Merge pull request #43 from 0x00002a/0x2a/feat/improve-matrix-api

citro3d/Cargo.toml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
+glam = { version = "0.24.2", optional = true }
 approx = { version = "0.5.1", optional = true }
 bitflags = "1.3.2"
 bytemuck = { version = "1.10.0", features = ["extern_crate_std"] }
@@ -17,9 +18,11 @@ document-features = "0.2.7"
 libc = "0.2.125"
 
 [features]
-default = []
+default = ["glam"]
 ## Enable this feature to use the `approx` crate for comparing vectors and matrices.
 approx = ["dep:approx"]
+## Enable for glam support in uniforms
+glam = ["dep:glam"]
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 test-runner = { git = "https://github.com/rust3ds/test-runner.git" }

citro3d/src/lib.rs

@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@ impl Instance {
     /// let mtx = Matrix::identity();
     /// instance.bind_vertex_uniform(idx, &mtx);
     /// ```
-    pub fn bind_vertex_uniform(&mut self, index: uniform::Index, uniform: impl Uniform) {
+    pub fn bind_vertex_uniform(&mut self, index: uniform::Index, uniform: impl Into<Uniform>) {
-        uniform.bind(self, shader::Type::Vertex, index);
+        uniform.into().bind(self, shader::Type::Vertex, index);
     }
 
     /// Bind a uniform to the given `index` in the geometry shader for the next draw call.
@@ -241,8 +241,8 @@ impl Instance {
     /// let mtx = Matrix::identity();
     /// instance.bind_geometry_uniform(idx, &mtx);
     /// ```
-    pub fn bind_geometry_uniform(&mut self, index: uniform::Index, uniform: impl Uniform) {
+    pub fn bind_geometry_uniform(&mut self, index: uniform::Index, uniform: impl Into<Uniform>) {
-        uniform.bind(self, shader::Type::Geometry, index);
+        uniform.into().bind(self, shader::Type::Geometry, index);
     }
 
     /// Retrieve the [`TexEnv`] for the given stage, initializing it first if necessary.

citro3d/src/math.rs

@@ -9,16 +9,56 @@ mod ops;
 mod projection;
 
 pub use fvec::{FVec, FVec3, FVec4};
-pub use matrix::{Matrix, Matrix3, Matrix4};
+pub use matrix::Matrix4;
 pub use projection::{
     AspectRatio, ClipPlanes, CoordinateOrientation, Orthographic, Perspective, Projection,
     ScreenOrientation, StereoDisplacement,
 };
 
 /// A 4-vector of `u8`s.
+///
+/// # Layout
+/// Uses the PICA layout of WZYX
 #[doc(alias = "C3D_IVec")]
+#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub struct IVec(citro3d_sys::C3D_IVec);
 
+impl IVec {
+    pub fn new(x: u8, y: u8, z: u8, w: u8) -> Self {
+        Self(unsafe { citro3d_sys::IVec_Pack(x, y, z, w) })
+    }
+    pub fn as_raw(&self) -> &citro3d_sys::C3D_IVec {
+        &self.0
+    }
+    pub fn x(self) -> u8 {
+        self.0 as u8
+    }
+    pub fn y(self) -> u8 {
+        (self.0 >> 8) as u8
+    }
+    pub fn z(self) -> u8 {
+        (self.0 >> 16) as u8
+    }
+    pub fn w(self) -> u8 {
+        (self.0 >> 24) as u8
+    }
+}
+
 /// A quaternion, internally represented the same way as [`FVec`].
 #[doc(alias = "C3D_FQuat")]
 pub struct FQuat(citro3d_sys::C3D_FQuat);
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::IVec;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ivec_getters_work() {
+        let iv = IVec::new(1, 2, 3, 4);
+        assert_eq!(iv.x(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(iv.y(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(iv.z(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(iv.w(), 4);
+    }
+}

citro3d/src/math/fvec.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,15 @@
 use std::fmt;
 
 /// A vector of `f32`s.
+///
+/// # Layout
+/// Note that this matches the PICA layout so is actually WZYX, this means using it
+/// in vertex data as an attribute it will be reversed
+///
+/// It is guaranteed to have the same layout as [`citro3d_sys::C3D_FVec`] in memory
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 #[doc(alias = "C3D_FVec")]
+#[repr(transparent)]
 pub struct FVec<const N: usize>(pub(crate) citro3d_sys::C3D_FVec);
 
