntoInner};
+    use sys::fd::FileDesc;
+    use time::Duration;
+
+
+    pub extern crate libc as netc;
+
+    pub struct Socket(FileDesc);
+    impl Socket {
+        pub fn new(_: &SocketAddr, _: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn new_raw(_: libc::c_int, _: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn new_pair(_: libc::c_int, _: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<(Socket, Socket)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn connect_timeout(&self, _: &SocketAddr, _: Duration) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn accept(&self, _: *mut libc::sockaddr, _: *mut libc::socklen_t)
+                  -> io::Result<Socket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn read(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peek(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn recv_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peek_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn write(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>, _: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn timeout(&self, _: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn shutdown(&self, _: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nodelay(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl AsInner<libc::c_int> for Socket {
+        fn as_inner(&self) -> &libc::c_int { self.0.as_inner() }
+    }
+
+    impl FromInner<libc::c_int> for Socket {
+        fn from_inner(fd: libc::c_int) -> Socket { Socket(FileDesc::new(fd)) }
+    }
+
+    impl IntoInner<libc::c_int> for Socket {
+        fn into_inner(self) -> libc::c_int { self.0.into_raw() }
+    }
+
+    pub struct TcpStream {
+        inner: Socket,
+    }
+
+    impl TcpStream {
+        pub fn connect(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn connect_timeout(_: &SocketAddr, _: Duration) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn socket(&self) -> &Socket { &self.inner }
+
+        pub fn into_socket(self) -> Socket { self.inner }
+
+        pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peek(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn read(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn write(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn shutdown(&self, _: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nodelay(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl FromInner<Socket> for TcpStream {
+        fn from_inner(socket: Socket) -> TcpStream {
+            TcpStream { inner: socket }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl fmt::Debug for TcpStream {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+            write!(f, "No networking support available on L4Re")
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub struct TcpListener {
+        inner: Socket,
+    }
+
+    impl TcpListener {
+        pub fn bind(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn socket(&self) -> &Socket { &self.inner }
+
+        pub fn into_socket(self) -> Socket { self.inner }
+
+        pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn accept(&self) -> io::Result<(TcpStream, SocketAddr)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_only_v6(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn only_v6(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl FromInner<Socket> for TcpListener {
+        fn from_inner(socket: Socket) -> TcpListener {
+            TcpListener { inner: socket }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl fmt::Debug for TcpListener {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+            write!(f, "No networking support available on L4Re.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub struct UdpSocket {
+        inner: Socket,
+    }
+
+    impl UdpSocket {
+        pub fn bind(_: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<UdpSocket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn socket(&self) -> &Socket { &self.inner }
+
+        pub fn into_socket(self) -> Socket { self.inner }
+
+        pub fn socket_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn recv_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peek_from(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn send_to(&self, _: &[u8], _: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<UdpSocket> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, _: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_broadcast(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn broadcast(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_multicast_loop_v4(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn multicast_loop_v4(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_multicast_ttl_v4(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn multicast_ttl_v4(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_multicast_loop_v6(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn multicast_loop_v6(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn join_multicast_v4(&self, _: &Ipv4Addr, _: &Ipv4Addr)
+                             -> io::Result<()> {
+                                 unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn join_multicast_v6(&self, _: &Ipv6Addr, _: u32)
+                             -> io::Result<()> {
+                                 unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn leave_multicast_v4(&self, _: &Ipv4Addr, _: &Ipv4Addr)
+                              -> io::Result<()> {
+                                  unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn leave_multicast_v6(&self, _: &Ipv6Addr, _: u32)
+                              -> io::Result<()> {
+                                  unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_ttl(&self, _: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, _: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn recv(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn peek(&self, _: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn send(&self, _: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+
+        pub fn connect(&self, _: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<()> {
+            unimpl!();
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl FromInner<Socket> for UdpSocket {
+        fn from_inner(socket: Socket) -> UdpSocket {
+            UdpSocket { inner: socket }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl fmt::Debug for UdpSocket {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+            write!(f, "No networking support on L4Re available.")
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub struct LookupHost {
+        original: *mut libc::addrinfo,
+        cur: *mut libc::addrinfo,
+    }
+
+    impl Iterator for LookupHost {
+        type Item = SocketAddr;
+        fn next(&mut self) -> Option<SocketAddr> {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    unsafe impl Sync for LookupHost {}
+    unsafe impl Send for LookupHost {}
+
+    pub fn lookup_host(_: &str) -> io::Result<LookupHost> {
+        unimpl!();
+    }
+}
+

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/memchr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+//
+// Original implementation taken from rust-memchr
+// Copyright 2015 Andrew Gallant, bluss and Nicolas Koch
+
+pub fn memchr(needle: u8, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+    use libc;
+
+    let p = unsafe {
+        libc::memchr(
+            haystack.as_ptr() as *const libc::c_void,
+            needle as libc::c_int,
+            haystack.len())
+    };
+    if p.is_null() {
+        None
+    } else {
+        Some(p as usize - (haystack.as_ptr() as usize))
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn memrchr(needle: u8, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    fn memrchr_specific(needle: u8, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+        use libc;
+
+        // GNU's memrchr() will - unlike memchr() - error if haystack is empty.
+        if haystack.is_empty() {return None}
+        let p = unsafe {
+            libc::memrchr(
+                haystack.as_ptr() as *const libc::c_void,
+                needle as libc::c_int,
+                haystack.len())
+        };
+        if p.is_null() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(p as usize - (haystack.as_ptr() as usize))
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+    fn memrchr_specific(needle: u8, haystack: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+        ::core::slice::memchr::memrchr(needle, haystack)
+    }
+
+    memrchr_specific(needle, haystack)
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+// Copyright 2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![allow(missing_docs, bad_style)]
+
+use io::{self, ErrorKind};
+use libc;
+
+#[cfg(any(dox, target_os = "linux"))] pub use os::linux as platform;
+
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "android"))]   pub use os::android as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "bitrig"))]    pub use os::bitrig as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "dragonfly"))] pub use os::dragonfly as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "freebsd"))]   pub use os::freebsd as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "haiku"))]     pub use os::haiku as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "ios"))]       pub use os::ios as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "macos"))]     pub use os::macos as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "netbsd"))]    pub use os::netbsd as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "openbsd"))]   pub use os::openbsd as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "solaris"))]   pub use os::solaris as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "emscripten"))] pub use os::emscripten as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "fuchsia"))]   pub use os::fuchsia as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "l4re"))]      pub use os::linux as platform;
+#[cfg(all(not(dox), target_os = "horizon"))]      pub use os::horizon as platform;
+
+pub use self::rand::hashmap_random_keys;
+pub use libc::strlen;
+
+#[macro_use]
+pub mod weak;
+
+pub mod args;
+pub mod android;
+#[cfg(feature = "backtrace")]
+pub mod backtrace;
+pub mod cmath;
+pub mod condvar;
+pub mod env;
+pub mod ext;
+pub mod fast_thread_local;
+pub mod fd;
+pub mod fs;
+pub mod memchr;
+pub mod mutex;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "l4re"))]
+pub mod net;
+#[cfg(target_os = "l4re")]
+mod l4re;
+#[cfg(target_os = "l4re")]
+pub use self::l4re::net;
+pub mod os;
+pub mod os_str;
+pub mod path;
+pub mod pipe;
+pub mod process;
+pub mod rand;
+pub mod rwlock;
+pub mod stack_overflow;
+pub mod thread;
+pub mod thread_local;
+pub mod time;
+pub mod stdio;
+
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+pub fn init() {
+    // By default, some platforms will send a *signal* when an EPIPE error
+    // would otherwise be delivered. This runtime doesn't install a SIGPIPE
+    // handler, causing it to kill the program, which isn't exactly what we
+    // want!
+    //
+    // Hence, we set SIGPIPE to ignore when the program starts up in order
+    // to prevent this problem.
+    unsafe {
+        reset_sigpipe();
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "fuchsia")))]
+    unsafe fn reset_sigpipe() {
+        assert!(signal(0 as _, libc::SIG_IGN) != libc::SIG_ERR);
+    }
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "fuchsia"))]
+    unsafe fn reset_sigpipe() {}
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+pub use sys::android::signal;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
+pub use libc::signal;
+
+pub fn unsupported<T>() -> io::Result<T> {
+    Err(unsupported_err())
+}
+
+pub fn unsupported_err() -> io::Error {
+    io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                   "operation not supported on 3DS yet")
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy,Clone)]
+pub enum Void {}
+
+pub fn decode_error_kind(errno: i32) -> ErrorKind {
+    match errno as libc::c_int {
+        libc::ECONNREFUSED => ErrorKind::ConnectionRefused,
+        libc::ECONNRESET => ErrorKind::ConnectionReset,
+        libc::EPERM | libc::EACCES => ErrorKind::PermissionDenied,
+        libc::EPIPE => ErrorKind::BrokenPipe,
+        libc::ENOTCONN => ErrorKind::NotConnected,
+        libc::ECONNABORTED => ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted,
+        libc::EADDRNOTAVAIL => ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable,
+        libc::EADDRINUSE => ErrorKind::AddrInUse,
+        libc::ENOENT => ErrorKind::NotFound,
+        libc::EINTR => ErrorKind::Interrupted,
+        libc::EINVAL => ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+        libc::ETIMEDOUT => ErrorKind::TimedOut,
+        libc::EEXIST => ErrorKind::AlreadyExists,
+
+        // These two constants can have the same value on some systems,
+        // but different values on others, so we can't use a match
+        // clause
+        x if x == libc::EAGAIN || x == libc::EWOULDBLOCK =>
+            ErrorKind::WouldBlock,
+
+        _ => ErrorKind::Other,
+    }
+}
+
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub trait IsMinusOne {
+    fn is_minus_one(&self) -> bool;
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_is_minus_one {
+    ($($t:ident)*) => ($(impl IsMinusOne for $t {
+        fn is_minus_one(&self) -> bool {
+            *self == -1
+        }
+    })*)
+}
+
+impl_is_minus_one! { i8 i16 i32 i64 isize }
+
+pub fn cvt<T: IsMinusOne>(t: T) -> io::Result<T> {
+    if t.is_minus_one() {
+        Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+    } else {
+        Ok(t)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn cvt_r<T, F>(mut f: F) -> io::Result<T>
+    where T: IsMinusOne,
+          F: FnMut() -> T
+{
+    loop {
+        match cvt(f()) {
+            Err(ref e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::Interrupted => {}
+            other => return other,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// On Unix-like platforms, libc::abort will unregister signal handlers
+// including the SIGABRT handler, preventing the abort from being blocked, and
+// fclose streams, with the side effect of flushing them so libc bufferred
+// output will be printed.  Additionally the shell will generally print a more
+// understandable error message like "Abort trap" rather than "Illegal
+// instruction" that intrinsics::abort would cause, as intrinsics::abort is
+// implemented as an illegal instruction.
+pub unsafe fn abort_internal() -> ! {
+    ::libc::abort()
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/mutex.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use mem;
+
+pub struct Mutex {
+    inner: UnsafeCell<::libctru::LightLock>,
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn raw(m: &Mutex) -> *mut ::libctru::LightLock {
+    m.inner.get()
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for Mutex {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Mutex {}
+
+impl Mutex {
+    pub const fn new() -> Mutex {
+        Mutex { inner: UnsafeCell::new(0) }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn init(&mut self) {
+        ::libctru::LightLock_Init(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn lock(&self) {
+        ::libctru::LightLock_Lock(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn unlock(&self) {
+        ::libctru::LightLock_Unlock(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn try_lock(&self) -> bool {
+        match ::libctru::LightLock_TryLock(self.inner.get()) {
+            0 => false,
+            _ => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ReentrantMutex { inner: UnsafeCell<::libctru::RecursiveLock> }
+
+unsafe impl Send for ReentrantMutex {}
+unsafe impl Sync for ReentrantMutex {}
+
+impl ReentrantMutex {
+    pub unsafe fn uninitialized() -> ReentrantMutex {
+        ReentrantMutex { inner: mem::uninitialized() }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn init(&mut self) {
+        ::libctru::RecursiveLock_Init(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn lock(&self) {
+        ::libctru::RecursiveLock_Lock(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn try_lock(&self) -> bool {
+        match ::libctru::RecursiveLock_TryLock(self.inner.get()) {
+            0 => false,
+            _ => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn unlock(&self) {
+        ::libctru::RecursiveLock_Unlock(self.inner.get());
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {}
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/net.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+use ffi::CStr;
+use io;
+use libc::{self, c_int, c_void, size_t, sockaddr, socklen_t, MSG_PEEK};
+use mem;
+use net::{SocketAddr, Shutdown};
+use str;
+use sys::fd::FileDesc;
+use sys_common::{AsInner, FromInner, IntoInner};
+use sys_common::net::{getsockopt, setsockopt, sockaddr_to_addr};
+use time::{Duration, Instant};
+use cmp;
+
+pub use sys::{cvt, cvt_r};
+pub extern crate libc as netc;
+
+pub type wrlen_t = size_t;
+
+// See below for the usage of SOCK_CLOEXEC, but this constant is only defined on
+// Linux currently (e.g. support doesn't exist on other platforms). In order to
+// get name resolution to work and things to compile we just define a dummy
+// SOCK_CLOEXEC here for other platforms. Note that the dummy constant isn't
+// actually ever used (the blocks below are wrapped in `if cfg!` as well.
