Merge pull request #5 from FenrirWolf/master

API overhaul and simplification, plus console support

3ds.json

@@ -18,12 +18,13 @@
   "dynamic-linking": false,
   "no-compiler-rt": true,
   "exe-suffix": ".elf",
-  "pre-link-args": ["-specs",
+  "is-like-windows": true,
+  "function-sections": false,
+  "pre-link-args": [
+    "-specs",
     "3dsx.specs",
     "-march=armv6k",
     "-mtune=mpcore",
     "-mfloat-abi=hard"
-  ],
+  ]
-  "is-like-windows": true,
-  "function-sections": false
 }

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 [package]
-name = "ctru-rs"
-version = "0.2.0"
-description = "A safe wrapper around smealum's ctrulib."
 authors = ["Ronald Kinard <furyhunter600@gmail.com>"]
-links = "ctru"
 build = "build.rs"
+description = "A safe wrapper around smealum's ctrulib."
 license = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib_License"
+links = "ctru"
+name = "ctru-rs"
+version = "0.3.0"
+
+[dependencies.ctru-sys]
+path = "ctru-sys"
 
 [lib]
-name = "ctru"
 crate-type = ["rlib"]
-
+name = "ctru"
-[dependencies]
-ctru-sys = { path = "ctru-sys" }

ctru-sys/src/console.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use c_void;
+use libc::c_void;
 
 use super::gfx::*;
 
@@ -54,7 +54,12 @@ pub enum debugDevice {
 
 extern "C" {
     pub fn consoleSetFont(console: *mut PrintConsole, font: *mut ConsoleFont) -> ();
-    pub fn consoleSetWindow(console: *mut PrintConsole, x: i32, y: i32, width: i32, height: i32) -> ();
+    pub fn consoleSetWindow(console: *mut PrintConsole,
+                            x: i32,
+                            y: i32,
+                            width: i32,
+                            height: i32)
+                            -> ();
     pub fn consoleGetDefault() -> *mut PrintConsole;
     pub fn consoleSelect(console: *mut PrintConsole) -> *mut PrintConsole;
     pub fn consoleInit(screen: gfxScreen_t, console: *mut PrintConsole) -> *mut PrintConsole;

ctru-sys/src/ipc.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//TODO: Implement static inline functions + solve the anonymous enum enigma
+//TODO: Implement static inline functions
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -7,4 +7,3 @@ pub enum IPC_BufferRights {
     IPC_BUFFER_W = 4,
     IPC_BUFFER_RW = 6,
 }
-

ctru-sys/src/lib.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub mod gfx;
 pub mod gpu;
 pub mod ipc;
 pub mod lock;
+pub mod libc;
 pub mod os;
 pub mod sdmc;
 pub mod srv;
@@ -29,10 +30,4 @@ pub use self::types::*;
 pub type Result = i32;
 pub type Handle = u32;
 
-#[repr(u8)]
+pub type ThreadFunc = Option<extern "C" fn(arg1: *mut libc::c_void) -> ()>;
-pub enum c_void {
-    __variant1,
-    __variant2,
-}
-
-pub type ThreadFunc = Option<extern "C" fn(arg1: *mut c_void) -> ()>;

ctru-sys/src/libc.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+pub const STDOUT_FILENO: i32 = 1;
+
+#[repr(u8)]
+pub enum c_void {
+    __variant1,
+    __variant2,
+}
+
+extern "C" {
+    pub fn write(fd: i32, buf: *const c_void, count: usize) -> isize;
+}

ctru-sys/src/os.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //TODO: Fix Bindgen's issues again. 
 
 use ::Result;
+use libc::c_void;
 use types::*;
 