 /// A 3-vector of `f32`s.
@@ -48,6 +55,11 @@ impl FVec4 {
         unsafe { self.0.__bindgen_anon_1.w }
     }
 
+    /// Wrap a raw [`citro3d_sys::C3D_FVec`]
+    pub fn from_raw(raw: citro3d_sys::C3D_FVec) -> Self {
+        Self(raw)
+    }
+
     /// Create a new [`FVec4`] from its components.
     ///
     /// # Example
@@ -243,6 +255,32 @@ impl FVec3 {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<glam::Vec4> for FVec4 {
+    fn from(value: glam::Vec4) -> Self {
+        Self::new(value.x, value.y, value.z, value.w)
+    }
+}
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<glam::Vec3> for FVec3 {
+    fn from(value: glam::Vec3) -> Self {
+        Self::new(value.x, value.y, value.z)
+    }
+}
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<FVec4> for glam::Vec4 {
+    fn from(value: FVec4) -> Self {
+        glam::Vec4::new(value.x(), value.y(), value.z(), value.w())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<FVec3> for glam::Vec3 {
+    fn from(value: FVec3) -> Self {
+        glam::Vec3::new(value.x(), value.y(), value.z())
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use approx::assert_abs_diff_eq;

citro3d/src/math/matrix.rs

@@ -1,84 +1,60 @@
 use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
 
-pub use private::Matrix;
+use super::{CoordinateOrientation, FVec3, FVec4};
-
+
-use super::{CoordinateOrientation, FVec3};
+/// A 4x4 row-major matrix of `f32`s.
-
+///
-mod private {
+/// # Layout details
-    use std::fmt;
+/// Rows are actually stored as WZYX in memory. There are helper functions
-
+/// for accessing the rows in XYZW form. The `Debug` implementation prints
-    /// An `M`x`N` row-major matrix of `f32`s.
+/// the shows in WZYX form
-    #[doc(alias = "C3D_Mtx")]
+///
-    #[derive(Clone)]
+/// It is also guaranteed to have the same layout as [`citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx`]
-    pub struct Matrix<const M: usize, const N: usize>(citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx);
+#[doc(alias = "C3D_Mtx")]
-
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-    impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Matrix<M, N> {
+#[repr(transparent)]
-        const ROW_SIZE: () = assert!(M == 3 || M == 4);
+pub struct Matrix4(citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx);
-        const COLUMN_SIZE: () = assert!(N > 0 && N <= 4);
+
-
+impl Matrix4 {
-        // This constructor validates, at compile time, that the
+    /// Construct a Matrix4 from the cells
-        // constructed matrix is 3xN or 4xN matrix, where 0 < N ≤ 4.
+    ///
-        // We put this struct in a submodule to enforce that nothing creates
+    /// # Note
-        // a Matrix without calling this constructor.
+    /// This expects rows to be in WZYX order
-        #[allow(clippy::let_unit_value)]
+    pub fn from_cells_wzyx(cells: [f32; 16]) -> Self {
-        pub(crate) fn new(value: citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx) -> Self {
+        Self(citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx { m: cells })
-            let () = Self::ROW_SIZE;
+    }
-            let () = Self::COLUMN_SIZE;
+    /// Construct a Matrix4 from its rows
+    pub fn from_rows(rows: [FVec4; 4]) -> Self {
+        Self(citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
+            r: rows.map(|r| r.0),
+        })
+    }
+    /// Create a new matrix from a raw citro3d_sys one
+    pub fn from_raw(value: citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx) -> Self {
         Self(value)
     }
 
-        pub(crate) fn as_raw(&self) -> *const citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
+    pub fn as_raw(&self) -> &citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
         &self.0
     }
 
-        pub(crate) fn into_raw(self) -> citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
+    pub fn as_raw_mut(&mut self) -> &mut citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
-            self.0
-        }
-
-        pub(crate) fn as_mut(&mut self) -> *mut citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
         &mut self.0
     }
 