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+use libc::SOCK_CLOEXEC;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+const SOCK_CLOEXEC: c_int = 0;
+
+// Another conditional contant for name resolution: Macos et iOS use
+// SO_NOSIGPIPE as a setsockopt flag to disable SIGPIPE emission on socket.
+// Other platforms do otherwise.
+#[cfg(target_vendor = "apple")]
+use libc::SO_NOSIGPIPE;
+#[cfg(not(target_vendor = "apple"))]
+const SO_NOSIGPIPE: c_int = 0;
+
+const EAI_SYSTEM: c_int = 0;
+
+pub struct Socket(FileDesc);
+
+pub fn init() {}
+
+pub fn cvt_gai(err: c_int) -> io::Result<()> {
+    if err == 0 {
+        return Ok(())
+    }
+
+    // We may need to trigger a glibc workaround. See on_resolver_failure() for details.
+    on_resolver_failure();
+
+    if err == EAI_SYSTEM {
+        return Err(io::Error::last_os_error())
+    }
+
+    let detail = unsafe {
+        str::from_utf8(CStr::from_ptr(libc::gai_strerror(err) as *const i8).to_bytes()).unwrap()
+            .to_owned()
+    };
+    Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                       &format!("failed to lookup address information: {}",
+                                detail)[..]))
+}
+
+impl Socket {
+    pub fn new(addr: &SocketAddr, ty: c_int) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+        let fam = match *addr {
+            SocketAddr::V4(..) => libc::AF_INET,
+            SocketAddr::V6(..) => libc::AF_INET6,
+        };
+        Socket::new_raw(fam, ty)
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_raw(fam: c_int, ty: c_int) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+        unsafe {
+            // On linux we first attempt to pass the SOCK_CLOEXEC flag to
+            // atomically create the socket and set it as CLOEXEC. Support for
+            // this option, however, was added in 2.6.27, and we still support
+            // 2.6.18 as a kernel, so if the returned error is EINVAL we
+            // fallthrough to the fallback.
+            if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
+                match cvt(libc::socket(fam, ty | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) {
+                    Ok(fd) => return Ok(Socket(FileDesc::new(fd))),
+                    Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINVAL) => {}
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                }
+            }
+
+            let fd = cvt(libc::socket(fam, ty, 0))?;
+            let fd = FileDesc::new(fd);
+            fd.set_cloexec()?;
+            let socket = Socket(fd);
+            if cfg!(target_vendor = "apple") {
+                setsockopt(&socket, libc::SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, 1)?;
+            }
+            Ok(socket)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_pair(fam: c_int, ty: c_int) -> io::Result<(Socket, Socket)> {
+        unsafe {
+            let mut fds = [0, 0];
+
+            // Like above, see if we can set cloexec atomically
+            if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
+                match cvt(libc::socketpair(fam, ty | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, fds.as_mut_ptr())) {
+                    Ok(_) => {
+                        return Ok((Socket(FileDesc::new(fds[0])), Socket(FileDesc::new(fds[1]))));
+                    }
+                    Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINVAL) => {},
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                }
+            }
+
+            cvt(libc::socketpair(fam, ty, 0, fds.as_mut_ptr()))?;
+            let a = FileDesc::new(fds[0]);
+            let b = FileDesc::new(fds[1]);
+            a.set_cloexec()?;
+            b.set_cloexec()?;
+            Ok((Socket(a), Socket(b)))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn connect_timeout(&self, addr: &SocketAddr, timeout: Duration) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.set_nonblocking(true)?;
+        let r = unsafe {
+            let (addrp, len) = addr.into_inner();
+            cvt(libc::connect(self.0.raw(), addrp, len))
+        };
+        self.set_nonblocking(false)?;
+
+        match r {
+            Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
+            // there's no ErrorKind for EINPROGRESS :(
+            Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINPROGRESS) => {}
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
+        }
+
+        let mut pollfd = libc::pollfd {
+            fd: self.0.raw(),
+            events: libc::POLLOUT,
+            revents: 0,
+        };
+
+        if timeout.as_secs() == 0 && timeout.subsec_nanos() == 0 {
+            return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                      "cannot set a 0 duration timeout"));
+        }
+
+        let start = Instant::now();
+
+        loop {
+            let elapsed = start.elapsed();
+            if elapsed >= timeout {
+                return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::TimedOut, "connection timed out"));
+            }
+
+            let timeout = timeout - elapsed;
+            let mut timeout = timeout.as_secs()
+                .saturating_mul(1_000)
+                .saturating_add(timeout.subsec_nanos() as u64 / 1_000_000);
+            if timeout == 0 {
+                timeout = 1;
+            }
+
+            let timeout = cmp::min(timeout, c_int::max_value() as u64) as c_int;
+
+            match unsafe { libc::poll(&mut pollfd, 1, timeout) } {
+                -1 => {
+                    let err = io::Error::last_os_error();
+                    if err.kind() != io::ErrorKind::Interrupted {
+                        return Err(err);
+                    }
+                }
+                0 => {}
+                _ => {
+                    // linux returns POLLOUT|POLLERR|POLLHUP for refused connections (!), so look
+                    // for POLLHUP rather than read readiness
+                    if pollfd.revents & libc::POLLHUP != 0 {
+                        let e = self.take_error()?
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                                io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "no error set after POLLHUP")
+                            });
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+
+                    return Ok(());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn accept(&self, storage: *mut sockaddr, len: *mut socklen_t)
+                  -> io::Result<Socket> {
+        // Unfortunately the only known way right now to accept a socket and
+        // atomically set the CLOEXEC flag is to use the `accept4` syscall on
+        // Linux. This was added in 2.6.28, however, and because we support
+        // 2.6.18 we must detect this support dynamically.
+        if cfg!(target_os = "linux") {
+            weak! {
+                fn accept4(c_int, *mut sockaddr, *mut socklen_t, c_int) -> c_int
+            }
+            if let Some(accept) = accept4.get() {
+                let res = cvt_r(|| unsafe {
+                    accept(self.0.raw(), storage, len, SOCK_CLOEXEC)
+                });
+                match res {
+                    Ok(fd) => return Ok(Socket(FileDesc::new(fd))),
+                    Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::ENOSYS) => {}
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let fd = cvt_r(|| unsafe {
+            libc::accept(self.0.raw(), storage, len)
+        })?;
+        let fd = FileDesc::new(fd);
+        fd.set_cloexec()?;
+        Ok(Socket(fd))
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate(&self) -> io::Result<Socket> {
+        self.0.duplicate().map(Socket)
+    }
+
+    fn recv_with_flags(&self, buf: &mut [u8], flags: c_int) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let ret = cvt(unsafe {
+            libc::recv(self.0.raw(),
+                       buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_void,
+                       buf.len(),
+                       flags)
+        })?;
+        Ok(ret as usize)
+    }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.recv_with_flags(buf, 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.recv_with_flags(buf, MSG_PEEK)
+    }
+
+    fn recv_from_with_flags(&self, buf: &mut [u8], flags: c_int)
+                            -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+        let mut storage: libc::sockaddr_storage = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        let mut addrlen = mem::size_of_val(&storage) as libc::socklen_t;
+
+        let n = cvt(unsafe {
+            libc::recvfrom(self.0.raw(),
+                        buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut c_void,
+                        buf.len(),
+                        flags,
+                        &mut storage as *mut _ as *mut _,
+                        &mut addrlen)
+        })?;
+        Ok((n as usize, sockaddr_to_addr(&storage, addrlen as usize)?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn recv_from(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+        self.recv_from_with_flags(buf, 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek_from(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)> {
+        self.recv_from_with_flags(buf, MSG_PEEK)
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.write(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_timeout(&self, dur: Option<Duration>, kind: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let timeout = match dur {
+            Some(dur) => {
+                if dur.as_secs() == 0 && dur.subsec_nanos() == 0 {
+                    return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                              "cannot set a 0 duration timeout"));
+                }
+
+                let secs = if dur.as_secs() > libc::time_t::max_value() as u64 {
+                    libc::time_t::max_value()
+                } else {
+                    dur.as_secs() as libc::time_t
+                };
+                let mut timeout = libc::timeval {
+                    tv_sec: secs,
+                    tv_usec: (dur.subsec_nanos() / 1000) as libc::suseconds_t,
+                };
+                if timeout.tv_sec == 0 && timeout.tv_usec == 0 {
+                    timeout.tv_usec = 1;
+                }
+                timeout
+            }
+            None => {
+                libc::timeval {
+                    tv_sec: 0,
+                    tv_usec: 0,
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        setsockopt(self, libc::SOL_SOCKET, kind, timeout)
+    }
+
+    pub fn timeout(&self, kind: libc::c_int) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
+        let raw: libc::timeval = getsockopt(self, libc::SOL_SOCKET, kind)?;
+        if raw.tv_sec == 0 && raw.tv_usec == 0 {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            let sec = raw.tv_sec as u64;
+            let nsec = (raw.tv_usec as u32) * 1000;
+            Ok(Some(Duration::new(sec, nsec)))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let how = match how {
+            Shutdown::Write => libc::SHUT_WR,
+            Shutdown::Read => libc::SHUT_RD,
+            Shutdown::Both => libc::SHUT_RDWR,
+        };
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::shutdown(self.0.raw(), how) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        setsockopt(self, libc::IPPROTO_TCP, libc::TCP_NODELAY, nodelay as c_int)
+    }
+
+    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
+        let raw: c_int = getsockopt(self, libc::IPPROTO_TCP, libc::TCP_NODELAY)?;
+        Ok(raw != 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let mut nonblocking = nonblocking as libc::c_int;
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::ioctl(*self.as_inner(), libc::FIONBIO as u32, &mut nonblocking) }).map(|_| ())
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
+        let raw: c_int = getsockopt(self, libc::SOL_SOCKET, libc::SO_ERROR)?;
+        if raw == 0 {
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            Ok(Some(io::Error::from_raw_os_error(raw as i32)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsInner<c_int> for Socket {
+    fn as_inner(&self) -> &c_int { self.0.as_inner() }
+}
+
+impl FromInner<c_int> for Socket {
+    fn from_inner(fd: c_int) -> Socket { Socket(FileDesc::new(fd)) }
+}
+
+impl IntoInner<c_int> for Socket {
+    fn into_inner(self) -> c_int { self.0.into_raw() }
+}
+
+// In versions of glibc prior to 2.26, there's a bug where the DNS resolver
+// will cache the contents of /etc/resolv.conf, so changes to that file on disk
+// can be ignored by a long-running program. That can break DNS lookups on e.g.
+// laptops where the network comes and goes. See
+// https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=984. Note however that some
+// distros including Debian have patched glibc to fix this for a long time.
+//
+// A workaround for this bug is to call the res_init libc function, to clear
+// the cached configs. Unfortunately, while we believe glibc's implementation
+// of res_init is thread-safe, we know that other implementations are not
+// (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/43592). Code here in libstd could
+// try to synchronize its res_init calls with a Mutex, but that wouldn't
+// protect programs that call into libc in other ways. So instead of calling
+// res_init unconditionally, we call it only when we detect we're linking
+// against glibc version < 2.26. (That is, when we both know its needed and
+// believe it's thread-safe).
+#[cfg(target_env = "gnu")]
+fn on_resolver_failure() {
+    use sys;
+
+    // If the version fails to parse, we treat it the same as "not glibc".
+    if let Some(version) = sys::os::glibc_version() {
+        if version < (2, 26) {
+            unsafe { libc::res_init() };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_env = "gnu"))]
+fn on_resolver_failure() {}
+
+#[cfg(all(test, taget_env = "gnu"))]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_res_init() {
+        // This mostly just tests that the weak linkage doesn't panic wildly...
+        res_init_if_glibc_before_2_26().unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_glibc_version() {
+        let cases = [
+            ("0.0", Some((0, 0))),
+            ("01.+2", Some((1, 2))),
+            ("3.4.5.six", Some((3, 4))),
+            ("1", None),
+            ("1.-2", None),
+            ("1.foo", None),
+            ("foo.1", None),
+        ];
+        for &(version_str, parsed) in cases.iter() {
+            assert_eq!(parsed, parse_glibc_version(version_str));
+        }
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/os.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use error::Error as StdError;
+use ffi::{CString, CStr, OsString, OsStr};
+use fmt;
+use io;
+use iter;
+use libc::{self, c_int, c_char};
+use path::{self, PathBuf};
+use slice;
+use str;
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+use sys::horizon::ext::ffi::{OsStrExt, OsStringExt};
+
+const TMPBUF_SZ: usize = 128;
+
+extern "C" {
+    fn __errno() -> *mut c_int;
+}
+
+/// Returns the platform-specific value of errno
+pub fn errno() -> i32 {
+    unsafe {
+        (*__errno()) as i32
+    }
+}
+
+/// Gets a detailed string description for the given error number.