 #[inline]
@@ -35,9 +36,9 @@ impl ::core::default::Default for Struct_Unnamed2 {
 }
 pub type OS_VersionBin = Struct_Unnamed2;
 extern "C" {
-    pub fn osConvertVirtToPhys(vaddr: *const ::c_void) -> u32;
+    pub fn osConvertVirtToPhys(vaddr: *const c_void) -> u32;
-    pub fn osConvertOldLINEARMemToNew(vaddr: *const ::c_void)
+    pub fn osConvertOldLINEARMemToNew(vaddr: *const c_void)
-     -> *mut ::c_void;
+     -> *mut c_void;
     pub fn osStrError(error: u32) -> *const u8;
     pub fn osGetMemRegionUsed(region: MemRegion) -> s64;
     pub fn osGetTime() -> u64;

ctru-sys/src/result.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//TODO: Implement C macro functions? Maybe?
+
+//Result code level values
+pub const RL_SUCCESS :i32 = 0;
+pub const RL_INFO :i32 = 1;
+pub const RL_FATAL :i32 = 31;
+pub const RL_RESET :i32 = 30;
+pub const RL_REINITIALIZE :i32 = 29;
+pub const RL_USAGE :i32 = 28;
+pub const RL_PERMANENT :i32 = 27;
+pub const RL_TEMPORARY :i32 = 26;
+pub const RL_STATUS :i32 = 25;
+
+//Result code summary values
+pub const RS_SUCCESS :i32 = 0;
+pub const RS_NOP :i32 = 1;
+pub const RS_WOULDBLOCK :i32 = 2;
+pub const RS_OUTOFRESOURCE :i32 = 3;
+pub const RS_NOTFOUND :i32 = 4;
+pub const RS_INVALIDSTATE :i32 = 5;
+pub const RS_NOTSUPPORTED :i32 = 6;
+pub const RS_INVALIDARG :i32 = 7;
+pub const RS_WRONGARG :i32 = 8;
+pub const RS_CANCELED :i32 = 9;
+pub const RS_STATUSCHANGED :i32 = 10;
+pub const RS_INTERNAL :i32 = 11;
+pub const RS_INVALIDRESVAL :i32 = 63;
+
+//Result code generic description values
+pub const RD_SUCCESS :i32 = 0;
+pub const RD_INVALID_RESULT_VALUE :i32 = 1023;
+pub const RD_TIMEOUT :i32 = 1022;
+pub const RD_OUT_OF_RANGE :i32 = 1021;
+pub const RD_ALREADY_EXISTS :i32 = 1020;
+pub const RD_CANCEL_REQUESTED :i32 = 1019;
+pub const RD_NOT_FOUND :i32 = 1018;
+pub const RD_ALREADY_INITIALIZED :i32 = 1017;
+pub const RD_NOT_INITIALIZED :i32 = 1016;
+pub const RD_INVALID_HANDLE :i32 = 1015;
+pub const RD_INVALID_POINTER :i32 = 1014;
+pub const RD_INVALID_ADDRESS :i32 = 1013;
+pub const RD_NOT_IMPLEMENTED :i32 = 1012;
+pub const RD_OUT_OF_MEMORY :i32 = 1011;
+pub const RD_MISALIGNED_SIZE :i32 = 1010;
+pub const RD_MISALIGNED_ADDRESS :i32 = 1009;
+pub const RD_BUSY :i32 = 1008;
+pub const RD_NO_DATA :i32 = 1007;
+pub const RD_INVALID_COMBINATION :i32 = 1006;
+pub const RD_INVALID_ENUM_VALUE :i32 = 1005;
+pub const RD_INVALID_SIZE :i32 = 1004;
+pub const RD_ALREADY_DONE :i32 = 1003;
+pub const RD_NOT_AUTHORIZED :i32 = 1002;
+pub const RD_TOO_LARGE :i32 = 1001;
+pub const RD_INVALID_SELECTION :i32 = 1000;

ctru-sys/src/services/apt.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Result, Handle};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]

ctru-sys/src/services/cam.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // TODO: Determine if anonymous enums are properly represented (they probably aren't)
 