-        /// Trim the matrix down to only the rows and columns we care about,
+    pub fn into_raw(self) -> citro3d_sys::C3D_Mtx {
-        /// since the inner representation is always 4x4.
+        self.0
-        ///
-        /// NOTE: this probably shouldn't be used in hot paths since it copies
-        /// the underlying storage. For some use cases slicing might be better,
-        /// although the underlying slice would always contain extra values for
-        /// matrices smaller than 4x4.
-        pub(crate) fn as_rows(&self) -> [[f32; N]; M] {
-            let rows = unsafe { self.0.r }.map(|row| -> [f32; N] {
-                // Rows are stored in WZYX order, so we slice from back to front.
-                // UNWRAP: N ≤ 4, so slicing to a smaller array should always work
-                unsafe { row.c[(4 - N)..].try_into() }.unwrap()
-            });
-
-            // UNWRAP: M ≤ 4, so slicing to a smaller array should always work
-            rows[..M].try_into().unwrap()
-        }
     }
 
-    impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> fmt::Debug for Matrix<M, N> {
+    /// Get the rows in raw (WZYX) form
-        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+    pub fn rows_wzyx(self) -> [FVec4; 4] {
-            let inner = self.as_rows().map(|mut row| {
+        unsafe { self.0.r }.map(FVec4::from_raw)
-                // Rows are stored in WZYX order which is opposite of how most people
-                // probably expect, so reverse each row in-place for debug printing
-                row.reverse();
-                row
-            });
-
-            let type_name = std::any::type_name::<Self>().split("::").last().unwrap();
-            f.debug_tuple(type_name).field(&inner).finish()
     }
-    }
-}
 
-/// A 3x3 row-major matrix of `f32`s.
+    /// Get the rows in XYZW form
-pub type Matrix3 = Matrix<3, 3>;
+    pub fn rows_xyzw(self) -> [[f32; 4]; 4] {
-/// A 4x4 row-major matrix of `f32`s.
+        self.rows_wzyx().map(|r| [r.x(), r.y(), r.z(), r.w()])
-pub type Matrix4 = Matrix<4, 4>;
+    }
-
-impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Matrix<M, N> {
     /// Construct the zero matrix.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Zeros")]
     pub fn zero() -> Self {
@@ -86,17 +62,17 @@ impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Matrix<M, N> {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
             citro3d_sys::Mtx_Zeros(out.as_mut_ptr());
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
+            Self::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 
     /// Transpose the matrix, swapping rows and columns.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Transpose")]
-    pub fn transpose(mut self) -> Matrix<N, M> {
+    pub fn transpose(mut self) -> Matrix4 {
         unsafe {
-            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Transpose(self.as_mut());
+            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Transpose(self.as_raw_mut());
         }
-        Matrix::new(self.into_raw())
+        Matrix4::from_raw(self.into_raw())
     }
 
     // region: Matrix transformations
@@ -111,43 +87,39 @@ impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Matrix<M, N> {
     /// directions.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Translate")]
     pub fn translate(&mut self, x: f32, y: f32, z: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Translate(self.as_mut(), x, y, z, false) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Translate(self.as_raw_mut(), x, y, z, false) }
     }
 
     /// Scale a transformation matrix by the given amounts in the X, Y, and Z directions.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Scale")]
     pub fn scale(&mut self, x: f32, y: f32, z: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Scale(self.as_mut(), x, y, z) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Scale(self.as_raw_mut(), x, y, z) }
     }
 
     /// Rotate a transformation matrix by the given angle around the given axis.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Rotate")]
     pub fn rotate(&mut self, axis: FVec3, angle: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Rotate(self.as_mut(), axis.0, angle, false) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Rotate(self.as_raw_mut(), axis.0, angle, false) }
     }
 
     /// Rotate a transformation matrix by the given angle around the X axis.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_RotateX")]
     pub fn rotate_x(&mut self, angle: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateX(self.as_mut(), angle, false) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateX(self.as_raw_mut(), angle, false) }
     }
 
     /// Rotate a transformation matrix by the given angle around the Y axis.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_RotateY")]
     pub fn rotate_y(&mut self, angle: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateY(self.as_mut(), angle, false) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateY(self.as_raw_mut(), angle, false) }
     }
 