+pub fn error_string(errno: i32) -> String {
+    extern {
+    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "linux", target_env = "newlib"),
+                   link_name = "__xpg_strerror_r")]
+        fn strerror_r(errnum: c_int, buf: *mut c_char,
+                      buflen: libc::size_t) -> c_int;
+    }
+
+    let mut buf = [0 as c_char; TMPBUF_SZ];
+
+    let p = buf.as_mut_ptr();
+    unsafe {
+        if strerror_r(errno as c_int, p, buf.len()) < 0 {
+            panic!("strerror_r failure");
+        }
+
+        let p = p as *const _;
+        str::from_utf8(CStr::from_ptr(p).to_bytes()).unwrap().to_owned()
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn getcwd() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(512);
+    loop {
+        unsafe {
+            let ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_char;
+            if !libc::getcwd(ptr, buf.capacity()).is_null() {
+                let len = CStr::from_ptr(buf.as_ptr() as *const i8).to_bytes().len();
+                buf.set_len(len);
+                buf.shrink_to_fit();
+                return Ok(PathBuf::from(OsString::from_vec(buf)));
+            } else {
+                let error = io::Error::last_os_error();
+                if error.raw_os_error() != Some(libc::ERANGE) {
+                    return Err(error);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Trigger the internal buffer resizing logic of `Vec` by requiring
+            // more space than the current capacity.
+            let cap = buf.capacity();
+            buf.set_len(cap);
+            buf.reserve(1);
+        }
+    }    
+}
+
+pub fn chdir(p: &path::Path) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let p: &OsStr = p.as_ref();
+    let p = CString::new(p.as_bytes())?;
+    unsafe {
+        match libc::chdir(p.as_ptr() as *const u8) == (0 as c_int) {
+            true => Ok(()),
+            false => Err(io::Error::last_os_error()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct SplitPaths<'a> {
+    iter: iter::Map<slice::Split<'a, u8, fn(&u8) -> bool>,
+                    fn(&'a [u8]) -> PathBuf>,
+}
+
+pub fn split_paths(unparsed: &OsStr) -> SplitPaths {
+    fn bytes_to_path(b: &[u8]) -> PathBuf {
+        PathBuf::from(<OsStr as OsStrExt>::from_bytes(b))
+    }
+    fn is_colon(b: &u8) -> bool { *b == b':' }
+    let unparsed = unparsed.as_bytes();
+    SplitPaths {
+        iter: unparsed.split(is_colon as fn(&u8) -> bool)
+                      .map(bytes_to_path as fn(&[u8]) -> PathBuf)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for SplitPaths<'a> {
+    type Item = PathBuf;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> { self.iter.next() }
+    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) { self.iter.size_hint() }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct JoinPathsError;
+
+pub fn join_paths<I, T>(paths: I) -> Result<OsString, JoinPathsError>
+    where I: Iterator<Item=T>, T: AsRef<OsStr>
+{
+    let mut joined = Vec::new();
+    let sep = b':';
+
+    for (i, path) in paths.enumerate() {
+        let path = path.as_ref().as_bytes();
+        if i > 0 { joined.push(sep) }
+        if path.contains(&sep) {
+            return Err(JoinPathsError)
+        }
+        joined.extend_from_slice(path);
+    }
+    Ok(OsStringExt::from_vec(joined))
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for JoinPathsError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        "path segment contains separator `:`".fmt(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl StdError for JoinPathsError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &str { "failed to join paths" }
+}
+
+pub fn current_exe() -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub struct Env(Void);
+
+impl Iterator for Env {
+    type Item = (OsString, OsString);
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(OsString, OsString)> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn env() -> Env {
+    panic!("not supported on 3DS yet")
+}
+
+pub fn getenv(_k: &OsStr) -> io::Result<Option<OsString>> {
+    return Ok(None)
+}
+
+pub fn setenv(_k: &OsStr, _v: &OsStr) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn unsetenv(_n: &OsStr) -> io::Result<()> {
+    unsupported()
+}
+
+pub fn temp_dir() -> PathBuf {
+     PathBuf::from("/tmp")
+}
+
+pub fn home_dir() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn exit(code: i32) -> ! {
+    unsafe { libc::exit(code as c_int) }
+}
+
+pub fn getpid() -> u32 {
+    panic!("no pids on 3DS")
+}   

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/os_str.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+/// The underlying OsString/OsStr implementation on Unix systems: just
+/// a `Vec<u8>`/`[u8]`.
+
+use borrow::Cow;
+use fmt;
+use str;
+use mem;
+use rc::Rc;
+use sync::Arc;
+use sys_common::{AsInner, IntoInner};
+use sys_common::bytestring::debug_fmt_bytestring;
+use core::str::lossy::Utf8Lossy;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Hash)]
+pub struct Buf {
+    pub inner: Vec<u8>
+}
+
+pub struct Slice {
+    pub inner: [u8]
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Slice {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        debug_fmt_bytestring(&self.inner, formatter)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Slice {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt::Display::fmt(&Utf8Lossy::from_bytes(&self.inner), formatter)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Buf {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(self.as_slice(), formatter)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Buf {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt::Display::fmt(self.as_slice(), formatter)
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoInner<Vec<u8>> for Buf {
+    fn into_inner(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        self.inner
+    }
+}
+
+impl AsInner<[u8]> for Buf {
+    fn as_inner(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self.inner
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl Buf {
+    pub fn from_string(s: String) -> Buf {
+        Buf { inner: s.into_bytes() }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn with_capacity(capacity: usize) -> Buf {
+        Buf {
+            inner: Vec::with_capacity(capacity)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.clear()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.capacity()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn reserve(&mut self, additional: usize) {
+        self.inner.reserve(additional)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn reserve_exact(&mut self, additional: usize) {
+        self.inner.reserve_exact(additional)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn shrink_to_fit(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.shrink_to_fit()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn shrink_to(&mut self, min_capacity: usize) {
+        self.inner.shrink_to(min_capacity)
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_slice(&self) -> &Slice {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(&*self.inner) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_string(self) -> Result<String, Buf> {
+        String::from_utf8(self.inner).map_err(|p| Buf { inner: p.into_bytes() } )
+    }
+
+    pub fn push_slice(&mut self, s: &Slice) {
+        self.inner.extend_from_slice(&s.inner)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_box(self) -> Box<Slice> {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(self.inner.into_boxed_slice()) }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_box(boxed: Box<Slice>) -> Buf {
+        let inner: Box<[u8]> = unsafe { mem::transmute(boxed) };
+        Buf { inner: inner.into_vec() }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_arc(&self) -> Arc<Slice> {
+        self.as_slice().into_arc()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_rc(&self) -> Rc<Slice> {
+        self.as_slice().into_rc()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Slice {
+    fn from_u8_slice(s: &[u8]) -> &Slice {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(s) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_str(s: &str) -> &Slice {
+        Slice::from_u8_slice(s.as_bytes())
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_str(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        str::from_utf8(&self.inner).ok()
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<str> {
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.inner)
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_owned(&self) -> Buf {
+        Buf { inner: self.inner.to_vec() }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_box(&self) -> Box<Slice> {
+        let boxed: Box<[u8]> = self.inner.into();
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(boxed) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn empty_box() -> Box<Slice> {
+        let boxed: Box<[u8]> = Default::default();
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(boxed) }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_arc(&self) -> Arc<Slice> {
+        let arc: Arc<[u8]> = Arc::from(&self.inner);
+        unsafe { Arc::from_raw(Arc::into_raw(arc) as *const Slice) }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_rc(&self) -> Rc<Slice> {
+        let rc: Rc<[u8]> = Rc::from(&self.inner);
+        unsafe { Rc::from_raw(Rc::into_raw(rc) as *const Slice) }
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/path.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use path::Prefix;
+use ffi::OsStr;
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn is_sep_byte(b: u8) -> bool {
+    b == b'/'
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn is_verbatim_sep(b: u8) -> bool {
+    b == b'/'
+}
+
+pub fn parse_prefix(_: &OsStr) -> Option<Prefix> {
+    None
+}
+
+pub const MAIN_SEP_STR: &'static str = "/";
+pub const MAIN_SEP: char = '/';

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/pipe.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+
+use io;
+use libc::{self, c_int};
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT, Ordering};
+use sys::fd::FileDesc;
+use sys::{cvt, cvt_r};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Anonymous pipes
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+pub struct AnonPipe(FileDesc);
+
+pub fn anon_pipe() -> io::Result<(AnonPipe, AnonPipe)> {
+    weak! { fn pipe2(*mut c_int, c_int) -> c_int }
+    static INVALID: AtomicBool = ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT;
+
+    let mut fds = [0; 2];
+
+    // Unfortunately the only known way right now to create atomically set the
+    // CLOEXEC flag is to use the `pipe2` syscall on Linux. This was added in
+    // 2.6.27, however, and because we support 2.6.18 we must detect this
+    // support dynamically.
+    if cfg!(any(target_os = "dragonfly",
+                target_os = "freebsd",
+                target_os = "linux",
+                target_os = "netbsd",
+                target_os = "openbsd")) &&
+       !INVALID.load(Ordering::SeqCst)
+    {
+
+        if let Some(pipe) = pipe2.get() {
+            // Note that despite calling a glibc function here we may still
+            // get ENOSYS. Glibc has `pipe2` since 2.9 and doesn't try to
+            // emulate on older kernels, so if you happen to be running on
+            // an older kernel you may see `pipe2` as a symbol but still not
+            // see the syscall.
+            match cvt(unsafe { pipe(fds.as_mut_ptr(), libc::O_CLOEXEC) }) {
+                Ok(_) => {
+                    return Ok((AnonPipe(FileDesc::new(fds[0])),
+                               AnonPipe(FileDesc::new(fds[1]))));
+                }
+                Err(ref e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::ENOSYS) => {
+                    INVALID.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                }
+                Err(e) => return Err(e),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    cvt(unsafe { libc::pipe(fds.as_mut_ptr()) })?;
+
+    let fd0 = FileDesc::new(fds[0]);
+    let fd1 = FileDesc::new(fds[1]);
+    fd0.set_cloexec()?;
+    fd1.set_cloexec()?;
+    Ok((AnonPipe(fd0), AnonPipe(fd1)))
+}
+
+impl AnonPipe {
+    pub fn read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.read(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        self.0.write(buf)
+    }
+
+    pub fn fd(&self) -> &FileDesc { &self.0 }
+    pub fn into_fd(self) -> FileDesc { self.0 }
+    
+    pub fn diverge(&self) -> ! {
+        panic!()
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn read2(p1: AnonPipe,
+             v1: &mut Vec<u8>,
+             p2: AnonPipe,
+             v2: &mut Vec<u8>) -> io::Result<()> {
+
+    // Set both pipes into nonblocking mode as we're gonna be reading from both
+    // in the `select` loop below, and we wouldn't want one to block the other!
+    let p1 = p1.into_fd();
+    let p2 = p2.into_fd();
+    p1.set_nonblocking(true)?;
+    p2.set_nonblocking(true)?;
+
+    let mut fds: [libc::pollfd; 2] = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+    fds[0].fd = p1.raw();
+    fds[0].events = libc::POLLIN;
+    fds[1].fd = p2.raw();
+    fds[1].events = libc::POLLIN;
+    loop {
+        // wait for either pipe to become readable using `poll`
+        cvt_r(|| unsafe { libc::poll(fds.as_mut_ptr(), 2, -1) })?;
+
+        if fds[0].revents != 0 && read(&p1, v1)? {
+            p2.set_nonblocking(false)?;
+            return p2.read_to_end(v2).map(|_| ());
+        }
+        if fds[1].revents != 0 && read(&p2, v2)? {
+            p1.set_nonblocking(false)?;
+            return p1.read_to_end(v1).map(|_| ());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Read as much as we can from each pipe, ignoring EWOULDBLOCK or
+    // EAGAIN. If we hit EOF, then this will happen because the underlying
+    // reader will return Ok(0), in which case we'll see `Ok` ourselves. In
+    // this case we flip the other fd back into blocking mode and read
+    // whatever's leftover on that file descriptor.