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use libc::c_void;
 use ::types::*;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]

ctru-sys/src/services/dsp.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]

ctru-sys/src/services/fs.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // TODO: Determine if anonymous enums are properly represented (they probably aren't)
 
 use ::{Handle, Result};
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ pub type FS_DeviceMoveContext = Struct_Unnamed24;
 pub struct Struct_Unnamed25 {
     pub _type: FS_PathType,
     pub size: u32,
-    pub data: *const ::c_void,
+    pub data: *const c_void,
 }
 impl ::core::clone::Clone for Struct_Unnamed25 {
     fn clone(&self) -> Self { *self }
@@ -305,12 +306,12 @@ extern "C" {
     pub fn fsExit();
     pub fn fsUseSession(session: Handle, sdmc: u8);
     pub fn fsEndUseSession();
-    pub fn fsMakePath(_type: FS_PathType, path: *const ::c_void)
+    pub fn fsMakePath(_type: FS_PathType, path: *const c_void)
      -> FS_Path;
     pub fn fsGetSessionHandle() -> *mut Handle;
     pub fn FSUSER_Control(action: FS_Action,
-                          input: *mut ::c_void, inputSize: u32,
+                          input: *mut c_void, inputSize: u32,
-                          output: *mut ::c_void,
+                          output: *mut c_void,
                           outputSize: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_Initialize(session: Handle) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_OpenFile(out: *mut Handle, archive: FS_Archive,
@@ -339,9 +340,9 @@ extern "C" {
     pub fn FSUSER_OpenArchive(archive: *mut FS_Archive) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_ControlArchive(archive: FS_Archive,
                                  action: FS_ArchiveAction,
-                                 input: *mut ::c_void,
+                                 input: *mut c_void,
                                  inputSize: u32,
-                                 output: *mut ::c_void,
+                                 output: *mut c_void,
                                  outputSize: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_CloseArchive(archive: *mut FS_Archive) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_GetFreeBytes(freeBytes: *mut u64, archive: FS_Archive)
@@ -495,22 +496,22 @@ extern "C" {
                                          titleUniqueId: u32,
                                          titleVariation: u8) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_ControlSecureSave(action: FS_SecureSaveAction,
-                                    input: *mut ::c_void,
+                                    input: *mut c_void,
                                     inputSize: u32,
-                                    output: *mut ::c_void,
+                                    output: *mut c_void,
                                     outputSize: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSUSER_GetMediaType(mediaType: *mut FS_MediaType) -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_Control(handle: Handle, action: FS_FileAction,
-                          input: *mut ::c_void, inputSize: u32,
+                          input: *mut c_void, inputSize: u32,
-                          output: *mut ::c_void,
+                          output: *mut c_void,
                           outputSize: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_OpenSubFile(handle: Handle, subFile: *mut Handle,
                               offset: u64, size: u64) -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_Read(handle: Handle, bytesRead: *mut u32, offset: u64,
-                       buffer: *mut ::c_void, size: u32)
+                       buffer: *mut c_void, size: u32)
      -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_Write(handle: Handle, bytesWritten: *mut u32, offset: u64,
-                        buffer: *const ::c_void, size: u32,
+                        buffer: *const c_void, size: u32,
                         flags: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_GetSize(handle: Handle, size: *mut u64) -> Result;
     pub fn FSFILE_SetSize(handle: Handle, size: u64) -> Result;
@@ -524,8 +525,8 @@ extern "C" {
     pub fn FSFILE_OpenLinkFile(handle: Handle, linkFile: *mut Handle)
      -> Result;
     pub fn FSDIR_Control(handle: Handle, action: FS_DirectoryAction,
-                         input: *mut ::c_void, inputSize: u32,
+                         input: *mut c_void, inputSize: u32,
-                         output: *mut ::c_void,
+                         output: *mut c_void,
                          outputSize: u32) -> Result;
     pub fn FSDIR_Read(handle: Handle, entriesRead: *mut u32,
                       entryCount: u32, entries: *mut FS_DirectoryEntry)

ctru-sys/src/services/gspgpu.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 use ::types::*;
 