     /// Rotate a transformation matrix by the given angle around the Z axis.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_RotateZ")]
     pub fn rotate_z(&mut self, angle: f32) {
-        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateZ(self.as_mut(), angle, false) }
+        unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_RotateZ(self.as_raw_mut(), angle, false) }
     }
 
-    // endregion
-}
-
-impl<const N: usize> Matrix<N, N> {
     /// Find the inverse of the matrix.
     ///
     /// # Errors
@@ -155,7 +127,7 @@ impl<const N: usize> Matrix<N, N> {
     /// If the matrix has no inverse, it will be returned unchanged as an [`Err`].
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Inverse")]
     pub fn inverse(mut self) -> Result<Self, Self> {
-        let determinant = unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Inverse(self.as_mut()) };
+        let determinant = unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_Inverse(self.as_raw_mut()) };
         if determinant == 0.0 {
             Err(self)
         } else {
@@ -169,31 +141,17 @@ impl<const N: usize> Matrix<N, N> {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
             citro3d_sys::Mtx_Identity(out.as_mut_ptr());
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
+            Self::from_raw(out.assume_init())
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Matrix3 {
-    /// Construct a 3x3 matrix with the given values on the diagonal.
-    #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Diagonal")]
-    pub fn diagonal(x: f32, y: f32, z: f32) -> Self {
-        let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
-        unsafe {
-            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Diagonal(out.as_mut_ptr(), x, y, z, 0.0);
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
-}
 
-impl Matrix4 {
     /// Construct a 4x4 matrix with the given values on the diagonal.
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Diagonal")]
     pub fn diagonal(x: f32, y: f32, z: f32, w: f32) -> Self {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
             citro3d_sys::Mtx_Diagonal(out.as_mut_ptr(), x, y, z, w);
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
+            Self::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 
@@ -215,7 +173,27 @@ impl Matrix4 {
                 camera_up.0,
                 coordinates.is_left_handed(),
             );
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
+            Self::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 }
+
+impl core::fmt::Debug for Matrix4 {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_tuple("Matrix4").field(&self.rows_wzyx()).finish()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<glam::Mat4> for Matrix4 {
+    fn from(mat: glam::Mat4) -> Self {
+        Matrix4::from_rows(core::array::from_fn(|i| mat.row(i).into()))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<Matrix4> for glam::Mat4 {
+    fn from(mat: Matrix4) -> Self {
+        glam::Mat4::from_cols_array_2d(&mat.rows_xyzw()).transpose()
+    }
+}

citro3d/src/math/ops.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-use std::borrow::Borrow;
 use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
-use std::ops::{Add, Deref, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
+use std::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
 
 #[cfg(feature = "approx")]
 use approx::AbsDiffEq;
 
-use super::{FVec, FVec3, FVec4, Matrix, Matrix3, Matrix4};
+use super::{FVec, FVec3, FVec4, Matrix4};
 
 // region: FVec4 math operators
 
@@ -126,59 +125,50 @@ impl<const N: usize> AbsDiffEq for FVec<N> {
 
 // region: Matrix math operators
 
-impl<Rhs: Borrow<Self>, const M: usize, const N: usize> Add<Rhs> for &Matrix<M, N> {
+impl Add<Matrix4> for Matrix4 {
-    type Output = <Self as Deref>::Target;
+    type Output = Matrix4;
 
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Add")]
-    fn add(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output {
+    fn add(self, rhs: Matrix4) -> Self::Output {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
-            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Add(out.as_mut_ptr(), self.as_raw(), rhs.borrow().as_raw());
+            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Add(out.as_mut_ptr(), self.as_raw(), rhs.as_raw());
-            Matrix::new(out.assume_init())
+            Matrix4::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<Rhs: Borrow<Self>, const M: usize, const N: usize> Sub<Rhs> for &Matrix<M, N> {
+impl Sub<Matrix4> for Matrix4 {
-    type Output = <Self as Deref>::Target;
+    type Output = Matrix4;
 