+    fn read(fd: &FileDesc, dst: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<bool, io::Error> {
+        match fd.read_to_end(dst) {
+            Ok(_) => Ok(true),
+            Err(e) => {
+                if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EWOULDBLOCK) ||
+                   e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EAGAIN) {
+                    Ok(false)
+                } else {
+                    Err(e)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/process.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ffi::OsStr;
+use fmt;
+use io;
+use sys::fs::File;
+use sys::pipe::AnonPipe;
+use sys::{unsupported, Void};
+use sys_common::process::{CommandEnv, DefaultEnvKey};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Command
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+pub struct Command {
+    env: CommandEnv<DefaultEnvKey>
+}
+
+// passed back to std::process with the pipes connected to the child, if any
+// were requested
+pub struct StdioPipes {
+    pub stdin: Option<AnonPipe>,
+    pub stdout: Option<AnonPipe>,
+    pub stderr: Option<AnonPipe>,
+}
+
+pub enum Stdio {
+    Inherit,
+    Null,
+    MakePipe,
+}
+
+impl Command {
+    pub fn new(_program: &OsStr) -> Command {
+        Command {
+            env: Default::default()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn arg(&mut self, _arg: &OsStr) {
+    }
+
+    pub fn env_mut(&mut self) -> &mut CommandEnv<DefaultEnvKey> {
+        &mut self.env
+    }
+
+    pub fn cwd(&mut self, _dir: &OsStr) {
+    }
+
+    pub fn stdin(&mut self, _stdin: Stdio) {
+    }
+
+    pub fn stdout(&mut self, _stdout: Stdio) {
+    }
+
+    pub fn stderr(&mut self, _stderr: Stdio) {
+    }
+
+    pub fn spawn(&mut self, _default: Stdio, _needs_stdin: bool)
+        -> io::Result<(Process, StdioPipes)> {
+        unsupported()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<AnonPipe> for Stdio {
+    fn from(pipe: AnonPipe) -> Stdio {
+        pipe.diverge()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<File> for Stdio {
+    fn from(_file: File) -> Stdio {
+        //file.diverge()
+        unimplemented!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Command {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ExitStatus(Void);
+
+impl ExitStatus {
+    pub fn success(&self) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn code(&self) -> Option<i32> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Clone for ExitStatus {
+    fn clone(&self) -> ExitStatus {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Copy for ExitStatus {}
+
+impl PartialEq for ExitStatus {
+    fn eq(&self, _other: &ExitStatus) -> bool {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for ExitStatus {
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for ExitStatus {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for ExitStatus {
+    fn fmt(&self, _f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Process(Void);
+
+impl Process {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> u32 {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn kill(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn wait(&mut self) -> io::Result<ExitStatus> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_wait(&mut self) -> io::Result<Option<ExitStatus>> {
+        match self.0 {}
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/rand.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use mem;
+use slice;
+
+pub fn hashmap_random_keys() -> (u64, u64) {
+    let mut v = (0, 0);
+    unsafe {
+        let view = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(&mut v as *mut _ as *mut u8,
+                                             mem::size_of_val(&v));
+        imp::fill_bytes(view);
+    }
+    return v
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "horizon")]
+mod imp {
+    use libctru;
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        unsafe {
+            // Initializing and de-initializing the sslC subsystem every time
+            // we initialize a hashmap is pretty dumb, but I can't think of a
+            // better method at the moment.
+            //
+            // lazy_static won't work because
+            // destructors (for closing the subsystem on exit) won't run.
+            //
+            // Perhaps overriding __appInit() and __appExit() will work,
+            // but that's an experiment for another time.
+            libctru::sslcInit(0);
+            libctru::sslcGenerateRandomData(v.as_ptr() as _, v.len() as u32);
+            libctru::sslcExit();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(unix,
+          not(target_os = "ios"),
+          not(target_os = "openbsd"),
+          not(target_os = "freebsd"),
+          not(target_os = "fuchsia"),
+          not(target_os = "horizon")
+          ))]
+mod imp {
+    use fs::File;
+    use io::Read;
+    use libc;
+    use sys::os::errno;
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android"))]
+    fn getrandom(buf: &mut [u8]) -> libc::c_long {
+        unsafe {
+            libc::syscall(libc::SYS_getrandom, buf.as_mut_ptr(), buf.len(), libc::GRND_NONBLOCK)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))]
+    fn getrandom(_buf: &mut [u8]) -> libc::c_long { -1 }
+
+    fn getrandom_fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) -> bool {
+        let mut read = 0;
+        while read < v.len() {
+            let result = getrandom(&mut v[read..]);
+            if result == -1 {
+                let err = errno() as libc::c_int;
+                if err == libc::EINTR {
+                    continue;
+                } else if err == libc::EAGAIN {
+                    return false
+                } else {
+                    panic!("unexpected getrandom error: {}", err);
+                }
+            } else {
+                read += result as usize;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android"))]
+    fn is_getrandom_available() -> bool {
+        use io;
+        use sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+        use sync::Once;
+
+        static CHECKER: Once = Once::new();
+        static AVAILABLE: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+
+        CHECKER.call_once(|| {
+            let mut buf: [u8; 0] = [];
+            let result = getrandom(&mut buf);
+            let available = if result == -1 {
+                let err = io::Error::last_os_error().raw_os_error();
+                err != Some(libc::ENOSYS)
+            } else {
+                true
+            };
+            AVAILABLE.store(available, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        });
+
+        AVAILABLE.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))]
+    fn is_getrandom_available() -> bool { false }
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        // getrandom_fill_bytes here can fail if getrandom() returns EAGAIN,
+        // meaning it would have blocked because the non-blocking pool (urandom)
+        // has not initialized in the kernel yet due to a lack of entropy the
+        // fallback we do here is to avoid blocking applications which could
+        // depend on this call without ever knowing they do and don't have a
+        // work around.  The PRNG of /dev/urandom will still be used but not
+        // over a completely full entropy pool
+        if is_getrandom_available() && getrandom_fill_bytes(v) {
+            return
+        }
+
+        let mut file = File::open("/dev/urandom")
+            .expect("failed to open /dev/urandom");
+        file.read_exact(v).expect("failed to read /dev/urandom");
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "openbsd")]
+mod imp {
+    use libc;
+    use sys::os::errno;
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        // getentropy(2) permits a maximum buffer size of 256 bytes
+        for s in v.chunks_mut(256) {
+            let ret = unsafe {
+                libc::getentropy(s.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void, s.len())
+            };
+            if ret == -1 {
+                panic!("unexpected getentropy error: {}", errno());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "ios")]
+mod imp {
+    use io;
+    use libc::{c_int, size_t};
+    use ptr;
+
+    enum SecRandom {}
+
+    #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
+    const kSecRandomDefault: *const SecRandom = ptr::null();
+
+    extern {
+        fn SecRandomCopyBytes(rnd: *const SecRandom,
+                              count: size_t,
+                              bytes: *mut u8) -> c_int;
+    }
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        let ret = unsafe {
+            SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault,
+                               v.len(),
+                               v.as_mut_ptr())
+        };
+        if ret == -1 {
+            panic!("couldn't generate random bytes: {}",
+                   io::Error::last_os_error());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "freebsd")]
+mod imp {
+    use libc;
+    use ptr;
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        let mib = [libc::CTL_KERN, libc::KERN_ARND];
+        // kern.arandom permits a maximum buffer size of 256 bytes
+        for s in v.chunks_mut(256) {
+            let mut s_len = s.len();
+            let ret = unsafe {
+                libc::sysctl(mib.as_ptr(), mib.len() as libc::c_uint,
+                             s.as_mut_ptr() as *mut _, &mut s_len,
+                             ptr::null(), 0)
+            };
+            if ret == -1 || s_len != s.len() {
+                panic!("kern.arandom sysctl failed! (returned {}, s.len() {}, oldlenp {})",
+                       ret, s.len(), s_len);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "fuchsia")]
+mod imp {
+    #[link(name = "zircon")]
+    extern {
+        fn zx_cprng_draw(buffer: *mut u8, len: usize, actual: *mut usize) -> i32;
+    }
+
+    fn getrandom(buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, i32> {
+        unsafe {
+            let mut actual = 0;
+            let status = zx_cprng_draw(buf.as_mut_ptr(), buf.len(), &mut actual);
+            if status == 0 {
+                Ok(actual)
+            } else {
+                Err(status)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn fill_bytes(v: &mut [u8]) {
+        let mut buf = v;
+        while !buf.is_empty() {
+            let ret = getrandom(buf);
+            match ret {
+                Err(err) => {
+                    panic!("kernel zx_cprng_draw call failed! (returned {}, buf.len() {})",
+                        err, buf.len())
+                }
+                Ok(actual) => {
+                    let move_buf = buf;
+                    buf = &mut move_buf[(actual as usize)..];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/rwlock.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use super::mutex::Mutex;
+use super::condvar::Condvar;
+
+// A simple read-preferring RWLock implementation that I found on wikipedia <.<
+pub struct RWLock {
+    mutex: Mutex,
+    cvar: Condvar,
+    reader_count: UnsafeCell<u32>, 
+    writer_active: UnsafeCell<bool>,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for RWLock {}
+unsafe impl Sync for RWLock {}
+
+impl RWLock {
+    pub const fn new() -> RWLock {
+        RWLock {
+            mutex: Mutex::new(),
+            cvar: Condvar::new(),
+            reader_count: UnsafeCell::new(0),
+            writer_active: UnsafeCell::new(false),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn read(&self) {
+        self.mutex.lock();
+
+        while *self.writer_active.get() {
+            self.cvar.wait(&self.mutex);
+        }
+
+        assert!(*self.reader_count.get() != u32::max_value());
+        *self.reader_count.get() += 1;
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn try_read(&self) -> bool {
+        if !self.mutex.try_lock() {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        while *self.writer_active.get() {
+            self.cvar.wait(&self.mutex);
+        }
+
+        assert!(*self.reader_count.get() != u32::max_value());
+        *self.reader_count.get() += 1;
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+        true
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn write(&self) {
+        self.mutex.lock();
+
+        while *self.writer_active.get() || *self.reader_count.get() > 0 {
+            self.cvar.wait(&self.mutex);
+        }
+
+        *self.writer_active.get() = true;
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn try_write(&self) -> bool {
+        if !self.mutex.try_lock() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        while *self.writer_active.get() || *self.reader_count.get() > 0 {
+            self.cvar.wait(&self.mutex);
+        }
+
+        *self.writer_active.get() = true;
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+        true
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn read_unlock(&self) {
+        self.mutex.lock();
+
+        *self.reader_count.get() -= 1;
+
+        if *self.reader_count.get() == 0 {
+            self.cvar.notify_one()
+        }
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn write_unlock(&self) {
+        self.mutex.lock();
+
+        *self.writer_active.get() = false;
+
+        self.cvar.notify_all();
+
+        self.mutex.unlock();
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        self.mutex.destroy();
+        self.cvar.destroy();
+        *self.reader_count.get() = 0;
+        *self.writer_active.get() = false;
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/stack_overflow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code))]
+
+use libc;
+use self::imp::{make_handler, drop_handler};
+
+pub use self::imp::cleanup;
+pub use self::imp::init;
+
+pub struct Handler {
+    _data: *mut libc::c_void
+}
+
+impl Handler {
+    pub unsafe fn new() -> Handler {
+        make_handler()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Handler {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            drop_handler(self);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux",
+          target_os = "macos",
+          target_os = "bitrig",
+          target_os = "dragonfly",
+          target_os = "freebsd",
+          target_os = "solaris",
+          all(target_os = "netbsd", not(target_vendor = "rumprun")),
+          target_os = "openbsd"))]
+mod imp {
+    use super::Handler;
+    use mem;
+    use ptr;
+    use libc::{sigaltstack, SIGSTKSZ, SS_DISABLE};
+    use libc::{sigaction, SIGBUS, SIG_DFL,
+               SA_SIGINFO, SA_ONSTACK, sighandler_t};
+    use libc;
+    use libc::{mmap, munmap};
+    use libc::{SIGSEGV, PROT_READ, PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, MAP_ANON};
+    use libc::MAP_FAILED;
+
+    use sys_common::thread_info;
+
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android"))]
+    unsafe fn siginfo_si_addr(info: *mut libc::siginfo_t) -> usize {
+        #[repr(C)]
+        struct siginfo_t {
+            a: [libc::c_int; 3], // si_signo, si_errno, si_code
+            si_addr: *mut libc::c_void,
+        }
+
+        (*(info as *const siginfo_t)).si_addr as usize
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))]
+    unsafe fn siginfo_si_addr(info: *mut libc::siginfo_t) -> usize {
+        (*info).si_addr as usize
+    }
+
+    // Signal handler for the SIGSEGV and SIGBUS handlers. We've got guard pages
+    // (unmapped pages) at the end of every thread's stack, so if a thread ends
+    // up running into the guard page it'll trigger this handler. We want to
+    // detect these cases and print out a helpful error saying that the stack
+    // has overflowed. All other signals, however, should go back to what they
+    // were originally supposed to do.
+    //
+    // This handler currently exists purely to print an informative message
+    // whenever a thread overflows its stack. We then abort to exit and
+    // indicate a crash, but to avoid a misleading SIGSEGV that might lead
+    // users to believe that unsafe code has accessed an invalid pointer; the
+    // SIGSEGV encountered when overflowing the stack is expected and
+    // well-defined.
+    //
+    // If this is not a stack overflow, the handler un-registers itself and
+    // then returns (to allow the original signal to be delivered again).
+    // Returning from this kind of signal handler is technically not defined
+    // to work when reading the POSIX spec strictly, but in practice it turns
+    // out many large systems and all implementations allow returning from a
+    // signal handler to work. For a more detailed explanation see the
+    // comments on #26458.
+    unsafe extern fn signal_handler(signum: libc::c_int,
+                                    info: *mut libc::siginfo_t,
+                                    _data: *mut libc::c_void) {
+        use sys_common::util::report_overflow;
+
+        let guard = thread_info::stack_guard().unwrap_or(0..0);
+        let addr = siginfo_si_addr(info);
+
+        // If the faulting address is within the guard page, then we print a
+        // message saying so and abort.
+        if guard.start <= addr && addr < guard.end {
+            report_overflow();
+            rtabort!("stack overflow");
+        } else {
+            // Unregister ourselves by reverting back to the default behavior.
+            let mut action: sigaction = mem::zeroed();
+            action.sa_sigaction = SIG_DFL;
+            sigaction(signum, &action, ptr::null_mut());
+
+            // See comment above for why this function returns.