 #[inline]

ctru-sys/src/services/hb.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::Result;
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 
 extern "C" {

ctru-sys/src/services/news.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::Result;
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 extern "C" {
     pub fn newsInit() -> Result;

ctru-sys/src/services/pm.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 extern "C" {
     pub fn pmInit() -> Result;

ctru-sys/src/services/srvpm.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 
 extern "C" {
     pub fn srvPmInit() -> Result;

ctru-sys/src/services/y2r.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ::{Handle, Result};
-use ::c_void;
+use ::libc::c_void;
 use ::types::*;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]

ctru-sys/src/srv.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use {Result, Handle};
-use c_void;
+use libc::c_void;
 
 extern "C" {
     pub fn srvInit() -> Result;

ctru-sys/src/svc.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //TODO: Implement static functions
 
 use {Handle, Result};
-use c_void;
+use libc::c_void;
 use ThreadFunc;
 use types::*;
 

ctru-sys/src/thread.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use {Handle, Result};
-use c_void;
+use libc::c_void;
 use ThreadFunc;
 
 pub enum Struct_Thread_tag { }

src/console.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+use libctru::console::{consoleInit, consoleClear};
+use libctru::gfx;
+use libctru::libc;
+
+use core::fmt::{self, Write};
+use core::default::Default;
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+use core::ptr;
+
+pub struct Console {
+    pd: PhantomData<()>,
+}
+
+impl Console {
+    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
+        unsafe { consoleClear() }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Console {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        unsafe {
+            consoleInit(gfx::gfxScreen_t::GFX_TOP, ptr::null_mut());
+        }
+        Console { pd: PhantomData }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Write for Console {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {
+        let ret = unsafe { libc::write(libc::STDOUT_FILENO, s.as_ptr() as *const _, s.len()) };
+        if ret == s.len() as isize {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(fmt::Error)
+        }
+    }
+}

src/gfx.rs

@@ -4,65 +4,69 @@ use core::default::Default;
 use core::marker::PhantomData;
 use core::ops::Drop;
 
-use ::services::gsp::FramebufferFormat;
+use services::gspgpu::FramebufferFormat;
 
 pub struct Gfx {
     // we do this to prevent people from making a Gfx struct manually
-    pd: PhantomData<i32>
+    pd: PhantomData<i32>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub enum Screen {
     Top,
-    Bottom
+    Bottom,
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
 pub enum Side {
     Left,
-    Right
+    Right,
 }
 
 impl From<gfx::gfxScreen_t> for Screen {
-    #[inline] fn from(g: gfx::gfxScreen_t) -> Screen {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(g: gfx::gfxScreen_t) -> Screen {
         use libctru::gfx::gfxScreen_t::*;
         use self::Screen::*;
         match g {
             GFX_TOP => Top,
-            GFX_BOTTOM => Bottom
+            GFX_BOTTOM => Bottom,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<Screen> for gfx::gfxScreen_t {
-    #[inline] fn from(g: Screen) -> gfx::gfxScreen_t {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(g: Screen) -> gfx::gfxScreen_t {
         use libctru::gfx::gfxScreen_t::*;
         use self::Screen::*;
         match g {
             Top => GFX_TOP,
-            Bottom => GFX_BOTTOM
+            Bottom => GFX_BOTTOM,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<gfx::gfx3dSide_t> for Side {
-    #[inline] fn from(s: gfx::gfx3dSide_t) -> Side {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: gfx::gfx3dSide_t) -> Side {
         use libctru::gfx::gfx3dSide_t::*;
         use self::Side::*;
         match s {
             GFX_LEFT => Left,
-            GFX_RIGHT => Right
+            GFX_RIGHT => Right,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<Side> for gfx::gfx3dSide_t {
-    #[inline] fn from(s: Side) -> gfx::gfx3dSide_t {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(s: Side) -> gfx::gfx3dSide_t {
         use libctru::gfx::gfx3dSide_t::*;
         use self::Side::*;
         match s {
             Left => GFX_LEFT,
-            Right => GFX_RIGHT
+            Right => GFX_RIGHT,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -70,7 +74,10 @@ impl From<Side> for gfx::gfx3dSide_t {
 impl Gfx {
     pub fn set_3d_enabled(&mut self, enabled: bool) {
         unsafe {
-            gfx::gfxSet3D(match enabled { true => 1u8, false => 0u8 });
+            gfx::gfxSet3D(match enabled {
+                true => 1u8,
+                false => 0u8,
+            });
         }
     }
 