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Subtract")]
-    fn sub(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output {
+    fn sub(self, rhs: Matrix4) -> Self::Output {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
-            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Subtract(out.as_mut_ptr(), self.as_raw(), rhs.borrow().as_raw());
+            citro3d_sys::Mtx_Subtract(out.as_mut_ptr(), self.as_raw(), rhs.as_raw());
-            Matrix::new(out.assume_init())
+            Matrix4::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<const M: usize, const N: usize, const P: usize> Mul<&Matrix<N, P>> for &Matrix<M, N> {
+impl Mul<Matrix4> for Matrix4 {
-    type Output = Matrix<M, P>;
+    type Output = Matrix4;
 
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_Multiply")]
-    fn mul(self, rhs: &Matrix<N, P>) -> Self::Output {
+    fn mul(self, rhs: Matrix4) -> Self::Output {
         let mut out = MaybeUninit::uninit();
         unsafe {
             citro3d_sys::Mtx_Multiply(out.as_mut_ptr(), self.as_raw(), rhs.as_raw());
-            Matrix::new(out.assume_init())
+            Matrix4::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<const M: usize, const N: usize, const P: usize> Mul<Matrix<N, P>> for &Matrix<M, N> {
+impl Mul<Matrix4> for &Matrix4 {
-    type Output = Matrix<M, P>;
+    type Output = Matrix4;
 
-    fn mul(self, rhs: Matrix<N, P>) -> Self::Output {
+    fn mul(self, rhs: Matrix4) -> Self::Output {
-        self * &rhs
+        *self * rhs
-    }
-}
-
-impl Mul<FVec3> for &Matrix3 {
-    type Output = FVec3;
-
-    #[doc(alias = "Mtx_MultiplyFVec3")]
-    fn mul(self, rhs: FVec3) -> Self::Output {
-        FVec(unsafe { citro3d_sys::Mtx_MultiplyFVec3(self.as_raw(), rhs.0) })
     }
 }
 
@@ -191,7 +181,7 @@ impl Mul<FVec4> for &Matrix4 {
     }
 }
 
-impl Mul<FVec3> for &Matrix<4, 3> {
+impl Mul<FVec3> for &Matrix4 {
     type Output = FVec4;
 
     #[doc(alias = "Mtx_MultiplyFVecH")]
@@ -200,19 +190,17 @@ impl Mul<FVec3> for &Matrix<4, 3> {
     }
 }
 
-// endregion
+impl PartialEq<Matrix4> for Matrix4 {
-
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Matrix4) -> bool {
-impl<Rhs: Borrow<Self>, const M: usize, const N: usize> PartialEq<Rhs> for Matrix<M, N> {
+        self.rows_wzyx() == other.rows_wzyx()
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool {
-        self.as_rows() == other.borrow().as_rows()
     }
 }
 
-impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Eq for Matrix<M, N> {}
+// endregion
 
 #[cfg(feature = "approx")]
 #[doc(cfg(feature = "approx"))]
-impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> AbsDiffEq for Matrix<M, N> {
+impl AbsDiffEq for Matrix4 {
     type Epsilon = f32;
 
     fn default_epsilon() -> Self::Epsilon {
@@ -222,18 +210,10 @@ impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> AbsDiffEq for Matrix<M, N> {
     }
 
     fn abs_diff_eq(&self, other: &Self, epsilon: Self::Epsilon) -> bool {
-        let lhs = self.as_rows();
+        self.rows_wzyx()
-        let rhs = other.as_rows();
+            .into_iter()
-
+            .zip(other.rows_wzyx().into_iter())
-        for row in 0..M {
+            .all(|(l, r)| l.abs_diff_eq(&r, epsilon))
-            for col in 0..N {
-                if !lhs[row][col].abs_diff_eq(&rhs[row][col], epsilon) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        true
     }
 }
 
@@ -267,25 +247,13 @@ mod tests {
         assert_abs_diff_eq!(l / 2.0, FVec4::splat(0.5));
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn matrix3() {
-        let l = Matrix3::diagonal(1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
-        let r = Matrix3::identity();
-        let (l, r) = (&l, &r);
-
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l * r), l);
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l + r), &Matrix3::diagonal(2.0, 3.0, 4.0));
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l - r), &Matrix3::diagonal(0.0, 1.0, 2.0));
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn matrix4() {
         let l = Matrix4::diagonal(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0);
         let r = Matrix4::identity();
-        let (l, r) = (&l, &r);
 