+        }
+    }
+
+    static mut MAIN_ALTSTACK: *mut libc::c_void = ptr::null_mut();
+
+    pub unsafe fn init() {
+        let mut action: sigaction = mem::zeroed();
+        action.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_ONSTACK;
+        action.sa_sigaction = signal_handler as sighandler_t;
+        sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, ptr::null_mut());
+        sigaction(SIGBUS, &action, ptr::null_mut());
+
+        let handler = make_handler();
+        MAIN_ALTSTACK = handler._data;
+        mem::forget(handler);
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn cleanup() {
+        Handler { _data: MAIN_ALTSTACK };
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn get_stackp() -> *mut libc::c_void {
+        let stackp = mmap(ptr::null_mut(),
+                          SIGSTKSZ,
+                          PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                          MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANON,
+                          -1,
+                          0);
+        if stackp == MAP_FAILED {
+            panic!("failed to allocate an alternative stack");
+        }
+        stackp
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "macos",
+              target_os = "bitrig",
+              target_os = "netbsd",
+              target_os = "openbsd",
+              target_os = "solaris"))]
+    unsafe fn get_stack() -> libc::stack_t {
+        libc::stack_t { ss_sp: get_stackp(), ss_flags: 0, ss_size: SIGSTKSZ }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "freebsd",
+              target_os = "dragonfly"))]
+    unsafe fn get_stack() -> libc::stack_t {
+        libc::stack_t { ss_sp: get_stackp() as *mut i8, ss_flags: 0, ss_size: SIGSTKSZ }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn make_handler() -> Handler {
+        let mut stack = mem::zeroed();
+        sigaltstack(ptr::null(), &mut stack);
+        // Configure alternate signal stack, if one is not already set.
+        if stack.ss_flags & SS_DISABLE != 0 {
+            stack = get_stack();
+            sigaltstack(&stack, ptr::null_mut());
+            Handler { _data: stack.ss_sp as *mut libc::c_void }
+        } else {
+            Handler { _data: ptr::null_mut() }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn drop_handler(handler: &mut Handler) {
+        if !handler._data.is_null() {
+            let stack =  libc::stack_t {
+                ss_sp: ptr::null_mut(),
+                ss_flags: SS_DISABLE,
+                // Workaround for bug in macOS implementation of sigaltstack
+                // UNIX2003 which returns ENOMEM when disabling a stack while
+                // passing ss_size smaller than MINSIGSTKSZ. According to POSIX
+                // both ss_sp and ss_size should be ignored in this case.
+                ss_size: SIGSTKSZ,
+            };
+            sigaltstack(&stack, ptr::null_mut());
+            munmap(handler._data, SIGSTKSZ);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "linux",
+              target_os = "macos",
+              target_os = "bitrig",
+              target_os = "dragonfly",
+              target_os = "freebsd",
+              target_os = "solaris",
+              all(target_os = "netbsd", not(target_vendor = "rumprun")),
+              target_os = "openbsd")))]
+mod imp {
+    use ptr;
+
+    pub unsafe fn init() {
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn cleanup() {
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn make_handler() -> super::Handler {
+        super::Handler { _data: ptr::null_mut() }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn drop_handler(_handler: &mut super::Handler) {
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/stdio.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use io;
+use libc;
+use sys::fd::FileDesc;
+
+pub struct Stdin(());
+pub struct Stdout(());
+pub struct Stderr(());
+
+impl Stdin {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stdin> { Ok(Stdin(())) }
+
+    pub fn read(&self, data: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let fd = FileDesc::new(libc::STDIN_FILENO);
+        let ret = fd.read(data);
+        fd.into_raw();
+        ret
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stdout {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stdout> { Ok(Stdout(())) }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let fd = FileDesc::new(libc::STDOUT_FILENO);
+        let ret = fd.write(data);
+        fd.into_raw();
+        ret
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stderr {
+    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Stderr> { Ok(Stderr(())) }
+
+    pub fn write(&self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let fd = FileDesc::new(libc::STDERR_FILENO);
+        let ret = fd.write(data);
+        fd.into_raw();
+        ret
+    }
+
+    pub fn flush(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// FIXME: right now this raw stderr handle is used in a few places because
+//        std::io::stderr_raw isn't exposed, but once that's exposed this impl
+//        should go away
+impl io::Write for Stderr {
+    fn write(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        Stderr::write(self, data)
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Stderr::flush(self)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn is_ebadf(err: &io::Error) -> bool {
+    err.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EBADF as i32)
+}
+
+pub const STDIN_BUF_SIZE: usize = ::sys_common::io::DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE;
+
+pub fn stderr_prints_nothing() -> bool {
+    false
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/thread.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use alloc_crate::boxed::FnBox;
+use libc;
+use cmp;
+use ffi::CStr;
+use io;
+use mem;
+use ptr;
+use sys_common::thread::start_thread;
+use time::Duration;
+
+use libctru::Thread as ThreadHandle;
+
+pub struct Thread {
+    handle: ThreadHandle,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for Thread {}
+unsafe impl Sync for Thread {}
+
+pub const DEFAULT_MIN_STACK_SIZE: usize = 4096;
+
+
+impl Thread {
+    pub unsafe fn new<'a>(stack: usize, p: Box<FnBox() + 'a>) -> io::Result<Thread> {
+        let p = box p;
+        let stack_size = cmp::max(stack, DEFAULT_MIN_STACK_SIZE);
+
+        let mut priority = 0;
+        ::libctru::svcGetThreadPriority(&mut priority, 0xFFFF8000);
+
+        let handle = ::libctru::threadCreate(Some(thread_func), &*p as *const _ as *mut _,
+                                             stack_size, priority, -2, false);
+
+        return if handle == ptr::null_mut() {
+            Err(io::Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::EAGAIN))
+        } else {
+            mem::forget(p); // ownership passed to the new thread
+            Ok(Thread { handle: handle })
+        };
+
+        extern "C" fn thread_func(start: *mut libc::c_void) {
+            unsafe { start_thread(start as *mut u8) }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    pub fn yield_now() {
+        unsafe {
+        ::libctru::svcSleepThread(0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_name(_name: &CStr) {
+        // threads aren't named in libctru
+    }
+
+    pub fn sleep(dur: Duration) {
+        unsafe {
+            let nanos = dur.as_secs()
+                .saturating_mul(1_000_000_000)
+                .saturating_add(dur.subsec_nanos() as u64);
+            ::libctru::svcSleepThread(nanos as i64)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn join(self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let ret = ::libctru::threadJoin(self.handle, u64::max_value());
+            ::libctru::threadFree(self.handle);
+            mem::forget(self);
+            debug_assert_eq!(ret, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]    
+    pub fn id(&self) -> ThreadHandle {
+        self.handle
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub fn into_id(self) -> ThreadHandle {
+        let handle = self.handle;
+        mem::forget(self);
+        handle
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Thread {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe { ::libctru::threadDetach(self.handle) }
+    }
+}
+
+pub mod guard {
+    pub unsafe fn current() -> Option<usize> { None }
+    pub unsafe fn init() -> Option<usize> { None }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/thread_local.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)] // not used on all platforms
+
+use collections::BTreeMap;
+use ptr;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT, Ordering};
+
+pub type Key = usize;
+
+type Dtor = unsafe extern fn(*mut u8);
+
+static NEXT_KEY: AtomicUsize = ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT;
+
+static mut KEYS: *mut BTreeMap<Key, Option<Dtor>> = ptr::null_mut();
+
+#[thread_local]
+static mut LOCALS: *mut BTreeMap<Key, *mut u8> = ptr::null_mut();
+
+unsafe fn keys() -> &'static mut BTreeMap<Key, Option<Dtor>> {
+    if KEYS == ptr::null_mut() {
+        KEYS = Box::into_raw(Box::new(BTreeMap::new()));
+    }
+    &mut *KEYS
+}
+
+unsafe fn locals() -> &'static mut BTreeMap<Key, *mut u8> {
+    if LOCALS == ptr::null_mut() {
+        LOCALS = Box::into_raw(Box::new(BTreeMap::new()));
+    }
+    &mut *LOCALS
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn create(dtor: Option<Dtor>) -> Key {
+    let key = NEXT_KEY.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+    keys().insert(key, dtor);
+    key
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn get(key: Key) -> *mut u8 {
+    if let Some(&entry) = locals().get(&key) {
+        entry
+    } else {
+        ptr::null_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn set(key: Key, value: *mut u8) {
+    locals().insert(key, value);
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn destroy(key: Key) {
+    keys().remove(&key);
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn requires_synchronized_create() -> bool {
+    false
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/time.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cmp::Ordering;
+use libc;
+use time::Duration;
+use core::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
+
+pub use self::inner::{Instant, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+const NSEC_PER_SEC: u64 = 1_000_000_000;
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
+struct Timespec {
+    t: libc::timespec,
+}
+
+impl Timespec {
+    fn sub_timespec(&self, other: &Timespec) -> Result<Duration, Duration> {
+        if self >= other {
+            Ok(if self.t.tv_nsec >= other.t.tv_nsec {
+                Duration::new((self.t.tv_sec - other.t.tv_sec) as u64,
+                              (self.t.tv_nsec - other.t.tv_nsec) as u32)
+            } else {
+                Duration::new((self.t.tv_sec - 1 - other.t.tv_sec) as u64,
+                              self.t.tv_nsec as u32 + (NSEC_PER_SEC as u32) -
+                              other.t.tv_nsec as u32)
+            })
+        } else {
+            match other.sub_timespec(self) {
+                Ok(d) => Err(d),
+                Err(d) => Ok(d),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Timespec {
+        let secs = (self.t.tv_sec as i64).checked_add(other.as_secs() as i64);
+        let mut secs = secs.expect("overflow when adding duration to time");
+
+        // Nano calculations can't overflow because nanos are <1B which fit
+        // in a u32.
+        let mut nsec = other.subsec_nanos() + self.t.tv_nsec as u32;
+        if nsec >= NSEC_PER_SEC as u32 {
+            nsec -= NSEC_PER_SEC as u32;
+            secs = secs.checked_add(1).expect("overflow when adding \
+                                               duration to time");
+        }
+        Timespec {
+            t: libc::timespec {
+                tv_sec: secs as libc::time_t,
+                tv_nsec: nsec as libc::c_long,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Timespec {
+        let secs = (self.t.tv_sec as i64).checked_sub(other.as_secs() as i64);
+        let mut secs = secs.expect("overflow when subtracting duration \
+                                    from time");
+
+        // Similar to above, nanos can't overflow.
+        let mut nsec = self.t.tv_nsec as i32 - other.subsec_nanos() as i32;
+        if nsec < 0 {
+            nsec += NSEC_PER_SEC as i32;
+            secs = secs.checked_sub(1).expect("overflow when subtracting \
+                                               duration from time");
+        }
+        Timespec {
+            t: libc::timespec {
+                tv_sec: secs as libc::time_t,
+                tv_nsec: nsec as libc::c_long,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Timespec {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Timespec) -> bool {
+        self.t.tv_sec == other.t.tv_sec && self.t.tv_nsec == other.t.tv_nsec
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for Timespec {}
+
+impl PartialOrd for Timespec {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Timespec) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        Some(self.cmp(other))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Ord for Timespec {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Timespec) -> Ordering {
+        let me = (self.t.tv_sec, self.t.tv_nsec);
+        let other = (other.t.tv_sec, other.t.tv_nsec);
+        me.cmp(&other)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Hash for Timespec {
+    fn hash<H : Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.t.tv_sec.hash(state);
+        self.t.tv_nsec.hash(state);
+    }
+}
+
+mod inner {
+    use fmt;
+    use libc;
+    use sync::Once;
+    use sys::cvt;
+    use sys_common::mul_div_u64;
+    use time::Duration;
+
+    use super::NSEC_PER_SEC;
+    use super::Timespec;
+
+    use libctru;
+
+    #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+    pub struct Instant {
+        t: u64
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+    pub struct SystemTime {
+        t: Timespec,
+    }
+
+    pub const UNIX_EPOCH: SystemTime = SystemTime {
+        t: Timespec {
+            t: libc::timespec {
+                tv_sec: 0,
+                tv_nsec: 0,
+            },
+        },
+    };
+
+    impl Instant {
+        pub fn now() -> Instant {
+            Instant { t: ctr_absolute_time() }
+        }
+
+        pub fn sub_instant(&self, other: &Instant) -> Duration {
+            let info = info();
+            let diff = self.t.checked_sub(other.t)
+                           .expect("second instant is later than self");
+            let nanos = mul_div_u64(diff, info.numer as u64, info.denom as u64);
+            Duration::new(nanos / NSEC_PER_SEC, (nanos % NSEC_PER_SEC) as u32)
+        }
+
+        pub fn add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Instant {
+            Instant {
+                t: self.t.checked_add(dur2intervals(other))
+                       .expect("overflow when adding duration to instant"),
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Instant {
+            Instant {
+                t: self.t.checked_sub(dur2intervals(other))
+                       .expect("overflow when adding duration to instant"),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The initial system tick after which all Instants occur
+    static mut TICK: u64 = 0;
+
+    // A source of monotonic time based on ticks of the 3DS CPU. Returns the
+    // number of system ticks elapsed since an arbitrary point in the past
+    fn ctr_absolute_time() -> u64 {
+        let first_tick = get_first_tick();
+        let current_tick = get_system_tick();
+        current_tick - first_tick
+    }
+
+    // The first time this function is called, it generates and returns the
+    // initial system tick used to create Instants
+    //
+    // subsequent calls to this function return the previously generated
+    // tick value
+    fn get_first_tick() -> u64 {
+        static ONCE: Once = Once::new();
+        unsafe { 
+            ONCE.call_once(|| {
+                TICK = get_system_tick();
+            });
+            TICK
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Gets the current system tick
+    #[inline]
+    fn get_system_tick() -> u64 {
+        unsafe { libctru::svcGetSystemTick() }
+    }
+
+    // A struct representing the clock speed of the 3DS
+    struct CtrClockInfo {
+        numer: u32,
+        denom: u32,
+    }
+
+    // Initializes the CtrClockInfo struct
+    //
+    // Note that svcGetSystemTick always runs at 268MHz (268,111,856Hz), even
+    // on a New 3DS running in 804MHz mode
+    //
+    // See https://www.3dbrew.org/wiki/Hardware#Common_hardware
+    fn info() -> &'static CtrClockInfo {
+        static INFO: CtrClockInfo = CtrClockInfo {
+            numer: 1_000_000_000,
+            denom: 268_111_856,
+        };
+        &INFO
+    }
+
+    fn dur2intervals(dur: &Duration) -> u64 {
+        let info = info();
+        let nanos = dur.as_secs().checked_mul(NSEC_PER_SEC).and_then(|nanos| {
+            nanos.checked_add(dur.subsec_nanos() as u64)
+        }).expect("overflow converting duration to nanoseconds");
+        mul_div_u64(nanos, info.denom as u64, info.numer as u64)
+    }
+
+    impl SystemTime {
+        pub fn now() -> SystemTime {
+            use ptr;
+
+            let mut s = libc::timeval {
+                tv_sec: 0,
+                tv_usec: 0,
+            };
+            cvt(unsafe {
+                libc::gettimeofday(&mut s, ptr::null_mut())
+            }).unwrap();
+            return SystemTime::from(s)
+        }
+
+        pub fn sub_time(&self, other: &SystemTime)
+                        -> Result<Duration, Duration> {
+            self.t.sub_timespec(&other.t)
+        }
+
+        pub fn add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> SystemTime {
+            SystemTime { t: self.t.add_duration(other) }
+        }
+
+        pub fn sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> SystemTime {
+            SystemTime { t: self.t.sub_duration(other) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl From<libc::timeval> for SystemTime {
+        fn from(t: libc::timeval) -> SystemTime {
+            SystemTime::from(libc::timespec {
+                tv_sec: t.tv_sec,
+                tv_nsec: (t.tv_usec * 1000) as libc::c_long,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl From<libc::timespec> for SystemTime {
+        fn from(t: libc::timespec) -> SystemTime {
+            SystemTime { t: Timespec { t: t } }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl fmt::Debug for SystemTime {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+            f.debug_struct("SystemTime")
+             .field("tv_sec", &self.t.t.tv_sec)
+             .field("tv_nsec", &self.t.t.tv_nsec)
+             .finish()
+        }
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/horizon/weak.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Support for "weak linkage" to symbols on Unix
+//!