@@ -81,7 +88,10 @@ impl Gfx {
 
             let mut w: u16 = 0;
             let mut h: u16 = 0;
-            let buf: *mut u8 = gfx::gfxGetFramebuffer(screen.into(), side.into(), &mut w as *mut u16, &mut h as &mut u16);
+            let buf: *mut u8 = gfx::gfxGetFramebuffer(screen.into(),
+                                                      side.into(),
+                                                      &mut w as *mut u16,
+                                                      &mut h as &mut u16);
 
             let fbfmt = self.get_framebuffer_format(screen);
 
@@ -103,21 +113,21 @@ impl Gfx {
 
     pub fn get_framebuffer_format(&self, screen: Screen) -> FramebufferFormat {
         use core::convert::Into;
-        unsafe {
+        unsafe { gfx::gfxGetScreenFormat(screen.into()).into() }
-            gfx::gfxGetScreenFormat(screen.into()).into()
-        }
     }
 
     pub fn set_framebuffer_format(&mut self, screen: Screen, fmt: FramebufferFormat) {
         use core::convert::Into;
-        unsafe {
+        unsafe { gfx::gfxSetScreenFormat(screen.into(), fmt.into()) }
-            gfx::gfxSetScreenFormat(screen.into(), fmt.into())
-        }
     }
 
     pub fn set_double_buffering(&mut self, screen: Screen, enabled: bool) {
         unsafe {
-            gfx::gfxSetDoubleBuffering(screen.into(), match enabled { true => 1u8, false => 0u8 })
+            gfx::gfxSetDoubleBuffering(screen.into(),
+                                       match enabled {
+                                           true => 1u8,
+                                           false => 0u8,
+                                       })
         };
     }
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
+#![feature(lang_items, alloc, collections, macro_reexport, allow_internal_unstable)]
 #![no_std]
-#![feature(lang_items)]
 #![crate_type = "rlib"]
 #![crate_name = "ctru"]
 
+extern crate alloc;
+#[macro_reexport(format, vec)]
+extern crate collections;
+
 extern crate ctru_sys as libctru;
 
+pub mod console;
 pub mod srv;
 pub mod gfx;
 pub mod sdmc;
@@ -15,5 +20,9 @@ pub use srv::Srv;
 pub use gfx::Gfx;
 pub use sdmc::Sdmc;
 
-#[lang = "eh_personality"] extern fn eh_personality() {}
+#[lang = "eh_personality"]
-#[lang = "panic_fmt"] fn panic_fmt() -> ! { loop {} }
+extern "C" fn eh_personality() {}
+#[lang = "panic_fmt"]
+fn panic_fmt() -> ! {
+    loop {}
+}

src/sdmc.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use core::marker::PhantomData;
 use libctru::sdmc::*;
 
 pub struct Sdmc {
-    pd: PhantomData<i32>
+    pd: PhantomData<i32>,
 }
 
 impl Sdmc {
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ impl Sdmc {
 
 impl Drop for Sdmc {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
-        unsafe {
+        unsafe { sdmcExit() };
-            sdmcExit()
-        };
     }
 }

src/services/apt.rs

@@ -11,22 +11,23 @@ pub enum AppStatus {
     SleepMode,
     PrepareSleepMode,
     AppletStarted,
-    AppletClosed
+    AppletClosed,
 }
 