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l * r), l);
+        assert_abs_diff_eq!(l * r, l);
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l + r), &Matrix4::diagonal(2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0));
+        assert_abs_diff_eq!(l + r, Matrix4::diagonal(2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0));
-        assert_abs_diff_eq!(&(l - r), &Matrix4::diagonal(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
+        assert_abs_diff_eq!(l - r, Matrix4::diagonal(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
     }
 }

citro3d/src/math/projection.rs

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ impl From<Projection<Perspective>> for Matrix4 {
             }
         }
 
-        unsafe { Self::new(result.assume_init()) }
+        unsafe { Self::from_raw(result.assume_init()) }
     }
 }
 
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ impl From<Projection<Orthographic>> for Matrix4 {
                 clip_planes_z.far,
                 projection.coordinates.is_left_handed(),
             );
-            Self::new(out.assume_init())
+            Self::from_raw(out.assume_init())
         }
     }
 }

citro3d/src/shader.rs

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl Program {
         if idx < 0 {
             Err(crate::Error::NotFound)
         } else {
-            Ok(idx.into())
+            Ok((idx as u8).into())
         }
     }
 
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ impl Drop for Program {
 
 /// The type of a shader.
 #[repr(u32)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum Type {
     /// A vertex shader.
     Vertex = ctru_sys::GPU_VERTEX_SHADER,

citro3d/src/uniform.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 //! Common definitions for binding uniforms to shaders. This is primarily
 //! done by implementing the [`Uniform`] trait for a given type.
 
-use crate::math::Matrix;
+use std::ops::Range;
+
+use crate::math::{FVec4, IVec, Matrix4};
 use crate::{shader, Instance};
 
 /// The index of a uniform within a [`shader::Program`].
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
-pub struct Index(i8);
+pub struct Index(u8);
 
-impl From<i8> for Index {
+impl From<u8> for Index {
-    fn from(value: i8) -> Self {
+    fn from(value: u8) -> Self {
         Self(value)
     }
 }
@@ -20,38 +22,154 @@ impl From<Index> for i32 {
     }
 }
 
-mod private {
+/// A uniform which may be bound as input to a shader program
-    use crate::math::Matrix;
+#[non_exhaustive]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum Uniform {
+    /// Single float uniform (`.fvec name`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_FVUnifSet")]
+    Float(FVec4),
+    /// Two element float uniform (`.fvec name[2]`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_FVUnifMtx2x4")]
+    Float2([FVec4; 2]),
+    /// Three element float uniform (`.fvec name [3]`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_FVUnifMtx3x4")]
+    Float3([FVec4; 3]),
+    /// Matrix/4 element float uniform (`.fvec name[4]`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_FVUnifMtx4x4")]
+    Float4(Matrix4),
+    /// Bool uniform (`.bool name`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_BoolUnifSet")]
+    Bool(bool),
+    /// Integer uniform (`.ivec name`)
+    #[doc(alias = "C3D_IVUnifSet")]
+    Int(IVec),
+}
+impl Uniform {
+    /// Get range of valid indexes for this uniform to bind to
+    pub fn index_range(&self) -> Range<Index> {
+        // these indexes are from the uniform table in the shader see: https://www.3dbrew.org/wiki/SHBIN#Uniform_Table_Entry
+        // the input registers then are excluded by libctru, see: https://github.com/devkitPro/libctru/blob/0da8705527f03b4b08ff7fee4dd1b7f28df37905/libctru/source/gpu/shbin.c#L93
+        match self {
+            Self::Float(_) | Self::Float2(_) | Self::Float3(_) | Self::Float4(_) => {
+                Index(0)..Index(0x60)
+            }
+            Self::Int(_) => Index(0x60)..Index(0x64),
+            // this gap is intentional
+            Self::Bool(_) => Index(0x68)..Index(0x79),
+        }
+    }
+    /// Get length of uniform, i.e. how many registers it will write to
+    #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)] // is_empty doesn't make sense here
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        match self {
+            Self::Float(_) => 1,
+            Self::Float2(_) => 2,
+            Self::Float3(_) => 3,
+            Self::Float4(_) => 4,
+            Self::Bool(_) | Uniform::Int(_) => 1,
+        }
+    }
 