+//! Some I/O operations we do in libstd require newer versions of OSes but we
+//! need to maintain binary compatibility with older releases for now. In order
+//! to use the new functionality when available we use this module for
+//! detection.
+//!
+//! One option to use here is weak linkage, but that is unfortunately only
+//! really workable on Linux. Hence, use dlsym to get the symbol value at
+//! runtime. This is also done for compatibility with older versions of glibc,
+//! and to avoid creating dependencies on GLIBC_PRIVATE symbols. It assumes that
+//! we've been dynamically linked to the library the symbol comes from, but that
+//! is currently always the case for things like libpthread/libc.
+//!
+//! A long time ago this used weak linkage for the __pthread_get_minstack
+//! symbol, but that caused Debian to detect an unnecessarily strict versioned
+//! dependency on libc6 (#23628).
+
+use libc;
+
+use ffi::CString;
+use marker;
+use mem;
+use sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+
+macro_rules! weak {
+    (fn $name:ident($($t:ty),*) -> $ret:ty) => (
+        static $name: ::sys::weak::Weak<unsafe extern fn($($t),*) -> $ret> =
+            ::sys::weak::Weak::new(stringify!($name));
+    )
+}
+
+pub struct Weak<F> {
+    name: &'static str,
+    addr: AtomicUsize,
+    _marker: marker::PhantomData<F>,
+}
+
+impl<F> Weak<F> {
+    pub const fn new(name: &'static str) -> Weak<F> {
+        Weak {
+            name,
+            addr: AtomicUsize::new(1),
+            _marker: marker::PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&self) -> Option<&F> {
+        assert_eq!(mem::size_of::<F>(), mem::size_of::<usize>());
+        unsafe {
+            if self.addr.load(Ordering::SeqCst) == 1 {
+                self.addr.store(fetch(self.name), Ordering::SeqCst);
+            }
+            if self.addr.load(Ordering::SeqCst) == 0 {
+                None
+            } else {
+                mem::transmute::<&AtomicUsize, Option<&F>>(&self.addr)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe fn fetch(name: &str) -> usize {
+    let name = match CString::new(name) {
+        Ok(cstr) => cstr,
+        Err(..) => return 0,
+    };
+    libc::dlsym(0 as _, name.as_ptr() as *const u8) as usize
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/mod.rs

@@ -33,9 +33,24 @@
 #![allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
 
 cfg_if! {
-    if #[cfg(unix)] {
+    if #[cfg(target_os = "horizon")] {
+        mod horizon;
+        pub use self::horizon::*;
+    } else if #[cfg(unix)] {
         mod unix;
         pub use self::unix::*;
+    } else if #[cfg(windows)] {
+        mod windows;
+        pub use self::windows::*;
+    } else if #[cfg(target_os = "cloudabi")] {
+        mod cloudabi;
+        pub use self::cloudabi::*;
+    } else if #[cfg(target_os = "redox")] {
+        mod redox;
+        pub use self::redox::*;
+    } else if #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")] {
+        mod wasm;
+        pub use self::wasm::*;
     } else {
         compile_error!("libstd doesn't compile for this platform yet");
     }

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/args.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Global initialization and retrieval of command line arguments.
+//!
+//! On some platforms these are stored during runtime startup,
+//! and on some they are retrieved from the system on demand.
+
+#![allow(dead_code)] // runtime init functions not used during testing
+
+use ffi::OsString;
+use marker::PhantomData;
+use vec;
+
+/// One-time global initialization.
+pub unsafe fn init(argc: isize, argv: *const *const u8) { imp::init(argc, argv) }
+
+/// One-time global cleanup.
+pub unsafe fn cleanup() { imp::cleanup() }
+
+/// Returns the command line arguments
+pub fn args() -> Args {
+    imp::args()
+}
+
+pub struct Args {
+    iter: vec::IntoIter<OsString>,
+    _dont_send_or_sync_me: PhantomData<*mut ()>,
+}
+
+impl Args {
+    pub fn inner_debug(&self) -> &[OsString] {
+        self.iter.as_slice()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for Args {
+    type Item = OsString;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> { self.iter.next() }
+    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) { self.iter.size_hint() }
+}
+
+impl ExactSizeIterator for Args {
+    fn len(&self) -> usize { self.iter.len() }
+}
+
+impl DoubleEndedIterator for Args {
+    fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> { self.iter.next_back() }
+}
+
+mod imp {
+    use os::unix::prelude::*;
+    use mem;
+    use ffi::{CStr, OsString};
+    use marker::PhantomData;
+    use libc;
+    use super::Args;
+
+    use sys_common::mutex::Mutex;
+
+    static mut GLOBAL_ARGS_PTR: usize = 0;
+    static LOCK: Mutex = Mutex::new();
+
+    pub unsafe fn init(argc: isize, argv: *const *const u8) {
+        let args = (0..argc).map(|i| {
+            CStr::from_ptr(*argv.offset(i) as *const libc::c_char).to_bytes().to_vec()
+        }).collect();
+
+        LOCK.lock();
+        let ptr = get_global_ptr();
+        assert!((*ptr).is_none());
+        (*ptr) = Some(box args);
+        LOCK.unlock();
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn cleanup() {
+        LOCK.lock();
+        *get_global_ptr() = None;
+        LOCK.unlock();
+    }
+
+    pub fn args() -> Args {
+        let bytes = clone().unwrap_or(Vec::new());
+        let v: Vec<OsString> = bytes.into_iter().map(|v| {
+            OsStringExt::from_vec(v)
+        }).collect();
+        Args { iter: v.into_iter(), _dont_send_or_sync_me: PhantomData }
+    }
+
+    fn clone() -> Option<Vec<Vec<u8>>> {
+        unsafe {
+            LOCK.lock();
+            let ptr = get_global_ptr();
+            let ret = (*ptr).as_ref().map(|s| (**s).clone());
+            LOCK.unlock();
+            return ret
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_global_ptr() -> *mut Option<Box<Vec<Vec<u8>>>> {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(&GLOBAL_ARGS_PTR) }
+    }
+
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/backtrace/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+/// See sys/unix/backtrace/mod.rs for an explanation of the method used here.
+
+pub use self::tracing::unwind_backtrace;
+pub use self::printing::{foreach_symbol_fileline, resolve_symname};
+
+// tracing impls:
+mod tracing;
+// symbol resolvers:
+mod printing;
+
+pub mod gnu {
+    use io;
+    use fs;
+    use libc::c_char;
+    use vec::Vec;
+    use ffi::OsStr;
+    use os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
+    use io::Read;
+
+    pub fn get_executable_filename() -> io::Result<(Vec<c_char>, fs::File)> {
+        let mut exefile = fs::File::open("sys:exe")?;
+        let mut exename = Vec::new();
+        exefile.read_to_end(&mut exename)?;
+        if exename.last() == Some(&b'\n') {
+            exename.pop();
+        }
+        let file = fs::File::open(OsStr::from_bytes(&exename))?;
+        Ok((exename.into_iter().map(|c| c as c_char).collect(), file))
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct BacktraceContext;

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/backtrace/printing.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+pub use sys_common::gnu::libbacktrace::{foreach_symbol_fileline, resolve_symname};

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/backtrace/tracing.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2014-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use error::Error;
+use io;
+use libc;
+use sys::backtrace::BacktraceContext;
+use sys_common::backtrace::Frame;
+
+use unwind as uw;
+
+struct Context<'a> {
+    idx: usize,
+    frames: &'a mut [Frame],
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct UnwindError(uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code);
+
+impl Error for UnwindError {
+    fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "unexpected return value while unwinding"
+    }
+}
+
+impl ::fmt::Display for UnwindError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::fmt::Formatter) -> ::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}: {:?}", self.description(), self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)] // if we know this is a function call, we can skip it when
+                 // tracing
+pub fn unwind_backtrace(frames: &mut [Frame])
+    -> io::Result<(usize, BacktraceContext)>
+{
+    let mut cx = Context {
+        idx: 0,
+        frames: frames,
+    };
+    let result_unwind = unsafe {
+        uw::_Unwind_Backtrace(trace_fn,
+                              &mut cx as *mut Context
+                              as *mut libc::c_void)
+    };
+    // See libunwind:src/unwind/Backtrace.c for the return values.
+    // No, there is no doc.
+    match result_unwind {
+        // These return codes seem to be benign and need to be ignored for backtraces
+        // to show up properly on all tested platforms.
+        uw::_URC_END_OF_STACK | uw::_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR | uw::_URC_FAILURE => {
+            Ok((cx.idx, BacktraceContext))
+        }
+        _ => {
+            Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                               UnwindError(result_unwind)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extern fn trace_fn(ctx: *mut uw::_Unwind_Context,
+                   arg: *mut libc::c_void) -> uw::_Unwind_Reason_Code {
+    let cx = unsafe { &mut *(arg as *mut Context) };
+    let mut ip_before_insn = 0;
+    let mut ip = unsafe {
+        uw::_Unwind_GetIPInfo(ctx, &mut ip_before_insn) as *mut libc::c_void
+    };
+    if !ip.is_null() && ip_before_insn == 0 {
+        // this is a non-signaling frame, so `ip` refers to the address
+        // after the calling instruction. account for that.
+        ip = (ip as usize - 1) as *mut _;
+    }
+
+    // dladdr() on osx gets whiny when we use FindEnclosingFunction, and
+    // it appears to work fine without it, so we only use
+    // FindEnclosingFunction on non-osx platforms. In doing so, we get a
+    // slightly more accurate stack trace in the process.
+    //
+    // This is often because panic involves the last instruction of a
+    // function being "call std::rt::begin_unwind", with no ret
+    // instructions after it. This means that the return instruction
+    // pointer points *outside* of the calling function, and by
+    // unwinding it we go back to the original function.