 impl From<AppStatus> for apt::APT_AppStatus {
     fn from(a: AppStatus) -> apt::APT_AppStatus {
         use self::AppStatus::*;
+        use libctru::services::apt::APT_AppStatus::*;
         match a {
-            NotInitialized => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_NOTINITIALIZED,
+            NotInitialized => APP_NOTINITIALIZED,
-            Running => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_RUNNING,
+            Running => APP_RUNNING,
-            Suspended => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SUSPENDED,
+            Suspended => APP_SUSPENDED,
-            Exiting => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_EXITING,
+            Exiting => APP_EXITING,
-            Suspending => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SUSPENDING,
+            Suspending => APP_SUSPENDING,
-            SleepMode => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SLEEPMODE,
+            SleepMode => APP_SLEEPMODE,
-            PrepareSleepMode => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_PREPARE_SLEEPMODE,
+            PrepareSleepMode => APP_PREPARE_SLEEPMODE,
-            AppletStarted => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_APPLETSTARTED,
+            AppletStarted => APP_APPLETSTARTED,
-            AppletClosed => apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_APPLETCLOSED,
+            AppletClosed => APP_APPLETCLOSED,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -34,34 +35,28 @@ impl From<AppStatus> for apt::APT_AppStatus {
 impl From<apt::APT_AppStatus> for AppStatus {
     fn from(a: apt::APT_AppStatus) -> AppStatus {
         use self::AppStatus::*;
+        use libctru::services::apt::APT_AppStatus::*;
         match a {
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_NOTINITIALIZED => NotInitialized,
+            APP_NOTINITIALIZED => NotInitialized,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_RUNNING => Running,
+            APP_RUNNING => Running,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SUSPENDED => Suspended,
+            APP_SUSPENDED => Suspended,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_EXITING => Exiting,
+            APP_EXITING => Exiting,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SUSPENDING => Suspending,
+            APP_SUSPENDING => Suspending,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_SLEEPMODE => SleepMode,
+            APP_SLEEPMODE => SleepMode,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_PREPARE_SLEEPMODE => PrepareSleepMode,
+            APP_PREPARE_SLEEPMODE => PrepareSleepMode,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_APPLETSTARTED => AppletStarted,
+            APP_APPLETSTARTED => AppletStarted,
-             apt::APT_AppStatus::APP_APPLETCLOSED => AppletClosed
+            APP_APPLETCLOSED => AppletClosed,
         }
     }
 }
 
 pub struct Apt {
-    pd: PhantomData<()>
+    pd: PhantomData<()>,
 }
 
 impl Apt {
-    pub fn new() -> Result<Apt, i32> {
+    pub fn new() -> Apt {
-        unsafe {
+        Apt { pd: PhantomData }
-            let r = apt::aptInit();
-            if r < 0 {
-                Err(r)
-            } else {
-                Ok(Apt { pd: PhantomData })
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     pub fn get_status(&self) -> AppStatus {
@@ -80,31 +75,16 @@ impl Apt {
     /// The program will not return from this function until the system returns
     /// to the application, or when the status changes to `AppStatus::Exiting`.
     pub fn return_to_menu(&mut self) {
-        unsafe { apt::aptReturnToMenu() };
+        unsafe { apt::aptReturnToMenu() }
     }
 
-    pub fn main_loop(&mut self, app: &mut Application) {
+    pub fn main_loop(&mut self) -> bool {
         unsafe {
-            while apt::aptMainLoop() != 0 {
+            match apt::aptMainLoop() {
-                app.main_loop(self);
+                1 => true,
-                if app.ready_to_quit() {
+                0 => false,
-                    self.set_status(AppStatus::Exiting)
+                _ => unreachable!(),
             }
         }
-        };
     }
 }
-
-impl Drop for Apt {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        unsafe { apt::aptExit() };
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait Application {
-    /// Program app loop body.
-    fn main_loop(&mut self, apt: &mut Apt);
-
-    /// True if the application is ready to quit.
-    fn ready_to_quit(&self) -> bool;
-}