-    pub trait Sealed {}
+    /// Bind a uniform
+    ///
+    /// Note: `_instance` is here to ensure unique access to the global uniform buffers
+    /// otherwise we could race and/or violate aliasing
+    pub(crate) fn bind(self, _instance: &mut Instance, ty: shader::Type, index: Index) {
+        assert!(
+            self.index_range().contains(&index),
+            "tried to bind uniform to an invalid index (index: {:?}, valid range: {:?})",
+            index,
+            self.index_range(),
+        );
+        assert!(self.index_range().end.0 as usize >= self.len() + index.0 as usize, "tried to bind a uniform that would overflow the uniform buffer. index was {:?}, size was {} max is {:?}", index, self.len(), self.index_range().end);
+        let set_fvs = |fs: &[FVec4]| {
+            for (off, f) in fs.iter().enumerate() {
+                unsafe {
+                    citro3d_sys::C3D_FVUnifSet(
+                        ty.into(),
+                        (index.0 as usize + off) as i32,
+                        f.x(),
+                        f.y(),
+                        f.z(),
+                        f.w(),
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        match self {
+            Self::Bool(b) => unsafe {
+                citro3d_sys::C3D_BoolUnifSet(ty.into(), index.into(), b);
+            },
+            Self::Int(i) => unsafe {
+                citro3d_sys::C3D_IVUnifSet(
+                    ty.into(),
+                    index.into(),
+                    i.x() as i32,
+                    i.y() as i32,
+                    i.z() as i32,
+                    i.w() as i32,
+                );
+            },
+            Self::Float(f) => set_fvs(&[f]),
+            Self::Float2(fs) => {
+                set_fvs(&fs);
+            }
+            Self::Float3(fs) => set_fvs(&fs),
+            Self::Float4(m) => {
+                set_fvs(&m.rows_wzyx());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-    impl<const M: usize, const N: usize> Sealed for &Matrix<M, N> {}
+impl From<Matrix4> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: Matrix4) -> Self {
+        Self::Float4(value)
+    }
+}
+impl From<[FVec4; 3]> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: [FVec4; 3]) -> Self {
+        Self::Float3(value)
+    }
 }
 
-/// A shader uniform. This trait is implemented for types that can be bound to
+impl From<[FVec4; 2]> for Uniform {
-/// shaders to be used as a uniform input to the shader.
+    fn from(value: [FVec4; 2]) -> Self {
-pub trait Uniform: private::Sealed {
+        Self::Float2(value)
-    /// Bind the uniform to the given shader index for the given shader type.
+    }
-    /// An [`Instance`] is required to prevent concurrent binding of different
+}
-    /// uniforms to the same index.
+impl From<FVec4> for Uniform {
-    fn bind(self, instance: &mut Instance, shader_type: shader::Type, index: Index);
+    fn from(value: FVec4) -> Self {
+        Self::Float(value)
+    }
+}
+impl From<IVec> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: IVec) -> Self {
+        Self::Int(value)
+    }
+}
+impl From<bool> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: bool) -> Self {
+        Self::Bool(value)
+    }
+}
+impl From<&Matrix4> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: &Matrix4) -> Self {
+        (*value).into()
+    }
 }
 
-impl<const M: usize> Uniform for &Matrix<M, 4> {
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
-    #[doc(alias = "C34_FVUnifMtxNx4")]
+impl From<glam::Vec4> for Uniform {
-    #[doc(alias = "C34_FVUnifMtx4x4")]
+    fn from(value: glam::Vec4) -> Self {
-    #[doc(alias = "C34_FVUnifMtx3x4")]
+        Self::Float(value.into())
-    #[doc(alias = "C34_FVUnifMtx2x4")]
-    fn bind(self, _instance: &mut Instance, type_: shader::Type, index: Index) {
-        unsafe {
-            citro3d_sys::C3D_FVUnifMtxNx4(
-                type_.into(),
-                index.into(),
-                self.as_raw(),
-                // UNWRAP: it should be impossible for end users to construct
-                // a matrix with M > i32::MAX
-                M.try_into().unwrap(),
-            );
     }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "glam")]
+impl From<glam::Mat4> for Uniform {
+    fn from(value: glam::Mat4) -> Self {
+        Self::Float4(value.into())
     }
 }