+    let symaddr = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") || cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+        ip
+    } else {
+        unsafe { uw::_Unwind_FindEnclosingFunction(ip) }
+    };
+
+    if cx.idx < cx.frames.len() {
+        cx.frames[cx.idx] = Frame {
+            symbol_addr: symaddr as *mut u8,
+            exact_position: ip as *mut u8,
+            inline_context: 0,
+        };
+        cx.idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    uw::_URC_NO_REASON
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/cmath.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg(not(test))]
+
+use libc::{c_float, c_double};
+
+#[link_name = "m"]
+extern {
+    pub fn acos(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn acosf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn asin(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn asinf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn atan(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn atan2(a: c_double, b: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn atan2f(a: c_float, b: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn atanf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn cbrt(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn cbrtf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn cosh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn coshf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn expm1(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn expm1f(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn fdim(a: c_double, b: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn fdimf(a: c_float, b: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn hypot(x: c_double, y: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn hypotf(x: c_float, y: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn log1p(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn log1pf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn sinh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn sinhf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn tan(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn tanf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+    pub fn tanh(n: c_double) -> c_double;
+    pub fn tanhf(n: c_float) -> c_float;
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/condvar.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use cell::UnsafeCell;
+use intrinsics::{atomic_cxchg, atomic_load, atomic_xadd, atomic_xchg};
+use ptr;
+use time::Duration;
+
+use sys::mutex::{mutex_unlock, Mutex};
+use sys::syscall::{futex, TimeSpec, FUTEX_WAIT, FUTEX_WAKE, FUTEX_REQUEUE};
+
+pub struct Condvar {
+    lock: UnsafeCell<*mut i32>,
+    seq: UnsafeCell<i32>
+}
+
+impl Condvar {
+    pub const fn new() -> Condvar {
+        Condvar {
+            lock: UnsafeCell::new(ptr::null_mut()),
+            seq: UnsafeCell::new(0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn init(&self) {
+        *self.lock.get() = ptr::null_mut();
+        *self.seq.get() = 0;
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn notify_one(&self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let seq = self.seq.get();
+
+            atomic_xadd(seq, 1);
+
+            let _ = futex(seq, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, 0, ptr::null_mut());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn notify_all(&self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let lock = self.lock.get();
+            let seq = self.seq.get();
+
+            if *lock == ptr::null_mut() {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            atomic_xadd(seq, 1);
+
+            let _ = futex(seq, FUTEX_REQUEUE, 1, ::usize::MAX, *lock);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    unsafe fn wait_inner(&self, mutex: &Mutex, timeout_ptr: *const TimeSpec) -> bool {
+        let lock = self.lock.get();
+        let seq = self.seq.get();
+
+        if *lock != mutex.lock.get() {
+            if *lock != ptr::null_mut() {
+                panic!("Condvar used with more than one Mutex");
+            }
+
+            atomic_cxchg(lock as *mut usize, 0, mutex.lock.get() as usize);
+        }
+
+        mutex_unlock(*lock);
+
+        let seq_before = atomic_load(seq);
+
+        let _ = futex(seq, FUTEX_WAIT, seq_before, timeout_ptr as usize, ptr::null_mut());
+
+        let seq_after = atomic_load(seq);
+
+        while atomic_xchg(*lock, 2) != 0 {
+            let _ = futex(*lock, FUTEX_WAIT, 2, 0, ptr::null_mut());
+        }
+
+        seq_before != seq_after
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn wait(&self, mutex: &Mutex) {
+        unsafe {
+            assert!(self.wait_inner(mutex, ptr::null()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn wait_timeout(&self, mutex: &Mutex, dur: Duration) -> bool {
+        unsafe {
+            let timeout = TimeSpec {
+                tv_sec: dur.as_secs() as i64,
+                tv_nsec: dur.subsec_nanos() as i32
+            };
+
+            self.wait_inner(mutex, &timeout as *const TimeSpec)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn destroy(&self) {
+        *self.lock.get() = ptr::null_mut();
+        *self.seq.get() = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for Condvar {}
+
+unsafe impl Sync for Condvar {}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/env.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+pub mod os {
+    pub const FAMILY: &'static str = "redox";
+    pub const OS: &'static str = "redox";
+    pub const DLL_PREFIX: &'static str = "lib";
+    pub const DLL_SUFFIX: &'static str = ".so";
+    pub const DLL_EXTENSION: &'static str = "so";
+    pub const EXE_SUFFIX: &'static str = "";
+    pub const EXE_EXTENSION: &'static str = "";
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/ffi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Redox-specific extension to the primitives in the `std::ffi` module.
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
+use mem;
+use sys::os_str::Buf;
+use sys_common::{FromInner, IntoInner, AsInner};
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`OsString`].
+///
+/// [`OsString`]: ../../../../std/ffi/struct.OsString.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait OsStringExt {
+    /// Creates an `OsString` from a byte vector.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn from_vec(vec: Vec<u8>) -> Self;
+
+    /// Yields the underlying byte vector of this `OsString`.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8>;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl OsStringExt for OsString {
+    fn from_vec(vec: Vec<u8>) -> OsString {
+        FromInner::from_inner(Buf { inner: vec })
+    }
+    fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        self.into_inner().inner
+    }
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`OsStr`].
+///
+/// [`OsStr`]: ../../../../std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait OsStrExt {
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn from_bytes(slice: &[u8]) -> &Self;
+
+    /// Gets the underlying byte view of the `OsStr` slice.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8];
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl OsStrExt for OsStr {
+    fn from_bytes(slice: &[u8]) -> &OsStr {
+        unsafe { mem::transmute(slice) }
+    }
+    fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self.as_inner().inner
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Redox-specific extensions to primitives in the `std::fs` module.
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use fs::{self, Permissions, OpenOptions};
+use io;
+use path::Path;
+use sys;
+use sys_common::{FromInner, AsInner, AsInnerMut};
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`fs::Permissions`].
+///
+/// [`fs::Permissions`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.Permissions.html
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait PermissionsExt {
+    /// Returns the underlying raw `mode_t` bits that are the standard Redox
+    /// permissions for this file.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let f = File::create("foo.txt")?;
+    ///     let metadata = f.metadata()?;
+    ///     let permissions = metadata.permissions();
+    ///
+    ///     println!("permissions: {}", permissions.mode());
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32;
+
+    /// Sets the underlying raw bits for this set of permissions.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let f = File::create("foo.txt")?;
+    ///     let metadata = f.metadata()?;
+    ///     let mut permissions = metadata.permissions();
+    ///
+    ///     permissions.set_mode(0o644); // Read/write for owner and read for others.
+    ///     assert_eq!(permissions.mode(), 0o644);
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: u32);
+
+    /// Creates a new instance of `Permissions` from the given set of Redox
+    /// permission bits.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use std::fs::Permissions;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::PermissionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// // Read/write for owner and read for others.
+    /// let permissions = Permissions::from_mode(0o644);
+    /// assert_eq!(permissions.mode(), 0o644);
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn from_mode(mode: u32) -> Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl PermissionsExt for Permissions {
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().mode()
+    }
+
+    fn set_mode(&mut self, mode: u32) {
+        *self = Permissions::from_inner(FromInner::from_inner(mode));
+    }
+
+    fn from_mode(mode: u32) -> Permissions {
+        Permissions::from_inner(FromInner::from_inner(mode))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`fs::OpenOptions`].
+///
+/// [`fs::OpenOptions`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.OpenOptions.html
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait OpenOptionsExt {
+    /// Sets the mode bits that a new file will be created with.
+    ///
+    /// If a new file is created as part of a `File::open_opts` call then this
+    /// specified `mode` will be used as the permission bits for the new file.
+    /// If no `mode` is set, the default of `0o666` will be used.
+    /// The operating system masks out bits with the systems `umask`, to produce
+    /// the final permissions.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// # #![feature(libc)]
+    /// extern crate libc;
+    /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// # fn main() {
+    /// let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+    /// options.mode(0o644); // Give read/write for owner and read for others.
+    /// let file = options.open("foo.txt");
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut Self;
+
+    /// Pass custom flags to the `flags` argument of `open`.
+    ///
+    /// The bits that define the access mode are masked out with `O_ACCMODE`, to
+    /// ensure they do not interfere with the access mode set by Rusts options.
+    ///
+    /// Custom flags can only set flags, not remove flags set by Rusts options.
+    /// This options overwrites any previously set custom flags.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// # #![feature(libc)]
+    /// extern crate libc;
+    /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+    ///
+    /// # fn main() {
+    /// let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+    /// options.write(true);
+    /// if cfg!(target_os = "redox") {
+    ///     options.custom_flags(libc::O_NOFOLLOW);
+    /// }
+    /// let file = options.open("foo.txt");
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "open_options_ext", since = "1.10.0")]
+    fn custom_flags(&mut self, flags: i32) -> &mut Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "fs_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl OpenOptionsExt for OpenOptions {
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut OpenOptions {
+        self.as_inner_mut().mode(mode); self
+    }
+
+    fn custom_flags(&mut self, flags: i32) -> &mut OpenOptions {
+        self.as_inner_mut().custom_flags(flags); self
+    }
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`fs::Metadata`].
+///
+/// [`fs::Metadata`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.Metadata.html
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait MetadataExt {
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn dev(&self) -> u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn nlink(&self) -> u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn uid(&self) -> u32;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn gid(&self) -> u32;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn size(&self) -> u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn atime(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn atime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mtime(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ctime(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn blksize(&self) -> u64;
+    #[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+    fn blocks(&self) -> u64;
+}
+
+// Hm, why are there casts here to the returned type, shouldn't the types always
+// be the same? Right you are! Turns out, however, on android at least the types
+// in the raw `stat` structure are not the same as the types being returned. Who
+// knew!
+//
+// As a result to make sure this compiles for all platforms we do the manual
+// casts and rely on manual lowering to `stat` if the raw type is desired.
+#[stable(feature = "metadata_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl MetadataExt for fs::Metadata {
+    fn dev(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_dev as u64
+    }
+    fn ino(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ino as u64
+    }
+    fn mode(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mode as u32
+    }
+    fn nlink(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_nlink as u64
+    }
+    fn uid(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_uid as u32
+    }
+    fn gid(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_gid as u32
+    }
+    fn size(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_size as u64
+    }
+    fn atime(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_atime as i64
+    }
+    fn atime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_atime_nsec as i64
+    }
+    fn mtime(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mtime as i64
+    }
+    fn mtime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_mtime_nsec as i64
+    }
+    fn ctime(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ctime as i64
+    }
+    fn ctime_nsec(&self) -> i64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_ctime_nsec as i64
+    }
+    fn blksize(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_blksize as u64
+    }
+    fn blocks(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().st_blocks as u64
+    }
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions for [`FileType`].
+///
+/// Adds support for special Unix file types such as block/character devices,
+/// pipes, and sockets.
+///
+/// [`FileType`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.FileType.html
+#[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+pub trait FileTypeExt {
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a block device.
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_block_device(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a char device.
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_char_device(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a fifo.
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_fifo(&self) -> bool;
+    /// Returns whether this file type is a socket.
+    #[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+    fn is_socket(&self) -> bool;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "file_type_ext", since = "1.5.0")]
+impl FileTypeExt for fs::FileType {
+    fn is_block_device(&self) -> bool { false /*FIXME: Implement block device mode*/ }
+    fn is_char_device(&self) -> bool { false /*FIXME: Implement char device mode*/ }
+    fn is_fifo(&self) -> bool { false /*FIXME: Implement fifo mode*/ }
+    fn is_socket(&self) -> bool { false /*FIXME: Implement socket mode*/ }
+}
+
+/// Creates a new symbolic link on the filesystem.
+///
+/// The `dst` path will be a symbolic link pointing to the `src` path.
+///
+/// # Note
+///
+/// On Windows, you must specify whether a symbolic link points to a file
+/// or directory.  Use `os::windows::fs::symlink_file` to create a
+/// symbolic link to a file, or `os::windows::fs::symlink_dir` to create a
+/// symbolic link to a directory.  Additionally, the process must have
+/// `SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege` in order to be able to create a
+/// symbolic link.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// use std::os::redox::fs;
+///
+/// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+///     fs::symlink("a.txt", "b.txt")?;
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
+/// ```
+#[stable(feature = "symlink", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub fn symlink<P: AsRef<Path>, Q: AsRef<Path>>(src: P, dst: Q) -> io::Result<()>
+{
+    sys::fs::symlink(src.as_ref(), dst.as_ref())
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`fs::DirBuilder`].
+///
+/// [`fs::DirBuilder`]: ../../../../std/fs/struct.DirBuilder.html
+#[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+pub trait DirBuilderExt {
+    /// Sets the mode to create new directories with. This option defaults to
+    /// 0o777.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// use std::fs::DirBuilder;
+    /// use std::os::redox::fs::DirBuilderExt;
+    ///
+    /// let mut builder = DirBuilder::new();
+    /// builder.mode(0o755);
+    /// ```
+    #[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut Self;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "dir_builder", since = "1.6.0")]
+impl DirBuilderExt for fs::DirBuilder {
+    fn mode(&mut self, mode: u32) -> &mut fs::DirBuilder {
+        self.as_inner_mut().set_mode(mode);
+        self
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/io.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Unix-specific extensions to general I/O primitives
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use fs;
+use net;
+use sys;
+use io;
+use sys_common::{self, AsInner, FromInner, IntoInner};
+
+/// Raw file descriptors.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub type RawFd = usize;
+
+/// A trait to extract the raw unix file descriptor from an underlying
+/// object.
+///
+/// This is only available on unix platforms and must be imported in order
+/// to call the method. Windows platforms have a corresponding `AsRawHandle`
+/// and `AsRawSocket` set of traits.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait AsRawFd {
+    /// Extracts the raw file descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This method does **not** pass ownership of the raw file descriptor
+    /// to the caller. The descriptor is only guaranteed to be valid while
+    /// the original object has not yet been destroyed.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd;
+}
+
+/// A trait to express the ability to construct an object from a raw file
+/// descriptor.