src/services/gspgpu.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ pub enum Event {
     VBlank1,
     PPF,
     P3D,
-    DMA
+    DMA,
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub enum FramebufferFormat {
     Bgr8,
     Rgb565,
     Rgb5A1,
-    Rgba4
+    Rgba4,
 }
 
 impl FramebufferFormat {
@@ -29,13 +29,14 @@ impl FramebufferFormat {
             Bgr8 => 3usize,
             Rgb565 => 2usize,
             Rgb5A1 => 2usize,
-            Rgba4 => 2usize
+            Rgba4 => 2usize,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats> for FramebufferFormat {
-    #[inline] fn from(g: gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats) -> FramebufferFormat {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(g: gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats) -> FramebufferFormat {
         use libctru::services::gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats::*;
         use self::FramebufferFormat::*;
         match g {
@@ -43,13 +44,14 @@ impl From<gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats> for FramebufferFormat {
             GSP_BGR8_OES => Bgr8,
             GSP_RGB565_OES => Rgb565,
             GSP_RGB5_A1_OES => Rgb5A1,
-            GSP_RGBA4_OES => Rgba4
+            GSP_RGBA4_OES => Rgba4,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<FramebufferFormat> for gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats {
-    #[inline] fn from(g: FramebufferFormat) -> gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats {
+    #[inline]
+    fn from(g: FramebufferFormat) -> gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats {
         use libctru::services::gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats::*;
         use self::FramebufferFormat::*;
         match g {
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ impl From<FramebufferFormat> for gspgpu::GSPGPU_FramebufferFormats {
             Bgr8 => GSP_BGR8_OES,
             Rgb565 => GSP_RGB565_OES,
             Rgb5A1 => GSP_RGB5_A1_OES,
-            Rgba4 => GSP_RGBA4_OES
+            Rgba4 => GSP_RGBA4_OES,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ fn to_raw_event(ev: Event) -> gspgpu::GSPGPU_Event {
         VBlank1 => GSPGPU_EVENT_VBlank1,
         PPF => GSPGPU_EVENT_PPF,
         P3D => GSPGPU_EVENT_P3D,
-        DMA => GSPGPU_EVENT_DMA
+        DMA => GSPGPU_EVENT_DMA,
     }
 }
 

src/services/hid.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub enum PadKey {
     Up,
     Down,
     Left,
-    Right
+    Right,
 }
 
 impl From<PadKey> for u32 {
@@ -68,25 +68,18 @@ impl From<PadKey> for u32 {
             DPadLeft => KEY_DLEFT as u32,
             DPadRight => KEY_DRIGHT as u32,
             DPadUp => KEY_DUP as u32,
-            DPadDown => KEY_DDOWN as u32
+            DPadDown => KEY_DDOWN as u32,
         }
     }
 }
 
 pub struct Hid {
-    pd: PhantomData<i32>
+    pd: PhantomData<()>,
 }
 
 impl Hid {
-    pub fn new() -> Result<Hid, i32> {
+    pub fn new() -> Hid {
-        unsafe {
+        Hid { pd: PhantomData }
-            let r = hid::hidInit();
-            if r < 0 {
-                Err(r)
-            } else {
-                Ok(Hid { pd: PhantomData })
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     pub fn scan_input(&mut self) {
@@ -126,9 +119,3 @@ impl Hid {
         }
     }
 }
-
-impl Drop for Hid {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        unsafe { hid::hidExit() };
-    }
-}

src/services/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 pub mod apt;
 pub mod hid;
-pub mod gsp;
+pub mod gspgpu;
 
 pub use self::hid::Hid;
-pub use self::apt::{Apt, Application};
+pub use self::apt::Apt;

src/srv.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use libctru::srv::*;
 use core::marker::PhantomData;
 
 pub struct Srv {
-    pd: PhantomData<i32>
+    pd: PhantomData<i32>,
 }
 
 impl Srv {