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+pub trait FromRawFd {
+    /// Constructs a new instances of `Self` from the given raw file
+    /// descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This function **consumes ownership** of the specified file
+    /// descriptor. The returned object will take responsibility for closing
+    /// it when the object goes out of scope.
+    ///
+    /// This function is also unsafe as the primitives currently returned
+    /// have the contract that they are the sole owner of the file
+    /// descriptor they are wrapping. Usage of this function could
+    /// accidentally allow violating this contract which can cause memory
+    /// unsafety in code that relies on it being true.
+    #[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> Self;
+}
+
+/// A trait to express the ability to consume an object and acquire ownership of
+/// its raw file descriptor.
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+pub trait IntoRawFd {
+    /// Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor.
+    ///
+    /// This function **transfers ownership** of the underlying file descriptor
+    /// to the caller. Callers are then the unique owners of the file descriptor
+    /// and must close the descriptor once it's no longer needed.
+    #[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for fs::File {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for fs::File {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> fs::File {
+        fs::File::from_inner(sys::fs::File::from_inner(fd))
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for fs::File {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for net::TcpStream {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for net::TcpListener {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for net::UdpSocket {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stdin {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { 0 }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stdout {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { 1 }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "asraw_stdio", since = "1.21.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for io::Stderr {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd { 2 }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for net::TcpStream {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> net::TcpStream {
+        let file = sys::fs::File::from_inner(fd);
+        net::TcpStream::from_inner(sys_common::net::TcpStream::from_inner(file))
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for net::TcpListener {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> net::TcpListener {
+        let file = sys::fs::File::from_inner(fd);
+        net::TcpListener::from_inner(sys_common::net::TcpListener::from_inner(file))
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "from_raw_os", since = "1.1.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for net::UdpSocket {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> net::UdpSocket {
+        let file = sys::fs::File::from_inner(fd);
+        net::UdpSocket::from_inner(sys_common::net::UdpSocket::from_inner(file))
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for net::TcpStream {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for net::TcpListener {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for net::UdpSocket {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Experimental extensions to `std` for Unix platforms.
+//!
+//! For now, this module is limited to extracting file descriptors,
+//! but its functionality will grow over time.
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//!
+//! ```no_run
+//! use std::fs::File;
+//! use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+//!
+//! fn main() {
+//!     let f = File::create("foo.txt").unwrap();
+//!     let fd = f.as_raw_fd();
+//!
+//!     // use fd with native unix bindings
+//! }
+//! ```
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+#![doc(cfg(target_os = "redox"))]
+
+pub mod ffi;
+pub mod fs;
+pub mod io;
+pub mod process;
+pub mod thread;
+
+/// A prelude for conveniently writing platform-specific code.
+///
+/// Includes all extension traits, and some important type definitions.
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub mod prelude {
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::io::{RawFd, AsRawFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::ffi::{OsStrExt, OsStringExt};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::fs::{FileTypeExt, PermissionsExt, OpenOptionsExt, MetadataExt};
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::thread::JoinHandleExt;
+    #[doc(no_inline)] #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    pub use super::process::{CommandExt, ExitStatusExt};
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/process.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Redox-specific extensions to primitives in the `std::process` module.
+
+#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+
+use io;
+use os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, RawFd, AsRawFd, IntoRawFd};
+use process;
+use sys;
+use sys_common::{AsInnerMut, AsInner, FromInner, IntoInner};
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to the [`process::Command`] builder,
+///
+/// [`process::Command`]: ../../../../std/process/struct.Command.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait CommandExt {
+    /// Sets the child process's user id. This translates to a
+    /// `setuid` call in the child process. Failure in the `setuid`
+    /// call will cause the spawn to fail.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn uid(&mut self, id: u32) -> &mut process::Command;
+
+    /// Similar to `uid`, but sets the group id of the child process. This has
+    /// the same semantics as the `uid` field.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn gid(&mut self, id: u32) -> &mut process::Command;
+
+    /// Schedules a closure to be run just before the `exec` function is
+    /// invoked.
+    ///
+    /// The closure is allowed to return an I/O error whose OS error code will
+    /// be communicated back to the parent and returned as an error from when
+    /// the spawn was requested.
+    ///
+    /// Multiple closures can be registered and they will be called in order of
+    /// their registration. If a closure returns `Err` then no further closures
+    /// will be called and the spawn operation will immediately return with a
+    /// failure.
+    ///
+    /// # Notes
+    ///
+    /// This closure will be run in the context of the child process after a
+    /// `fork`. This primarily means that any modifications made to memory on
+    /// behalf of this closure will **not** be visible to the parent process.
+    /// This is often a very constrained environment where normal operations
+    /// like `malloc` or acquiring a mutex are not guaranteed to work (due to
+    /// other threads perhaps still running when the `fork` was run).
+    ///
+    /// When this closure is run, aspects such as the stdio file descriptors and
+    /// working directory have successfully been changed, so output to these
+    /// locations may not appear where intended.
+    #[stable(feature = "process_exec", since = "1.15.0")]
+    fn before_exec<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> &mut process::Command
+        where F: FnMut() -> io::Result<()> + Send + Sync + 'static;
+
+    /// Performs all the required setup by this `Command`, followed by calling
+    /// the `execvp` syscall.
+    ///
+    /// On success this function will not return, and otherwise it will return
+    /// an error indicating why the exec (or another part of the setup of the
+    /// `Command`) failed.
+    ///
+    /// This function, unlike `spawn`, will **not** `fork` the process to create
+    /// a new child. Like spawn, however, the default behavior for the stdio
+    /// descriptors will be to inherited from the current process.
+    ///
+    /// # Notes
+    ///
+    /// The process may be in a "broken state" if this function returns in
+    /// error. For example the working directory, environment variables, signal
+    /// handling settings, various user/group information, or aspects of stdio
+    /// file descriptors may have changed. If a "transactional spawn" is
+    /// required to gracefully handle errors it is recommended to use the
+    /// cross-platform `spawn` instead.
+    #[stable(feature = "process_exec2", since = "1.9.0")]
+    fn exec(&mut self) -> io::Error;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl CommandExt for process::Command {
+    fn uid(&mut self, id: u32) -> &mut process::Command {
+        self.as_inner_mut().uid(id);
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn gid(&mut self, id: u32) -> &mut process::Command {
+        self.as_inner_mut().gid(id);
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn before_exec<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> &mut process::Command
+        where F: FnMut() -> io::Result<()> + Send + Sync + 'static
+    {
+        self.as_inner_mut().before_exec(Box::new(f));
+        self
+    }
+
+    fn exec(&mut self) -> io::Error {
+        self.as_inner_mut().exec(sys::process::Stdio::Inherit)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`process::ExitStatus`].
+///
+/// [`process::ExitStatus`]: ../../../../std/process/struct.ExitStatus.html
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+pub trait ExitStatusExt {
+    /// Creates a new `ExitStatus` from the raw underlying `i32` return value of
+    /// a process.
+    #[stable(feature = "exit_status_from", since = "1.12.0")]
+    fn from_raw(raw: i32) -> Self;
+
+    /// If the process was terminated by a signal, returns that signal.
+    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+    fn signal(&self) -> Option<i32>;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
+impl ExitStatusExt for process::ExitStatus {
+    fn from_raw(raw: i32) -> Self {
+        process::ExitStatus::from_inner(From::from(raw))
+    }
+
+    fn signal(&self) -> Option<i32> {
+        self.as_inner().signal()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "process_extensions", since = "1.2.0")]
+impl FromRawFd for process::Stdio {
+    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> process::Stdio {
+        let fd = sys::fd::FileDesc::new(fd);
+        let io = sys::process::Stdio::Fd(fd);
+        process::Stdio::from_inner(io)
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "process_extensions", since = "1.2.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for process::ChildStdin {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "process_extensions", since = "1.2.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for process::ChildStdout {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "process_extensions", since = "1.2.0")]
+impl AsRawFd for process::ChildStderr {
+    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
+        self.as_inner().fd().raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for process::ChildStdin {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for process::ChildStdout {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "into_raw_os", since = "1.4.0")]
+impl IntoRawFd for process::ChildStderr {
+    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
+        self.into_inner().into_fd().into_raw()
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/ext/thread.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Redox-specific extensions to primitives in the `std::thread` module.
+
+#![stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+
+use sys_common::{AsInner, IntoInner};
+use thread::JoinHandle;
+
+#[stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+#[allow(deprecated)]
+pub type RawPthread = usize;
+
+/// Redox-specific extensions to [`thread::JoinHandle`].
+///
+/// [`thread::JoinHandle`]: ../../../../std/thread/struct.JoinHandle.html
+#[stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+pub trait JoinHandleExt {
+    /// Extracts the raw pthread_t without taking ownership
+    #[stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+    fn as_pthread_t(&self) -> RawPthread;
+
+    /// Consumes the thread, returning the raw pthread_t
+    ///
+    /// This function **transfers ownership** of the underlying pthread_t to
+    /// the caller. Callers are then the unique owners of the pthread_t and
+    /// must either detach or join the pthread_t once it's no longer needed.
+    #[stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+    fn into_pthread_t(self) -> RawPthread;
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "thread_extensions", since = "1.9.0")]
+impl<T> JoinHandleExt for JoinHandle<T> {
+    fn as_pthread_t(&self) -> RawPthread {
+        self.as_inner().id() as RawPthread
+    }
+
+    fn into_pthread_t(self) -> RawPthread {
+        self.into_inner().into_id() as RawPthread
+    }
+}

ctr-std/src/sys/redox/fast_thread_local.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+#![cfg(target_thread_local)]
+#![unstable(feature = "thread_local_internals", issue = "0")]
+
+use cell::{Cell, UnsafeCell};
+use mem;
+use ptr;
+
+
+pub struct Key<T> {
+    inner: UnsafeCell<Option<T>>,
+
+    // Metadata to keep track of the state of the destructor. Remember that
+    // these variables are thread-local, not global.
+    dtor_registered: Cell<bool>,
+    dtor_running: Cell<bool>,
+}
+
+unsafe impl<T> ::marker::Sync for Key<T> { }
+
+impl<T> Key<T> {
+    pub const fn new() -> Key<T> {
+        Key {
+            inner: UnsafeCell::new(None),
+            dtor_registered: Cell::new(false),
+            dtor_running: Cell::new(false)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&'static self) -> Option<&'static UnsafeCell<Option<T>>> {
+        unsafe {
+            if mem::needs_drop::<T>() && self.dtor_running.get() {
+                return None
+            }
+            self.register_dtor();
+        }
+        Some(&self.inner)
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn register_dtor(&self) {
+        if !mem::needs_drop::<T>() || self.dtor_registered.get() {
+            return
+        }
+
+        register_dtor(self as *const _ as *mut u8,
+                      destroy_value::<T>);
+        self.dtor_registered.set(true);
+    }
+}
+
+pub unsafe fn register_dtor(t: *mut u8, dtor: unsafe extern fn(*mut u8)) {
+    // The fallback implementation uses a vanilla OS-based TLS key to track
+    // the list of destructors that need to be run for this thread. The key
+    // then has its own destructor which runs all the other destructors.
+    //
+    // The destructor for DTORS is a little special in that it has a `while`
+    // loop to continuously drain the list of registered destructors. It
+    // *should* be the case that this loop always terminates because we
+    // provide the guarantee that a TLS key cannot be set after it is
+    // flagged for destruction.
+    use sys_common::thread_local as os;
+
+    static DTORS: os::StaticKey = os::StaticKey::new(Some(run_dtors));
+    type List = Vec<(*mut u8, unsafe extern fn(*mut u8))>;
+    if DTORS.get().is_null() {
+        let v: Box<List> = box Vec::new();
+        DTORS.set(Box::into_raw(v) as *mut u8);
+    }
+    let list: &mut List = &mut *(DTORS.get() as *mut List);
+    list.push((t, dtor));
+
+    unsafe extern fn run_dtors(mut ptr: *mut u8) {
+        while !ptr.is_null() {
+            let list: Box<List> = Box::from_raw(ptr as *mut List);
+            for (ptr, dtor) in list.into_iter() {
+                dtor(ptr);
+            }
+            ptr = DTORS.get();
+            DTORS.set(ptr::null_mut());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub unsafe extern fn destroy_value<T>(ptr: *mut u8) {
+    let ptr = ptr as *mut Key<T>;
+    // Right before we run the user destructor be sure to flag the
+    // destructor as running for this thread so calls to `get` will return
+    // `None`.
+    (*ptr).dtor_running.set(true);
+
+    // The macOS implementation of TLS apparently had an odd aspect to it
+    // where the pointer we have may be overwritten while this destructor
+    // is running. Specifically if a TLS destructor re-accesses TLS it may
+    // trigger a re-initialization of all TLS variables, paving over at
+    // least some destroyed ones with initial values.
+    //
+    // This means that if we drop a TLS value in place on macOS that we could
+    // revert the value to its original state halfway through the
+    // destructor, which would be bad!
+    //
+    // Hence, we use `ptr::read` on macOS (to move to a "safe" location)
+    // instead of drop_in_place.
+    if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+        ptr::read((*ptr).inner.get());
+    } else {
+        ptr::drop_in_place((*ptr).inner.get());
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn requires_move_before_drop() -> bool {
+    false
+}